高中英语高一《Be Sporty Be Healthy》词汇用法归纳及强化训练教学设计

高中英语高一《BeSportyBeHealthy》词汇用法归纳及强化训练教学设计一、重点单词详解1.congratulatev.祝贺；恭喜【单词拓展】congratulationn.祝贺；恭喜（复数形式：congratulations）congratulatoryadj.祝贺的；恭喜的【常见搭配】congratulatesbonsth因某事向某人祝贺offercongratulationstosb向某人致以祝贺sendcongratulations发送祝贺【典型例句】(1)Wecongratulatedheronwinningthepetition.我们为她赢得比赛表示祝贺。(2)Congratulationsonyourpromotion!恭喜你升职！2.assumev.假定；认为；承担【单词拓展】assumptionn.假定；假设assumedadj.假定的；假装的【常见搭配】that...that...假定……assumeresponsibility承担责任assumeanewrole担任新角色【典型例句】(1)Iassumethatyouhavefinishedyourhomework.我假定你已经完成了作业。(2)Heassumedtheleadershipofthepanylastyear.他去年担任了公司的领导职务。3.tendv.倾向于；照料【单词拓展】tendencyn.趋势；倾向tenderadj.温柔的；嫩的【常见搭配】tendtodosth倾向于做某事tendtosb/sth照料某人/某物tendtowardssth趋向于某物【典型例句】(1)Peopletendtogetuplateonweekends.人们周末往往起得晚。(2)Shetendstohergardeneverymorning.她每天早上打理花园。4.reducev.减少；降低；使沦为【单词拓展】reductionn.减少；降低reducedadj.减少的；降价的【常见搭配】by...esthby...使某物减少……to...esthto...把某物降低到……reducepollution减少污染【典型例句】(1)Thefactoryplanstoreduceemissionsby50%.这家工厂计划将排放量减少50%。(2)Thefirereducedthehousetoashes.大火把房子烧成了灰烬。5.routinen.常规；惯例adj.日常的；例行的【单词拓展】routinelyadv.例行地；常规地routinenessn.常规；平凡【常见搭配】dailyroutine日常惯例followaroutine遵循惯例breaktheroutine打破常规【典型例句】(1)Mymorningroutineincludesjoggingandreading.我的晨间惯例包括慢跑和阅读。(2)Wehavearoutinecheckoftheequipmenteverymonth.我们每月对设备进行例行检查。6.stretchv.伸展；拉长；延伸n.伸展；一段路程【单词拓展】stretchingn.拉伸；伸展stretchyadj.有弹性的【常见搭配】stretchone'sarms/legs伸展胳膊/腿stretchout伸出；伸展astretchofroad一段路【典型例句】(1)Hestretchedouthishandtograbthebook.他伸出手去拿那本书。(2)Theforeststretchesformiles.这片森林绵延数英里。7.rangen.范围；一系列；山脉v.（在……内）变动【单词拓展】rangedadj.排列的；分类的rangyadj.修长的；范围广的【常见搭配】arangeofsth一系列某物from...to...from...to...从……到……变动inrange在范围内【典型例句】(1)Thestoresellsawiderangeofsportsequipment.这家商店出售各种各样的运动器材。(2)Temperaturesrangefrom5to15degreestoday.今天的气温在5到15度之间变化。8.energyn.能量；精力；活力【单词拓展】energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的energeticallyadv.精力充沛地【常见搭配】saveenergy节约能源physicalenergy体力fullofenergy充满活力【典型例句】(1)Childrenarealwaysfullofenergy.孩子们总是充满活力。(2)Solarenergyisakindofcleanenergy.太阳能是一种清洁能源。9.averageadj.平均的；普通的n.平均数；平均水平adv.平均地【单词拓展】averagelyadv.平均地；普通地averagenessn.普通；平庸【常见搭配】onaverage平均来说theaverageof...……的平均数aboveaverage高于平均水平【典型例句】(1)Onaverage,wespendtwohoursonhomeworkeveryday.平均来说，我们每天花两小时做作业。(2)Hisgradesarebelowaverageintheclass.他的成绩在班里处于平均水平以下。10.throughoutprep.遍及；贯穿adv.自始至终；到处【常见搭配】throughoutthecountry遍及全国throughouttheyear全年throughoutone'slife一生之中【典型例句】(1)Thenewsspreadthroughouttheworld.这个消息传遍了全世界。(2)Shekeptsilentthroughoutthemeeting.她在整个会议中都保持沉默。11.injuryn.伤害；损害；受伤处【单词拓展】injurev.伤害；损害injuredadj.受伤的；受损害的【常见搭配】sufferaninjury受伤seriousinjury重伤avoidinjury避免受伤【典型例句】(1)Hesufferedaleginjuryintheaccident.他在事故中腿部受伤。(2)Wearingahelmetcanpreventheadinjury.戴头盔可以防止头部受伤。12.preventv.防止；预防；阻止【单词拓展】preventionn.预防；阻止preventiveadj.预防性的；预防的【常见搭配】preventsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事preventdisease预防疾病preventaccidents防止事故【典型例句】(1)Washinghandscanpreventusfromgettingsick.洗手能防止我们生病。(2)Weshouldtakemeasurestopreventwaterpollution.我们应该采取措施防止水污染。13.equipmentn.设备；装备【单词拓展】equipv.装备；配备equippedadj.装备齐全的【常见搭配】sportsequipment运动器材officeequipment办公设备maintainequipment维护设备【典型例句】(1)Thegymhasalotofnewsportsequipment.这家健身房有很多新的运动器材。(2)Weneedtoequipthelabwithadvancedinstruments.我们需要给实验室配备先进的仪器。14.lackv.缺乏；没有n.缺乏；不足【单词拓展】lackingadj.缺乏的；不足的lacklusteradj.无光泽的；无生气的【常见搭配】lackofsth缺乏某物lackmoney/time缺钱/时间belackinginsth缺乏某物【典型例句】(1)Helacksthecouragetospeakinpublic.他缺乏在公众面前讲话的勇气。(2)Thereisalackofwaterinthisarea.这个地区缺水。15.maintainv.维持；保持；维护【单词拓展】maintenancen.维护；保养；维持maintainableadj.可维持的；可维护的【常见搭配】maintainhealth保持健康maintainarelationship维持关系maintainequipment维护设备【典型例句】(1)Regularexercisehelpsmaintainahealthyweight.规律运动有助于保持健康的体重。(2)It'simportanttomaintainthemachineregularly.定期维护机器很重要。16.announcev.宣布；宣告；通知【单词拓展】announcementn.公告；宣告；通知announcern.播音员；宣告者【常见搭配】announcesthtosb向某人宣布某事announcearesult公布结果announcethenews播报新闻【典型例句】(1)Theheadmasterannouncedthenewschoolrulesattheopeningceremony.校长在开学典礼上宣布了新的校规。(2)Thegovernmentannouncedaplantoimprovepublictransportyesterday.政府昨天宣布了一项改善公共交通的计划。17.updatev.更新；使现代化n.更新；最新消息【单词拓展】updatedadj.更新的；现代化的updatern.更新程序；更新者【常见搭配】updatesth更新某物getanupdate获得最新消息latestupdate最新更新【典型例句】(1)Ineedtoupdatemyphonesoftware.我需要更新手机软件。(2)Wereceivedanupdateontheprojectthismorning.我们今天早上收到了项目的最新消息。18.replacev.替换；取代；把……放回原处【单词拓展】replacementn.替换；更换；替代品replaceableadj.可替换的；可取代的【常见搭配】replaceAwithB用B替换Areplacesth替换某物bereplacedby被……取代【典型例句】(1)Wereplacedtheoldsofawithanewone.我们用新沙发换掉了旧沙发。(2)Lettersaregraduallyreplacedbyemails.信件逐渐被电子邮件取代。19.hesitatev.犹豫；迟疑；踌躇【单词拓展】hesitationn.犹豫；迟疑hesitantadj.犹豫的；迟疑的【常见搭配】hesitatetodosth犹豫做某事withouthesitation毫不犹豫hesitateaboutsth对某事犹豫不决【典型例句】(1)Don'thesitatetoaskforhelpifyouneedit.如果你需要帮助，别犹豫，尽管说。(2)Shehesitatedforamomentbeforeansweringthequestion.她在回答问题前犹豫了一下。20.admitv.承认；准许进入；接纳【单词拓展】admissionn.承认；入场费；录取admissibleadj.可接纳的；可承认的【常见搭配】admitdoingsth承认做过某事admitthat...承认……admitsbto/intosth准许某人进入某物（某处）【典型例句】(1)Headmittedmakingamistakeinthereport.他承认在报告中犯了一个错误。(2)Shewasadmittedtoafamousuniversitylastyear.她去年被一所名牌大学录取了。21.inspirev.鼓舞；激励；赋予灵感【单词拓展】inspirationn.灵感；鼓舞；激励inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；激励的【常见搭配】inspiresbtodosth激励某人做某事beinspiredby受……鼓舞inspireconfidence激发信心【典型例句】(1)Herstoryinspiredustoworkharder.她的故事激励我们更加努力工作。(2)Thebeautifulsceneryinspiredthepoettowritepoems.美丽的景色给诗人带来了创作灵感。22.explorev.探索；探究；勘探【单词拓展】explorationn.探索；探究；勘探exploratoryadj.探索性的；勘探的【常见搭配】exploreaplace探索一个地方exploreideas探究想法explorenewpossibilities探索新的可能性【典型例句】(1)TheyplantoexploretheAmazonrainforestnextyear.他们计划明年去探索亚马逊雨林。(2)Weneedtoexplorenewwaystosolvetheproblem.我们需要探索解决这个问题的新方法。23.inspirationn.灵感；鼓舞；激励【单词拓展】inspirev.鼓舞；激励；赋予灵感inspirationaladj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的【常见搭配】drawinspirationfrom从……中汲取灵感asourceofinspiration灵感来源creativeinspiration创作灵感【典型例句】(1)Shedrawsinspirationfromnature.她从大自然中汲取灵感。(2)Hisspeechwasagreatinspirationtous.他的演讲给了我们很大的鼓舞。24.satisfactionn.满意；满足；欣慰【单词拓展】satisfyv.使满意；使满足；满足（需求）satisfiedadj.满意的；满足的satisfyingadj.令人满意的；令人满足的【常见搭配】withsatisfaction满意地toone'ssatisfaction令某人满意的是satisfactionwithsth对某事的满意【典型例句】(1)Hesmiledwithsatisfactionathisfinishedwork.他看着完成的作品，满意地笑了。(2)Tomysatisfaction,allthestudentspassedtheexam.令我满意的是，所有学生都通过了考试。25.existv.存在；生存【单词拓展】existencen.存在；生存existentadj.存在的；现存的existingadj.现存的；现行的【常见搭配】existin...存在于……中existon...靠……生存eintoexistence产生；成立【典型例句】(1)Manyrareanimalsexistinthedeepforest.许多珍稀动物存在于密林之中。(2)Hecanbarelyexistonthelowsalary.他靠这份微薄的工资几乎难以生存。二、重点短语用法精析1.dowonders创造奇迹；产生奇效；效果显著【应用场景】描述运动/饮食对身体的改善：Eatingvegetableseverydaydoeswondersforyourimmunesystem.说明方法对学习/工作的帮助：Thisstudymethoddidwondersforhisgrades.【典型例句】(1)Regularexercisedoeswondersforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.规律运动对身心健康都有奇效。(2)Agoodnight'ssleepdidwondersforhermood.一夜好眠让她的心情好了很多。2.overthelongterm从长远来看；长期【应用场景】分析健身计划的效果：Stickingtoexerciseoverthelongtermwillstrengthenyourbody.讨论投资/学习的收益：Learningalanguageoverthelongtermrequirespatience.【典型例句】(1)Overthelongterm,smokingwillcauseserioushealthproblems.从长远来看，吸烟会引发严重的健康问题。(2)Savingmoneyoverthelongtermwillhelpyouachievefinancialfreedom.长期存钱会帮你实现财务自由。3.stickwith坚持；继续做；不放弃【应用场景】鼓励坚持健身习惯：Ifyoustickwithyourworkoutroutine,you'llseeresults.建议坚持学习方法：Stickwiththisplan,andyourEnglishwillimprove.【典型例句】(1)Shestuckwithherdietandlost10poundsinamonth.她坚持节食，一个月瘦了10磅。(2)Stickwithyourdreams,andtheywilletruesomeday.坚持你的梦想，总有一天会实现的。4.makeupfor弥补；补偿【应用场景】弥补运动中的水分流失：Drinkwatertomakeupfortheliquidlostthroughsweat.弥补错过的学习/工作时间：Ineedtostudyextrahourstomakeupforthelosttime.【典型例句】(1)Heworkedhardtomakeupforhismistake.他努力工作来弥补自己的错误。(2)Thebeautifulscenerymakesupforthelongjourney.美丽的风景弥补了漫长的旅途。5.putthefinishingtoucheson对……进行最后的润色；完成最后的细节【应用场景】完善健身计划：She'sputtingthefinishingtouchesonhernewexerciseroutine.完成项目/作品的收尾：Thedesignerisputtingthefinishingtouchesontheposter.【典型例句】(1)We'reputtingthefinishingtouchesonthepartydecorations.我们正在给派对装饰做最后的收尾。(2)Thewriterputthefinishingtouchesonhisnovellastweek.这位作家上周给小说做了最后的润色。6.inresponseto作为对……的回应；响应【应用场景】回应健身后的身体反应：Inresponsetoregularexercise,yourheartbeesmoreefficient.回应市场/社会需求：Thepanydevelopedanewproductinresponsetocustomerfeedback.【典型例句】(1)Thegovernmenttookactioninresponsetothepublic'sconcerns.政府针对公众的担忧采取了行动。(2)Hesmiledinresponsetoherjoke.他听了她的笑话笑了起来。7.undertheweather身体不适；生病【应用场景】说明身体不适无法运动：Ican'tgojoggingtodaybecauseI'mundertheweather.描述生病的状态：Hestayedhomeashewasfeelingabitundertheweather.【典型例句】(1)Mymotherisundertheweather,soIneedtotakecareofher.我妈妈身体不舒服，我需要照顾她。(2)Ifyou'reundertheweather,youshouldrestathome.如果你身体不适，就应该在家休息。8.nowonder难怪；怪不得【应用场景】解释健身效果的必然性：Nowonderyou'reenergetic—youexerciseeveryday!理解考试/工作结果的原因：Nowonderyoufailed;youdidn'tstudyatall.【典型例句】(1)Nowondertheroomiscold—youleftthewindowopen.难怪房间这么冷，你把窗户开着了。(2)Nowondershe'sgoodatdancing—shepracticeseveryday.难怪她跳舞跳得好，她每天都练习。9.berootedin源于；根植于【应用场景】说明健身习惯的根源：Ahealthylifestyleisrootedinregularexerciseandabalanceddiet.分析文化/习俗的起源：Thistraditionisrootedinancienthistory.【典型例句】(1)Hisloveformusicisrootedinhischildhoodexperiences.他对音乐的热爱源于童年的经历。(2)Theconflictisrootedinamisunderstandingbetweenthetwosides.这场冲突源于双方的误解。三、强化训练第一部分用括号中所给单词的恰当形式填空（每空2分，满分40分）Pleasewritea____________(congratulate)messagetocelebratehergraduation.His____________(assume)thateveryonewouldagreewithhimturnedouttobewrong.Thereisagrowing____________(tend)foryoungpeopletoworkfromhome.The____________(reduce)ofcarbonemissionsiscrucialforenvironmentalprotection.Sheleadsavery____________(routine)life,gettingupat6a.m.everyday.Afterthelongrun,hedidsome____________(stretch)exercisestorelaxhismuscles.Thepriceoftheproductiswithina____________(range)of10to20.Sheisan____________(energy)personwhoneverseemstogettired.____________(average)speaking,womenlivelongerthanmeninmostcountries.Thesingerwaspopular____________(throughout)thecountryduringthe1990s.The____________(injure)workerwassenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.Weneedtotake____________(prevent)measurestoavoidfiresintheforest.Thelabisinneedofnew____________(equip)tocarryouttheresearch.Hefailedtheexambecauseofhis____________(lack)ofpreparation.Regular____________(maintain)ofthemachinecanextenditsservicelife.The____________(announce)ofthenewpolicywasmadeatthepressconference.Ireceivedan____________(update)ontheprojectprogressthismorning.The____________(replace)oftheoldbridgewillstartnextmonth.Sheansweredthequestionwithoutany____________(hesitate).His____________(admit)tothetopuniversitymadehisparentsveryproud.第二部分用括号中所给短语的恰当形式填空（每空2分，满分40分）Regularexercise____________(dowonders)forbothyourphysicalandmentalhealth.____________(overthelongterm),smokingwillcausegreatharmtoyourlungs.Ifyou____________(stickwith)yourlearninggoals,youwillachievethemeventually.Youneedtoeatmoreproteinto____________(makeupfor)theenergyyoulostduringexercise.Thedesigneris____________(putthefinishingtoucheson)thenewfashioncollection.Thepanychangeditspolicy____________(inresponseto)thecustomers'plaints.Ican'tattendthepartytonightbecauseI'mfeelingabit____________(undertheweather).____________(nowonder)you'regoodatEnglish—youreadEnglishbookseveryday!Herloveforpainting____________(berootedin)herchildhoodexperiences.Takingvitaminseveryday____________(dowonders)foryourimmunesystem.Savingmoney____________(overthelongterm)willhelpyoubuyahouseinthefuture.It'snoteasyto____________(stickwith)adietplan,butit'sworthit.Heworkedovertimeto____________(makeupfor)theworkhemissedyesterday.We're____________(putthefinishingtoucheson)thepartydecorationsbeforetheguestsarrive.Theschoolmadeanewrule____________(inresponseto)thestudents'safetyconcerns.Myfatheris____________(undertheweather),sohe'sstayinginbedtoday.____________(nowonder)theplantsaredying—youhaven'twateredthemforweeks!Thiscustom____________(berootedin)thelocalhistoryandculture.Listeningtomusic____________(dowonders)forrelievingstressafterwork.Learningalanguagewell____________(overthelongterm)requirespatienceandpractice.第三部分完成句子（每空2分，满分20分）根据括号内提示词，结合语境完成句子________________________(为了防止受伤),youshouldwarmupbeforeexercising.(prevent)She________________________(犹豫要不要接受这份工作)becauseitwasfarfromherhome.(hesitate)________________________(平均来说),ittakesabout21daystoformanewhabit.(average)Thepany________________________(宣布了一项新的环保计划)lastmonth.(announce)Weneedto________________________(探索新的方法)toimproveourservice.(explore)________________________(难怪他这么开心),hejustwonthefirstprizeinthepetition.(wonder)Regularexercise________________________(对我们的健康有奇效)bothphysicallyandmentally.(wonders)Hiscourage________________________(源于他的家庭教育)andpersonalexperiences.(root)Ihavetoworkextrahoursto________________________(弥补我上周错过的时间).(makeupfor)Ifyou________________________(坚持你的健身计划),youwilldefinitelyloseweight.(stickwith)参考答案及详解第一部分用括号中所给单词的恰当形式填空congratulatory解析：修饰名词message需用形容词，congratulate的形容词形式为congratulatory，表“祝贺的”。assumption解析：形容词性物主代词His后接名词，assume的名词形式为assumption，表“假设”。tendency解析：不定冠词a后接单数名词，tend的名词形式为tendency，表“趋势”。reduction解析：定冠词The后接名词，reduce的名词形式为reduction，表“减少”。routine解析：修饰名词life需用形容词，routine本身可作形容词，表“日常的”。stretching解析：修饰名词exercises需用名词作定语，stretchingexercises为固定搭配，表“拉伸运动”。range解析：arangeof为固定短语，表“……的范围”，直接使用名词range。energetic解析：修饰名词person需用形容词，energy的形容词形式为energetic，表“精力充沛的”。Averagely解析：修饰分词speaking需用副词，average的副词形式为Averagely，注意句首首字母大写。throughout解析：throughoutthecountry为固定搭配，表“全国范围内”，无拓展词形，直接用原词。injured解析：修饰名词worker需用形容词，injury的形容词形式为injured，表“受伤的”。preventive解析：修饰名词measures需用形容词，prevent的形容词形式为preventive，表“预防性的”。equipment解析：equip的名词形式为equipment，表“设备”，为不可数名词，无复数形式。lack解析：lackof为固定短语，表“缺乏”，lack本身可作名词，无需变形。maintenance解析：形容词Regular后接名词，maintain的名词形式为maintenance，表“维护”。announcement解析：定冠词The后接名词，announce的名词形式为announcement，表“公告”。update解析：不定冠词an后接单数名词，update本身可作名词，表“最新消息”。replacement解析：定冠词The后接名词，replace的名词形式为replacement，表“替换”。hesitation解析：介词without后接名词，hesitate的名词形式为hesitation，表“犹豫”。admission解析：形容词性物主代词His后接名词，admit的名词形