2025考研英语阅读理解专项练习卷

2025考研英语阅读理解专项练习卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTherapidpaceoftechnologicalchangeinthe21stcenturyhasledtounprecedentedshiftsintheglobaleconomyandthewayweliveourlives.Whilemanyoftheseadvancementshavebroughtaboutsignificantimprovementsinconvenienceandefficiency,theyhavealsogivenrisetoanewsetofchallengesthatsocietymustconfront.Oneofthemostpressingissuesistheimpactofautomationandartificialintelligence(AI)onthelabormarket.Asmachinesbecomeincreasinglycapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans,thereisalegitimateconcernthatwidespreadjobdisplacementcouldoccur,leadingtoincreasedunemploymentandeconomicinequality.However,itisnotnecessarilythecasethattechnologyinevitablyleadstonegativeoutcomes.Proponentsoftechnologicalprogressarguethatwhilesomejobsmaybeautomated,newoneswillinevitablyemergeinfieldsrelatedtothedevelopment,maintenance,andethicalgovernanceofthesetechnologies.Moreover,technologycanalsoserveasapowerfultooltoenhancehumancapabilitiesandimprovequalityoflife.Forinstance,medicaltechnologieshaveextendedlifespansandenhancedourunderstandingofdiseases,whiledigitalplatformshavedemocratizedaccesstoinformationandeducationonanunprecedentedscale.Thechallenge,therefore,liesnotinrejectingtechnology,butinmanagingitsintegrationintosocietyinawaythatmaximizesitsbenefitswhilemitigatingitsrisks.Thisrequiresproactivepoliciesfromgovernmentsandinstitutions,includinginvestmentsineducationandretrainingprogramstohelpworkersadapttothechangingdemandsofthejobmarket.Italsonecessitatesabroadersocietalconversationaboutthenatureofwork,thevalueofhumanskills,andtheethicalconsiderationssurroundingtheuseofAIandautomation.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemostpressingissuesrelatedtotechnologicaladvancements?2.Whatisthemainargumentoftheproponentsoftechnologicalprogress?3.Theword"democratized"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryformanagingtheintegrationoftechnologyintosociety?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?PassageTwoInrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinsustainablelivingpracticesamongthegeneralpublic.Thismovement,drivenbyconcernsaboutclimatechange,environmentaldegradation,andresourcedepletion,encouragesindividualstoadoptlifestylesthatarelessharmfultotheplanet.Keycomponentsofsustainablelivingincludereducingconsumption,minimizingwaste,conservingenergy,andsupportinglocalandeco-friendlyproducts.Theshifttowardssustainabilityisnotmerelyanenvironmentalissue;italsohasprofoundeconomicandsocialimplications.Economically,sustainablepracticescanfosterinnovation,createnewmarkets,andleadtothedevelopmentofgreentechnologiesthatgeneratelong-termeconomicbenefits.Socially,itcanstrengthencommunitybondsbypromotinglocalinitiativesandfosteringasenseofcollectiveresponsibilityfortheenvironment.Moreover,sustainablelivingoftenalignswithprinciplesofsocialjustice,asittendstoprioritizethewell-beingofmarginalizedcommunitieswhoaredisproportionatelyaffectedbyenvironmentalharms.However,thetransitiontoamoresustainablewayoflifeisnotwithoutitschallenges.Itrequiressignificantchangesinindividualbehaviorandofteninvolveshighercostsintheshortterm.Forinstance,switchingtorenewableenergysourcesorpurchasingorganic,locallygrownfoodcanbemoreexpensivethantheirconventionalalternatives.Additionally,thereisaneedforbroadersystemicchanges,suchaspoliciesthatincentivizesustainablepracticesandregulationsthatphaseoutenvironmentallyharmfulsubstances.Despitethesechallenges,themomentumbehindsustainablelivingisundeniable.Asmorepeoplebecomeawareoftheimportanceofenvironmentalstewardshipandthebenefitsofsustainablepractices,thelikelihoodofachievingamoresustainablefutureincreases.Thekeyliesinfosteringaculturethatvaluessustainabilityandencouragesbothindividualactionandcollectiveresponsibility.Questions:6.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeoftheeconomicbenefitsofsustainablepractices?8.Theword"disproportionately"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.Whatisoneofthechallengesmentionedinthepassageregardingthetransitiontosustainableliving?10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisthekeytoachievingamoresustainablefuture?PassageThreeTheroleofeducationinshapinganindividual'sfutureisundeniable.Beyondprovidingfoundationalknowledgeandskills,educationservesasapowerfulengineforpersonalgrowth,socialmobility,andeconomicdevelopment.However,theeffectivenessofeducationsystemsvariessignificantlyacrossdifferentregionsandsocioeconomiccontexts.Oneofthemostsignificantfactorsinfluencingeducationaloutcomesisthequalityofteaching.High-qualityteachersareessentialforcreatingengagingandeffectivelearningenvironments.Theypossessnotonlydeepsubjectmatterknowledgebutalsotheabilitytoinspirestudents,adapttheirteachingmethodstomeetdiverselearningneeds,andfostercriticalthinkingskills.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatstudentstaughtbyeffectiveteacherstendtoperformbetteracademicallyandaremorelikelytopursuehighereducationandsecurebetter-payingjobsinthefuture.Moreover,goodteacherscanmakeaprofoundimpactonstudents'socialandemotionaldevelopment,helpingthembecomewell-roundedindividuals.Despitetheimportanceofqualityteaching,therearesignificantchallengesinensuringaccesstoeffectiveeducators.Inmanypartsoftheworld,particularlyindevelopingcountries,schoolsstrugglewithshortagesoftrainedteachers,inadequateresources,andpoorworkingconditions.Theseissuesareoftencompoundedbysocioeconomicdisparities,asschoolsinwealthierareastendtoattractandretainmorequalifiedteachers.Theresultisagapineducationaloutcomesbetweendifferentregionsandsocioeconomicgroups,perpetuatingcyclesofpovertyandinequality.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproach.Governmentsandeducationalinstitutionsneedtoinvestinteachertrainingandprofessionaldevelopmentprogramstoimprovethequalityofteaching.Additionally,effortsshouldbemadetoattractandretainteachersinunderservedareas,possiblythroughincentivessuchashighersalaries,betterbenefits,andprofessionalrecognition.Furthermore,thereisaneedforpoliciesthatensureequitabledistributionofresourcesandopportunitiesacrossallschools.Ultimately,investingineducation,particularlyinthequalityofteaching,isaninvestmentinthefuture.Bycreatinginclusiveandeffectivelearningenvironments,wecanempowerindividualstoreachtheirfullpotentialandcontributetothedevelopmentofmoreequitableandprosperoussocieties.Questions:11.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemostsignificantfactorsinfluencingeducationaloutcomes?12.Whataresomeofthechallengesmentionedinthepassageregardingaccesstoqualityeducation?13.Theword"multifaceted"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestistheultimategoalofinvestingineducation?15.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?PassageFourInthedigitalage,theinternethasbecomeanindispensabletoolforcommunication,informationaccess,andentertainment.However,thepervasivenatureofdigitaltechnologyhasalsogivenrisetoanewformofsocialisolation,oftenreferredtoas"digitalloneliness."Thisphenomenonreferstothefeelingofdisconnectionandlonelinessexperiencedbyindividualswhoarehighlyengagedwithdigitaldevicesandonlineplatforms,despitehavingnumeroussocialconnections.Digitallonelinessisacomplexissuewithmultiplecontributingfactors.Onekeyfactoristhenatureofonlineinteractions,whichoftenlackthedepthandintimacyofface-to-facecommunication.Whilesocialmediaplatformsallowustomaintainconnectionswithothers,theyofteninvolvesuperficialexchangesthatdonotfulfillourfundamentalneedformeaningfulsocialinteraction.Moreover,theconstantcomparisonandcompetitioninherentinsocialmediacanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandsocialanxiety.Anotherfactorcontributingtodigitallonelinessisthephenomenonof"phubbing,"orphonesnubbing,whereindividualsaredistractedbytheirmobiledevicesduringin-personinteractions,effectivelydisconnectingfromthosearoundthem.Thiscanleadtoabreakdownincommunicationandasenseofbeingignoredordisvaluedbyothers.Additionally,thepressuretopresentaperfectonlinepersonacanbeexhaustingandleadtofeelingsofisolationanddisconnectionfromone'sauthenticself.Addressingdigitallonelinessrequiresaconsciousefforttobalanceourdigitalliveswithreal-worldexperiences.Itisessentialtoprioritizeface-to-faceinteractionsandengageinactivitiesthatfosterdeepconnectionswithothers.Thismightinvolvelimitingscreentime,participatinginofflinesocialactivities,andcultivatinghobbiesthatinvolvein-personcollaboration.Additionally,itisimportanttodevelopacriticalperspectiveondigitaltechnologyanditsroleinourlives,recognizingitspotentialpitfallswhilestillleveragingitsbenefits.Ultimately,thegoalshouldbetoharnessthepowerofdigitaltechnologyinawaythatenhancesoursociallivesratherthandetractingfromthem.Bybeingmindfulofhowweusetechnologyandmakingaconsciousefforttomaintainmeaningfulconnectionsintherealworld,wecanmitigatetherisksofdigitallonelinessandfosterahealthierrelationshipwithtechnology.Questions:16.Whatisthemainconceptdiscussedinthepassage?17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonereasonwhyonlineinteractionsmaynotfulfillourneedformeaningfulsocialinteraction?18.Theword"inherent"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:19.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasonewaytoaddressdigitalloneliness?20.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?---试卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.D*解析思路：文章首段直接提出“最紧迫的问题”是自动化和人工智能对劳动力市场的影响，即担心大规模失业和经济不平等。选项D（自动化和人工智能对劳动力市场的影响）与文章首段主旨一致。2.C*解析思路：文章第二段主要论述了技术进步的支持者观点，他们认为虽然一些工作会被自动化，但新的工作也会出现，技术也能提升人类能力改善生活质量。选项C（虽然一些工作会被自动化，但新的工作也会出现，并且技术也能提升人类能力）概括了这一核心论点。3.B*解析思路：根据上下文，“democratizedaccesstoinformationandeducation”指的是让信息和教育更加普及和平等，不再局限于少数人。选项B（使...普及和平等）与原文语境最接近。4.A*解析思路：文章第四段明确指出，管理技术融入社会需要“政府和非政府机构采取积极主动的政策”，包括投资教育和再培训项目。选项A（政府和非政府机构采取积极主动的政策）直接对应原文建议。5.E*解析思路：文章对比了技术进步的潜在风险和机遇，并强调管理的关键在于平衡利弊。这暗示了技术发展并非只有负面或正面，而是需要智慧地引导。选项E（技术发展需要智慧地引导和管理以实现其潜力）符合此推论。PassageTwo6.A*解析思路：文章首段点明主旨，即近年来公众对可持续生活实践的日益增长的兴趣，并指出这是由对气候变化、环境恶化和资源枯竭的担忧所驱动的。选项A（近年来公众对可持续生活实践的日益增长的兴趣）概括了文章核心内容。7.D*解析思路：文章第三段提到可持续实践的经济效益，包括“培养创新”、“创造新的市场”以及“发展绿色技术从而带来长期经济效益”。选项D（培养创新、创造新的市场和开发绿色技术）涵盖了这些要点。8.B*解析思路：根据上下文，“disproportionatelyaffected”指的是那些受环境危害影响更大、更不成比例的人群。选项B（不成比例地）与原文语境最接近。9.C*解析思路：文章第三段提到，向可持续生活方式的转变面临的挑战之一是“在短期内可能涉及更高的成本”，例如切换到可再生能源或购买本地有机食品可能比传统替代品更贵。选项C（在短期内可能涉及更高的成本）对应原文信息。10.B*解析思路：文章最后一段指出，随着越来越多的人意识到环境管理的önem和可持续实践的好处，“实现更可持续未来的可能性会增加”。这表明培