2022中考新材料仿真模拟押题（浙江绍兴卷）A卷（解析版）

2022中考新材料仿真模拟押题（浙江绍兴卷）A卷（满分120分，考试时间100分钟）语篇题目内容清单篇目内容第二大题完形填空讲述新冠肺炎对世界的影响以及作者希望这场灾难能早点结束第三大题阅读理解A篇主要介绍2021年的一些事件第三大题阅读理解B篇文章主要讲中国为减缓全球变暖所做的一切第三大题阅读理解C篇介绍一些关于奥运会的知识第三大题阅读理解D篇通过讲述王亚平进行太空舱外活动，介绍女性宇航员进行太空活动的优势第四大题词语运用B.短文填空介绍皮影戏历史、制造、表演和传承第五大题语法填空中国传统节日以及关于中秋节的民间故事第六大题阅读还原自媒体第七大题书面表达关于实现中华民族伟大复兴的演讲稿试卷I(选择题共70分）（一）听力部分（共25分）一、听力（本题有15小题，第一节每小题1分，第二、三节每小题2分，共计25分）第一节：听小对话，回答问题。1．A．I’llfull.B．Itwasdelicious.C．Idon’twanttoeatanymore.【答案】B【原文】M:Helen,whatamIsupposedtodowhenIamwithaFrenchfamily?W:It’simpolitetosayyou’refull.Ifyoudon’twanttoeatanymorefood,youshouldjustsayitwasdelicious.Question:Whatshouldthemansaywhenhe’sfull?2．A．Green. B．Blue. C．Yellow.【答案】C【原文】M:Whatcolorisyourbedroom,Judy?W:Ilikebluebest,butmyfatherpaintedityellow.Q:WhatcolorisJudy’sbedroom?3．A．Amy’s. B．Peter’s. C．Maria’s.【答案】C【原文】M:Amy,yourbasketisheavierthanmine.W:Yes,Peter.ButMaria’sisevenheavier.Q:Whosebasketistheheaviest?4．A．At9:40. B．At10:00. C．At10:20.【答案】A【原文】W:Sorry.I’mlate.M:Oh,it’steno’clocknow.Themeetinghasbeenonfortwentyminutes.Q:Whendidthemeetingbegin?5．A．English-Chinese. B．English-English. C．Chinese-English.【答案】B【原文】W:Shouldstudentsbeallowedtousedictionariesinclass?M:Yes,buttheyareonlyallowedtouseEnglish-Englishdictionaries.Q:Whatkindofdictionariesarestudentsallowedtouse?第二节：听较长对话，回答问题。听下面一段对话，回答第6-7小题。6．WhydidLucyhavetowalktoschool?A．Shedidn’tcatchtheschoolbus.B．Itstartedraining. C．Shedidn’thavetheumbrella.7．Wholeftthehistorynotebookathome?A．Lucy. B．Bob. C．Tom.【答案】6-7．AC【原文】M:Hi,Lucy.Youdon’tlookhappytoday!Whathappened?W:Well,Ididn’tcatchtheschoolbusthismorningandIhadtowalktoschool.AndthenitstartedrainingandIdidn’thavemyumbrella.M:Oh,no!Didyougetwet,Lucy?W:Yes,Iwaslateandwet.M:That’stoobad.However,Ihadaterribleday,too.W:Oh,no.Whatwasthematter,Tom?M:BobandIweregoingtothelibrarytostudyforthehistorytest.Butwhenwegotthere,IrealizedIhadleftmyhistorynotebookathome.W:That’stoobad.听下面一段对话，回答第8-10小题。8．WheredidBobmeetAnna’sbrother?A．Onhiswaytoschool. B．Onhiswayhome. C．Ontheplayground.9．Whoisontheschoolbasketballteam?A．Anna’sbrother. B．Anna. C．Bob.10．Whatwilltheydoafterschool?A．Watchamovie. B．Gotoaconcert. C．Playbasketball.【答案】8-10．AAB【原文】M:Hi,Anna!W:Hi,Bob!M:Imetyouryoungerbrotheronmywaytoschooljustnow.W:Really?M:Yes.Heismuchtallerandstrongerthanhewastwoyearsago.W:Helikesplayingbasketball.Andheisontheschoolbasketballteamnow.M:Soundsgreat!CanhetakepartinourbasketballgamenextSaturdayafternoon?W:Err,letmeaskhim.Wherewillyouhavethebasketballgame?M:Onourschoolplayground.Bytheway,whereareyougoingafterschool?W:I’mgoingtoaconcert.ThereisafreeconcertatthePeople’sTheater.Wouldyouliketogowithme?M:Sure,I’dloveto.第三节：听独白，回答问题。11．Howlongdidthespeakervolunteeratthelocalstore?A．Foraweek. B．Foramonth. C．Foroneyear.12．Howoldwastheyounglady’sson?A．Oneyearold. B．Twoyearsold. C．Fiveyearsold.13．Whatdidtheyoungladywanttobuyforherson?A．Abook. B．Atoy. C．Abag.14．Whathappenedtotheyounglady?A．Shelosthermoneysomewhere. B．Sheleftherwalletathome. C．Athieftookherwalletaway.15．Whohelpedtheyoungladyfinally?A．Thespeaker. B．Thelady’sson. C．Thespeaker’smother.【答案】11-15．BABBA【原文】Lastyear,Ivolunteeredasaclerkatalocalstore.Iworkedthereforamonth.Oneday,ayoungmotherwithababycametothestore.Thebabywasonlyoneyearold.Theyoungmotherwaslookingforsometoysforherson.Shewashappyaboutatoyshewaslookingat.Butthenshewentthroughherbagforawhile,shesaidthatshehadleftherwalletathome.Isuggestedshewenthomequicklyandcamebackforthetoy,butshesaidshelivedfarfromhere.Lookingatherdisappointedface,IfeltsorryforherandItookoutmywalletandpaidforhertoy.Shewassosurprisedthatsomeoneofferedtodothatandthenshetookdownmynameandaddress.Mymotherthoughttheyoungladywouldn’tgivebackthemoney.Buttwodayslater,afterIreceivedacheckfromthewoman,shewasverysurprised.（二）笔试部分（共45分）二、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Hi,COVID-19,Iamwritingtoexpressmyconcernoveryourinfluenceinmyworld—theEarth.Atfirst,Ifelt___16___aboutyourarrival.Noschoolisalwaysgoodnews.ButlittledidIknowthatyouweregoingtobeso___17___.Youhavebeenwithusformorethanayearnow.Becauseofyou,morethanthree___18___peoplehavedied.Youhavealso___19___somanyproblems!Eversinceyoufirst___20___onEarth,manypeoplehavehadtostayhome.Asaresult,airqualityinmanycitiesacrosstheworldhasgreatly___21___.However,youhavealsocausedhuge___22___intheamountofmedicalwastebeingproduced—usedmasks,glovesandbottlesofdisinfectants(消毒剂).Thishas___23___endangeredtheenvironment.Secondly,youhavecausedeconomic___24___acrosstheworld.Manybusinesseshavebeen____25____.Lotsofpeoplehavebeenoutofwork.Inmanycities,tourismhasbeen____26____.Moreover,youhaveharmedussocially.Wehavebeentoo____27____togooutdoorstoplaywitheachother.Studentsallovertheworldhavebeenaffected.Poorerstudentshavebeenforcedevenfurther____28____theirbetter-offschoolmates.Forhumanslikeme,thisunexpected____29____ofCOVID-19hasbroughtustoomanydifficulties.Thanksforhavingintroducedyourselftous.Now,youshouldgo.Wecannotallowyoutocontinuetodo____30____itisyoulikeandtocauseanymoreharmtomyworld!Yours,Andy16．A．sad B．happy C．worried D．crazy17．A．kind B．surprising C．pleasant D．cruel18．A．hundred B．thousand C．million D．billion19．A．caused B．made C．produced D．passed20．A．showed B．displayed C．appeared D．hit21．A．changed B．improved C．encouraged D．cleaned22．A．rush B．need C．habit D．increase23．A．further B．less C．deeper D．quicker24．A．danger B．competition C．harm D．cloud25．A．closed B．escaped C．destroyed D．covered26．A．fresh B．popular C．welcomed D．dead27．A．strange B．afraid C．scary D．confident28．A．before B．beside C．behind D．beyond29．A．wave B．round C．season D．circle30．A．however B．whoever C．wherever D．whatever【短文分析】本文是写给新冠肺炎的一封信。主要讲述了新冠肺炎对世界的影响以及作者希望这场灾难能早点结束。【答案解析】16．B【解析】句意：首先，对于你的到来我感到开心。sad伤心的；happy高兴的；worried担心的；crazy疯狂的。根据“Noschoolisalwaysgoodnews.”可知，由于新冠肺炎，不用上学，作者是开心的。故选B。17．D【解析】句意：但是我几乎不知道你将会这么残忍。kind友好的；surprising令人惊讶的；pleasant令人愉快的；cruel残忍的。根据“peoplehavedied”可知，由于新冠肺炎很多人死去，所以新冠肺炎是残忍的。故选D。18．C【解析】句意：因为你，已经有三百多万人死去。hundred百；thousand千；million百万；billion十亿。根据“ButlittledidIknowthatyouweregoingtobesocruel.”和每天新冠肺炎新闻可知，新冠肺炎很残忍，全球范围内已有三百多万人死去。故选C。19．A【解析】句意：你也导致了这么多的问题！caused导致，引起；made使；produced产生；passed通过。根据“Noschool”和“peoplehavedied”以及下文“However,youhavealsocausedhuge”可知，不上学和很多人死去是新冠肺炎导致的问题。故选A。20．C【解析】句意：自从你第一次出现在地球上之后，许多人不得不待在家里。showed展示；displayed展示；appeared出现；hit击中。根据“manypeoplehavehadtostayhome”可知，人们要居家隔离是因为新冠肺炎的出现。故选C。21．B【解析】句意：结果，全世界许多城市的空气质量大大地改善了。changed改变；improved改善；encouraged鼓励；cleaned打扫。根据上文“manypeoplehavehadtostayhome”可知，人们待在家里，空气污染减少，空气质量向好的方向改变。故选B。22．D【解析】句意：然而，你也导致了正在产生的医疗废物数量的大量增加——使用过的口罩、手套和消毒剂瓶。rush匆忙；need需求；habit习惯；increase增加。根据“medicalwastebeingproduced—usedmasks,glovesandbottlesofdisinfectants”可知，随着新冠肺炎的发展，使用过的医疗废弃物的数量大大增加了。故选D。23．A【解析】句意：这在更大程度上危害了环境。further在更大程度上；less较小的；deeper更深的；quicker更快的。根据“hugeincreaseintheamountofmedicalwaste”可知，医疗废弃物的增加会更大程度危害环境。故选A。24．C【解析】句意：第二，你对全世界经济造成了危害。danger危险；competition竞争；harm危害；cloud阴影。根据“Lotsofpeoplehavebeenoutofwork.”和下文提示“Wecannotallowyou…tocauseanymoreharmtomyworld”可知，很多人失业是新冠肺炎造成的经济方面的危害。故选C。25．A【解析】句意：许多企业已经关闭。closed关闭；escaped逃跑；destroyed毁坏；covered覆盖。根据“youhavecausedeconomicharm”可知，新冠肺炎导致的经济方面的另一个危害是企业关闭。故选A。26．D【解析】句意：在许多城市，旅游业已经停滞。fresh新鲜的；popular受欢迎的；welcomed受欢迎的；dead已停滞的。根据“youhavecausedeconomicharm”可知，旅游业的停滞也是新冠肺炎导致的经济方面的危害。故选D。27．B【解析】句意：我们太害怕了不敢去户外和彼此玩儿。strange奇怪的；afraid害怕的，修饰人；scary使人惊慌的，修饰事物；confident自信的。由于新冠肺炎的传播性，孩子们害怕出去。空格处修饰We“我们”，指人。故选B。28．C【解析】句意：贫穷的学生被迫进一步落后于境况较好的同学。before在……之前；beside在……旁边；behind在……后面；beyond超过。根据上文新冠肺炎造成的问题，孩子们不上学待在家里，贫穷的孩子由于各种限制，如上网课设备、如何锻炼身体等，成绩上等方面可能会落后于境况较好的学生。故选C。29．A【解析】句意：对于像我这样的人类来说，这一意想不到的新冠肺炎浪潮给我们带来了太多的问题。wave浪潮；round回合；season季节；circle环状物。根据上文讲到的新冠肺炎带来的一个接一个的问题可知，新冠肺炎是给人们带来一系列问题的浪潮。故选A。30．D【解析】句意：我们不能允许你继续做任何你想做的事，并对我的世界造成更多的伤害！however然而；whoever无论谁；wherever无论什么地方；whatever任何（事物），无论什么。空格处位于do后引导宾语从句。且根据上文“COVID-19hasbroughtustoomanydifficulties.”和“Now,youshouldgo.”可知，作者希望新冠肺炎赶紧消失，不要再为所欲为，想做什么事就做什么事。故选D。三、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分）阅读下面四篇材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。AThenewyearishere!Areyoureadytowelcomeit?Herearesomeevents(事件)in2021youmightwanttoknow.Let’stakealook!WhatKeyWords(关键词)TheCommunistPartyofChina100yearsold(1921-2021)thefirstmeetinginShanghaiworkhardtomakeastrongChinaTheTokyoOlympicsthetorchrelay(火炬传递):March-July,inJapanYangzhouHorticulturalExpogardens(花园)withbeautifulflowersthetheme(主题)“GreenCity,HealthyLife”April8toOct8ThenewmovieTOMandJERRYcomeoutonFebruary26th,intheUScometoChinasoonafterFebruary26th31．Weknow________eventsfromthechart(表格).A．three B．four C．five D．six32．Match(匹配)thepictureswiththeeventsandputtheminorder.A．③④②① B．②①③④ C．③④①② D．④②①③33．Fromthechart,weknow________.A．theCommunistPartyofChinahasits100thbirthdaythisyearB．thetorchrelayofTokyoOlympicsisfromMaytoJulyC．therewillbemuchfoodonsaleatYangzhouHorticulturalExpoD．peopleinChinacanwatchthenewmovieTOMandJERRYonFebruary26th【短文分析】文章主要介绍了2021年的一些事件。【答案解析】31．B【解析】细节理解题。根据表格第一列“TheCommunistPartyofChinaTheTokyoOlympicsYangzhouHorticulturalExpoThenewmovieTOMandJERRY”可知文中列出了四件事。故选B。32．A【解析】排序题。图①是《猫和老鼠》的电影海报，图②是2021扬州园艺博览会的标识；图③是建党100周年；图④是东京奥运会火炬传递。按照文中事件排序是③④②①。故选A。33．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“TheCommunistPartyofChina100yearsold(1921-2021)”可知2021这一年是中国共产党成立100周年。故选A。BIt’scommonlyknownthatgreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxide(CO2)causesglobalwarming.Thewholeworldhasmadegreateffortstoimprovethesituation.Amongthem,thetreesplantedinChinaareplayinganimportantrole.AreportpublishedinNatureshowsthatCO2absorption(吸收)intwonewforestareasinChinaismorethanwethought.ThetwoareasarelocatedinChina’ssouthwesternandnortheasternprovinces.Theymakeupover35percentofChina’scarbonsinks.CarbonsinksarenaturalsystemsthatabsorbandstoreCO2fromtheair.Themainnaturalcarbonsinksaretreesandotherplants.AccordingtoPaulPalmer,theseprovinceshavebeenworkingonrapidforestation(造林)inlargeareas.Overthepast10to15years,theforestareashavekeptincreasingby400-4,400squarekilometersperyear.Chinaisoneoftheworld’sbiggestcountriesofhuman-producedCO2,________.In1978,Chinabegananational-levelforestationproject.ManytreeshaveplantedintheareasofnorthernChinatoactaswindbreaks.Forexample,aboutonethirdoftheKubuqiDesertinInnerMongoliaisnowcoveredwithtrees.In2019,Alipay’sAntForestprogramplanted122milliontreesandwontheUNChampionsoftheEarthawardforhelping500millionpeoplelivelow-carbonlives.China’sgoalistoreachcarbonneutralityby2060.CarbonneutralityreferstoremovingasmuchCO2asoneputsintotheair.IfChina’sgoalisachieved,itwilllowerglobalwarmingbyaround0.2to0.3℃alone,accordingtoClimateActionTracker(CAT).34．China’scarbonsinksaremainlylocatedinthe________.A．southeastandnortheast B．southwestandnortheastC．southeastandnorthwest D．southwestandnorthwest35．InParagraph3,PaulPalmershowsChina’sachievementinforestationby________.A．usingnumbers B．askingquestions C．givingexamples D．makingcomparison36．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe________inParagraph4?A．andithascausedseriousenvironmentalproblemsB．sothegovernmentwilltakestepstostopairpollutionC．thoughmostofChinesepeoplearelivinglow-carbonlivesD．butourcountryhasbeenworkingonreducingitsclimateinfluence37．Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.A．whatcausesglobalwarming B．whatChinadoestolowerglobalwarmingC．whyChinaproducessomuchCO2 D．howtreesabsorbandstoreCO2fromtheair【短文分析】文章主要讲了中国为减缓全球变暖所做的一切。【答案解析】34．B【解析】细节理解题。根据“ThetwoareasarelocatedinChina’ssouthwesternandnortheasternprovinces.Theymakeupover35percentofChina’scarbonsinks.”可知中国的碳汇主要位于西南和东北。故选B。35．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Overthepast10to15years,theforestareashavekeptincreasingby400-4,400squarekilometersperyear.”可知在第三段，PaulPalmer通过列数字展示了中国在造林方面的成就。故选A。36．D【解析】推理判断题。下文讲中国为二氧化碳的产生对其后造成的危害所做的努力，由此可知虽然是世界上人为产生二氧化碳最多的国家之一，但一直在努力改变，设空处用“butourcountryhasbeenworkingonreducingitsclimateinfluence”表示“但我们国家一直在努力减少对气候的影响”。故选D。37．B【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章主要讲了中国为减缓全球变暖所做的一切。故选B。CFromtheSummerOlympicsin2008totheWinterOlympicsin2022,ittookBeijinglessthan14yearstobecomethefirstcitytohostboth.Howmuchdoyou,knowaboutthe2022OlympicWinterGames?TheMotto“TogetherforaSharedFuture”istheofficialmottooftheOlympicWinterGames.ItrepresentsthepoweroftheGamestotakeonglobalchallengesasacommunity,withasharedfutureformankind.TheMascotThemascotisBingDwenDwen,likeacutebabypanda.Itwearsatransparent“shell”.Itlookslikeanastronautinaspacesuit,showingaperfectmixingofwintersportsandmoderntechnology.Aseriesofcoloredfloatinglinesarounditsheadlooklikethetracksonanicerink(冰场).Thecolorfullinesalsostandforfast5Gsignals(信号).TheOpeningCeremonyTheopeningceremonywasheldonFeb.4,2022,orIichun(BeginningofSpring),thefirstofthe24solartermsintheChineselunarcalendar.TheyareusedtocountdownthelastsecondsbeforetheceremonyandshowtheChinesepeople’sunderstandingoftime.GreatAchievementsTheChineseathletesgot9goldmedals,4silvermedalsand2bronzemedals,whichmadeusproud.China’s“SnowPrincess”EileenGugotthehistoricgoldinthewomen’sfreestyleskiing.38．ThedesignofBingDwenDwenincludes________.A．atransparent“shell” B．thetracksonarealicerinkC．aspacesuit D．coloredfloatinglinesaroundthearms39．Foreignersmayknowaboutthe24solartermsthrough________.A．themotto B．themascotC．theopeningceremony D．Chineseathletes’greatachievements40．Chineseathletesgot________medalsinallintheOlympicWinterGames.A．9 B．13 C．15 D．1741．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheOlympicWinterGames?A．The24solartermsshowtheChinesepeople’sunderstandingoftime.B．EileenGugotthehistoricgoldinthewomen’sfreestyleskating.C．Wecouldn’twatchthe2022WinterOlympicsonJanuary28,2022.D．BeijingisthefirstcitytohostboththeSummerandtheWinterOlympics.【短文分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍一些关于奥运会的知识。【答案解析】38．A【解析】细节理解题。根据“Itwearsatransparent‘shell’.”可知，冰墩墩戴着一个透明的“外壳”。故选A。39．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“TheopeningceremonywasheldonFeb.4,2022,orIichun(BeginningofSpring),thefirstofthe24solartermsintheChineselunarcalendar.”可知，可以通过开幕式了解二十四节气，故选C。40．C【解析】细节理解题。根据“TheChineseathletesgot9goldmedals,4silvermedalsand2bronzemedals”可知，中国运动员获得9枚金牌，4枚银牌和2枚铜牌，一共15枚。故选C。41．B【解析】推理判断题。根据“EileenGugotthehistoricgoldinthewomen’sfreestyleskiing.”可知，谷爱凌在女子自由式滑雪项目中获得了历史性的金牌，不是滑冰。故选B。DOnNov8,WangYaping,afemaletaikonautofShenzhouXIIImission,becameChina’sfirstandtheworld’s16thfemalespacewalker.Theexpectedsix-monthjourneyinspacehasleftmanycuriousaboutthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemaleastronauts,especiallyintermsofperformingextravehicular(舱外的)activities(EVAs).Despite(即使)physicalchallenges,femaleastronautshaveunique(独一无二的)advantages.UnderstandingbetweenastronautsisveryimportantforcarryingoutEVAs,whichisbasedonexcellentcommunicationskills.Womenaresuperior(更好的)incommunicationandlanguageexpression,andthishelpsfemaleastronautsdoextravehicularactivities,accordingtoYangYuguang,vicechairofSpaceTransportationCommitteeoftheInternationalAstronauticalFederation.Menandwomenaredifferentinbodysize,whichalsogiveswomenuniqueadvantagesforspacewalks.“Theirgenerallysmallersizeisanadvantage,aswomenwillbeabletocontroltheirweightbetterandperformawidervarietyoftasks,”PangtoldChinaDaily.Womeningeneralweighless,eatlessfood,consumelessoxygen(氧气),andthereforerequiredlessfuel(燃料)togetintospace.Ataikonautmustweighbetween55kilogramsand70kilogramstofitinthecabinofspacecraftandconsumelessfuel,accordingtoCGIN.Adifferentbodyshaperequiresadifferentspacesuit.Atailor-madespacesuitwaspreparedforWang’sextravehicularactivities,whichwaslighterthanthemales’.Designersoptimizedthepatternofthisspacesuitinthelowerlimb(下肢)areatomakeitmoresuitableforastronautswithslimmerfigures.AccordingtoPang,manystudieshavefoundthatfemaleastronautsaremoresuitableforspacemissions,andhaveadvantagesovermaleastronautsinqualitiessuchasattentiontodetailandthinkingcomprehensively(全面地).Mentendtoexcelinshorter-term,goal-oriented(目标导向的)situationswhilewomenarebetterinlonger-termhabitation-type(居住类)circumstances,accordingtoNationalGeographic.Women’sparticipationinEVAsisanintegral(不可缺少的)partofspacemissions,andwearewitnessinghistorythankstoWang’sbravery,accordingtoYang.42．WhatdoweknowaboutWang’sextravehicularactivities?A．Sheisthefirsteverfemalespacewalker.B．Themissionwasplannedtoshowgenderequality.C．Sheperformedsometasksthathermalepartnerscouldn’tdo.D．Thespacesuitsheworewasspeciallydesigned.43．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimize”meaninthispassage?A．makesomethingbetter B．makesomethingworseC．makesomethingcolourful D．makesomethingcolourless44．Whichofthefollowingisanadvantagefemaleshaveovermaleastronauts?A．Femaleshavebettercommunicationskills.B．Femalesdealwithgoal-orientedsituationsbetterthanmales.C．Femalebodiesarestrongerandmoreflexible.D．Femalescanadapttospacemorequickly.45．What’sthemainideaofthearticle?A．Thechallengesfemaleastronautsfaceduringaspacewalk.B．Theimportanceoffemalesdoingextravehicularactivities.C．Theadvantagesoffemalesdoingextravehicularactivities.D．Thepreparationsforthefemalestocarryoutspacemission.【短文分析】本文通过中国女性宇航员王亚平进行太空舱外活动，介绍女性宇航员进行太空活动的优势。【答案解析】42．D【解析】推理判断题。根据“Atailor-madespacesuitwaspreparedforWang’sextravehicularactivities,whichwaslighterthanthemales’.Designersoptimizedthepatternofthisspacesuitinthelowerlimb(下肢)areatomakeitmoresuitableforastronautswithslimmerfigures.”可知，王亚平穿的太空服是专门为她设计的，故选D。43．A【解析】词义猜测题。根据“tomakeitmoresuitableforastronautswithslimmerfigures.”可知，使太空服更适合身材苗条的宇航员，因此是优化了太空服。故选A。44．A【解析】推理判断题。根据“UnderstandingbetweenastronautsisveryimportantforcarryingoutEVAs,whichisbasedonexcellentcommunicationskills.Womenaresuperior(更好的)incommunicationandlanguageexpression,andthishelpsfemaleastronautsdoextravehicularactivities,”可知，女性宇航员有更好的沟通和语言表达能力，这是女性宇航员比男性宇航员优越的地方，故选A。45．C【解析】主旨大意题。根据“Theexpectedsix-monthjourneyinspacehasleftmanycuriousaboutthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemaleastronauts,especiallyintermsofperformingextravehicular(舱外的)activities(EVAs).Despite(即使)physicalchallenges,femaleastronautshaveunique(独一无二的)advantages.”可知，本文主要介绍了女性宇航员进行太空舱外活动的优势，故选C。试卷II(非选择题,共50分）四、词汇运用（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分）A.用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。rise,lookfor,polite,except,warm46．Dale_________hisschoolbagwhenyoucalledhimyesterdayafternoon.47．Theoldareexpectedtobetreatedwithkindnessand_________.48．Thepriceoftomatoes_________alotinthepastfewyears.49．It’svery_________forteenagerstotalkloudlyinpublic.50．Allofuswenthiking_________Frank,hehadtopreparetheexam.【答案解析】46．waslookingfor【解析】句意：你昨天下午打电话给戴尔时，他正在找书包。此处需要动词作谓语，根据“Dale...hisschoolbag”可知，是寻找书包，lookfor“寻找”，结合“whenyoucalledhimyesterdayafternoon”可知，强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故填waslookingfor。47．warmth【解析】句意：老年人应该受到善意和温暖的对待。根据“Theoldareexpectedtobetreatedwithkindnessand...”可知，老年人应该受到善意和温暖的对待，在介词后作宾语，用warm的名词warmth作宾语，故填warmth。48．hasrisen【解析】句意：过去几年西红柿的价格上涨了很多。此处需要动词作谓语，根据“Thepriceoftomatoes...alot”可知，西红柿价格上涨，rise“增加”，结合“inthepastfewyears”可知，时态是现在完成时，故填hasrisen。49．impolite【解析】句意：青少年在公共场合大声说话是很不礼貌的。根据“talkloudlyinpublic”可知，在公共场合大声说话是很不礼貌的，用polite的反义词impolite作表语，故填impolite。50．except【解析】句意：除了弗兰克，我们都去远足了，他必须准备考试。根据“Allofuswenthiking...Frank,hehadtopreparetheexam.”可知，弗兰克必须准备考试，所以除了他其他人都去远足了，except“除了”符合语境，故填except。B.阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。Shadowpuppetryisatraditionalandimportant___51___(民间的，民俗的)artinChina.ItshistorycouldbetracedbacktotheHanDynasty.Itwas___52___(广泛地)performedintheTangDynasty.However,unlikefilm,shadowpuppetryhasbeendisappearingfromthestage.RecentlyChineseartistshavebeentryingtohelpitsurvive.Their___53___(努力)hasgotencouragementand___54___(支持)fromthegovernment.In2011,theshadowpuppetrywasaddedtoUNESCO’sIntangibleCulturalHeritage___55___(清单).Mostofthepuppets(木偶)weremadeofleathersfromanimals,likedonkeysandsheep.Theleathersmustbecarefullychosen,polishedand___56___(加工，处理).Whentheleathersbecome___57___(平滑的)enough,theartistswouldpaintthecharactersonit,andthencarvethemoutwithdifferenttools.Thebodypartsofthepuppetsareseparatelycutoutandjoinedtogether,sothattheycouldhave24movablejoints(活动关节).Puppeteersholdthemwithrods(竿)whichare___58___(连接)totheirmostimportantjointsduringperformances.Theexperiencedpuppeteerscouldoperatefiverodsononepuppetwithonlyonehand.Mostofthemshowinterestinpuppetry,sotheycanplayseveraltraditionalmusical___59___(器械，仪器).Theyarealsoneededtosinglocaloperas,andhaveagood___60___(感觉)ofrhythm.【短文分析】本文主要介绍了皮影戏历史、制造、表演和传承。【答案解析】51．folk【解析】句意：皮影戏是中国传统而重要的民间艺术。folk“民间的，民俗的”，作定语修饰art，故填folk。52．widely【解析】句意：它在唐代被广泛表演。widely“广泛地”，在句中修饰动词，故填widely。53．effort【解析】句意：他们的努力得到了政府的鼓励和支持。effort“努力”，在句中作主语，故填effort。54．support【解析】句意：他们的努力得到了政府的鼓励和支持。support“支持”，在句中作宾语，故填support。55．list【解析】句意：2011年，皮影戏被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。list“清单”，在句中作宾语，故填list。56．processed【解析】句意：皮革必须经过精心挑选、抛光和加工。process“加工，处理”，此处用于含情态动词的被动语态结构中，使用过去分词形式，故填processed。57．smooth【解析】句意：当皮革变得足够光滑时，艺术家会在上面画上人物，然后用不同的工具雕刻出来。smooth“平滑的”，在句中作表语，故填smooth。58．connected【解析】句意：木偶戏演员在表演时用木棒将木偶戏与木偶戏最重要的关节相连。connect“连接”，用于一般现在时的被动语态中，使用过去分词形式，故填connected。59．instruments【解析】句意：他们中的大多数人都对木偶戏感兴趣，所以他们会演奏几种传统乐器。instrument“器械，仪器”，此前有several修饰，使用名词复数形式，故填instruments。60．sense【解析】句意：他们还需要唱地方戏剧，有良好的节奏感。sense“感觉”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填sense。五、语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共计10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。TheMid-AutumnFestivalisoneofthemostimportanttraditionalChinesefestivals.It____61____(celebrate)onAugust15thofthelunarcalendar(农历).Itisatimeforfamilymembers____62____(get)togetherandhaveabigmeal.MooncakesareasymboloftheMid-AutumnFestival____63____theyareinashapeofafallmoonontheMid-Autumnnight.Theycarrypeopledwishestothefamiliestheyloveandmiss.TherearemanytraditionalfolkstoriesaboutthisfestivalandthestoryofChang’eisthoughttobe____64____(touching)ofall.AfterHouYi,herhusband,shotdowntheninesuns,agoddessthankedhimby____65____(give)himmagicmedicine,____66____,abadmancalledPangMengtriedtostealthemedicine.Chang’erefused____67____(give)ittohimandtookitall.Shebecamesolight____68____sheflewuptothemoon.HowHouYimissed____69____!Afterthis,peoplestartedthe____70____(traditional)ofadmiringthemoonandsharingmooncakeswiththeirfamilies.【短文分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统节日以及关于中秋节的民间故事。【答案解析】61．iscelebrated【解析】句意：中秋节在农历八月十五被（人们）庆祝。It指代的是前面出现的“TheMid-AutumnFestival”，结合所给单词，celebrate“庆祝”，中秋节是被庆祝，主语是It，时态是一般现在时，被动语态结构bedone，故填iscelebrated。62．toget【解析】句意：这是家庭成员聚在一起吃一顿大餐的时候。【解析】根据“Itisatimeforfamilymembers”可知，句子结构itisatimetodosth.“是时间做某事了。”，故填toget。63．because【解析】句意：月饼是中秋节的象征，因为他们的形状和中秋节满月是一样的。【解析】根据“MooncakesareasymboloftheMid-AutumnFestival”和“theyareinashapeofafallmoonontheMid-Autumnnight.”可知，因为月饼的形状像是八月十五的满月，所以被当作了中秋节的象征，两者之间是因果关系，后者是前者的原因，空处填写表示原因的连词，故填because。64．themosttouching【解析】句意：关于这个节日有很多传统的民间故事，其中嫦娥的故事被认为是最感人的。【解析】根据“Therearemanytraditionalfolkstories”和“ofall”可知，在很多故事中比较，使用最高级，结构是the+最高级。【解析】根据所给单词提示，故填themosttouching。65．giving【解析】句意：一位女神为了感谢他给了他一种神奇的药品。【解析】根据“agoddessthankedhimby”可知，by表示“通过……”，后接动名词表示“通过做某事”，结合所给单词，故填giving。66．However【解析】句意：然而一个叫庞猛的坏人试图偷走他的药。【解析】根据“agoddessthankedhimbygivinghimmagicmedicine”和“abadmancalledPangMengtriedtostealthemedicine.”可知，一个女神给了后羿仙药，有一个坏人摇头走它，两句之间是转折关系，故填转折连词，句首单词首字母大写，故填However。67．togive【解析】句意：嫦娥拒绝给他，并把它全部拿走了。【解析】根据“Chang’erefused”可知，refusetodosth“拒绝做某事”，结合所给单词，故填togive。68．that【解析】句意：她变得很轻，以至于飞到了月亮上面。【解析】根据“Shebecamesolight…sheflewuptothemoon.”可知，so…that…“如此……以至于……”，她变轻了所以飞上了月球，故填that。69．her【解析】句意：后羿是多么想念她呀！【解析】根据句子结构可知，这是一句感叹句。结构是How+主语+谓语+宾语！【解析】根据“sheflewuptothemoon.”可知，后羿是想念他的妻子，使用人称代词宾格，故填her。70．tradition【解析】句意：在这之后，人们开始了赏月和一家人分享月饼的传统。【解析】根据“peoplestartedthe…ofadmiringthemoonandsharingmooncakeswiththeirfamilies.”可知，空处缺少名词，人们开始了赏月和吃月饼的传统。tradition“传统”，名词，故填tradition。六、阅读（本题有5小题，每小题1分，共计5分）阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A-E五个选项中选择正确的选项（其中一项是多余选项），将其序号填入71-74题，并回答75题。Nowadays,Personalmedias（自媒体）areverypopular.____71____AmyLyonsisanAustralian.ShehastastedhundredsofChinesedishesinover60citiesandmadevideostoshareherloveofChinainthepasteightyears.“Chinaisacountrywithoverfivethousandyears’history.IaminterestedinChinesefood,historyandculture”,saidAmy.____72____AmyfirstcametoChinaasanexchangestudent（交换生）atShanghai-basedFudanUniversityin2014.“PeopleweresofriendlyinChina.IwanttodoeverythingIcantostayhere,”shesaid.____73____SoshecamebacktoChinatostudyChineseatTsinghuaUniversityin2017.AmynotonlyenjoyedChinesefood,butalsoenjoyedtravellingaroundChina.“IhavebeentoGansuProvince.____74____AndIhaveseensomeofthemostbeautifullandscapes（风景）inmylife,”shesaid.“However,hereinSydney,wehavelotsofamazingChineserestaurants,”saidAmy.AmysaidshewouldcomebacktoChinawheninternationaltravelisallowedandhernextstopwouldbeChangchun,Northeas