广东省部分学校高三上学期1月学科测试英语试题【含答案详解】

绝密★启用前2026年1月高三年级学科能力测试英语本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共120分，考试用时100分钟。其中第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷7至8页。考试结束后，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷答题须知：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，请考生务必在试卷和答题卡的规定位置上填写好相应的个人信息。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenyoustarttofeelboredoroverwhelmedbyahecticholidayitinerary(行程),hurryingfromoneplacetoanother,andjustfancyspendingacoupleofrelaxing,aimlessdaysinaseasideresort,HaikouinHainanprovincecomeshighlyrecommended.LocatedatthenorthernendofHainan,theprovincialcapitalfacesthemainlandacrosstheQiongzhouStrait.Theareakeepstravelershappilyshelteredfromovercrowdedtouristgroupsandimmersestheminthelocals’relaxedpaceoflife.TravelerstoHaikouneednotworryaboutfallingintotouristtraps.Meanwhile,tipsbeforetravellingwereaspareidea.Theywillbewarmlywelcomedintothelocals’everydayroutines,suchasjoiningresidentsattheirfavoritebreakfastspotsinstead.Onesuchplaceisthenarrow,busyYixingStreetattheendofwhichsitsXitianTemple,atuckedawayinoneofHaikou’sexpansiveoldneighborhoods.Thetemplewasfirstbuiltinthe16thcenturyasashrinetoWangZuo(1428-1512),areputedpersonageinthecommunity,wherelocalspaidtributetohimforasafeandsmoothseavoyagebeforesettingout.Nowadays,manypeoplecometothetempletoprayforsmoothnessandsafety.ThesedayspeoplecomenotonlytoworshipWangbutalsotobegintheirmorningrefreshments.People’sappetitesareawakenedbyavarietyofdelicaciesfromalloverHainan,availableateateriesandtakeawaystandsliningbothsidesofthestreet.Popularspecialtiessometimesselloutearly,includingDanzhoumilanricenoodles,namedafteracitytothesouthwestofHaikouwherethenoodlesoriginate.Theboilednoodlesareoftentoppedwithmeat,vegetables,picklesandothersavoryingredients.1.WhatwillHaikoubringuniquelyforvisitors?A.Fantasticscenery. B.Extremehappinessandrelaxation.C.Thespectacularspotsofsea. D.Freedomandpeace.2.Whatcouldbeapracticaladviceforthevisitors?A.Preparingthetipsbeforearrival. B.Askingnativesforhelp.CJoiningtravellingteams. D.Gettogetherwithnatives.3.WhatdoweknowaboutHainanProvince?A.Itsowntemplehasbeenpopularinrecentdays. B.Danzhoumilanricenoodlesaretheoriginofnoodles.CHainanisonlyknownforvariousdelicacies. D.NoodlesinHainanareamust-try.BFordecades,societyhasimplicitlyrankedoutgoingasavirtue,equatingtalkativenesswithconfidence,leadership,andevencompetencewhilebrandingintroversionasaflawtobefixed.Wetellshychildrentospeakup,andurgequietonestobemoreassertive.Thisone-size-fits-allmindsetdoesn’tjustmarginalize(夸大)introverts;itrobstheworldoftheuniqueperspectivesonlytheycanoffer.Elena,asoftwareengineerIworkedwithafewyearsago.Inteammeetings,sherarelyspokeunlessdirectlyasked,preferringtojotdownideasinanotebookratherthancompeteforairtime.Butwhentheteamhitawallwithacriticalcodeissuethatevenhadstumpedeventhemostvocalmembers.However,she’dspentdaysquietlyanalyzingtheproblem,mappingoutflawsnooneelsehadnoticed,andpresentedasolutionwithsuchclaritythattheclientpraiseditasgame-changing.Herintroversionwasn’tabarriertoimpactbutthefoundationofit.Shelistenedmorethanshespoke,focuseddeeplyratherthanbroadly,andturnedthatquietattentionintoworkthatmovedtheneedle.Criticsofintroversionoftenmistakerestraintforweakness,thedistinctionmattersmorethaneverinaworldthatconfusesvolumewithcourage.Mr.Tanaka,ahighschoolhistoryteacher.Hewasthekindofeducatorwhorarelyraisedhisvoice,yethisstudentsrememberedhimasoneofthemostinfluentialfiguresintheirlives.Whentheschoolproposedcuttingfundingfortheprogramwhichwouldhavedevastated(沉重打击)studentsfromlow-incomefamilies.Mr.Tanakadidn’torganizeloudprotestsorfieryspeeches.Instead,hespentweeksgatheringstoriesfromstudentswhoseliveshadbeenchangedbytheprogram,andmetcalmlywithboardmemberstomakehiscase.Eventuallythefundingwasrestored.Hewasn’tloud,buthewasunyielding;hewasintroverted,butneverpassive.Aforestdoesn’tthrivewithonlytalltrees;itneedsdelicateferns,windingvines,andquietunderbrushtocreateabalancedecosystem.Sotoodoessociety.Extrovertssparkenergy.Theyrallypeopletoactionandinjectenthusiasmintogroupefforts.Butintrovertsdeepenthatenergy:theylistentothevoicesothersignoreandturnquietcontemplation(沉思)intothoughtfulchange.Whenforcingintrovertstoactmoreextroverted,we’renothelpingthem,butstrippingthemofthequalitiesthatmaketheircontributionsunique.Thebeautyofhumannatureliesinitsvariety.Aworldwhereeveryoneisloudwouldbeaworldwithoutsilence,reflectionandthequietmagicofsomeonelikeElena,whoturnsobservationintoinnovation,orMr.Tanaka,whoturnsresolveintojustice.Toletintrovertsbeintrovertedisn’ttocoddlethem;it’stohonorthefullspectrumofwhatitmeanstobehuman.It’storecognizethattrueprogressdoesn’tcomefromeveryoneshiningthesameway,itcomesfromeveryoneshiningintheirown.4.Whichparagraphisthemostsuitableforplacingthefollowingsentencein?Avirtuouspersonmaybeinward-focused,butnevercowardly;inthefaceofinjustice,theywillstandupandspeakout.A.Paragraph1 B.Paragraph2 C.Paragraph3 D.Paragraph45.Theauthormentionstheprojectmanager’scommentonElenainParagraph2mainlyto__________.A.CriticizemanagersfortheirunfairevaluationofintrovertedemployeesB.ShowthatintrovertsoftenlacktheconfidencetoexpresstheirideasinpublicC.highlighttheimportanceofleadershipworkshopsinhelpingintrovertsimproveD.illustratehowsocietymisjudgesintroverts’abilitiesbasedonoutwardbehavior6.Whatisthepurposeofmetaphorof“aforest”inParagraph4?A.Introvertsaremorelike“underbrush”thatsupportstheecosystemsilentlyB.ExtrovertsandintrovertsshouldcompetetomaintainsocialbalanceC.DiversetraitsinsocietyareasessentialasvariedspeciesinnatureD.Abalancedsocietyneedsmore“talltrees”tothrivethan“delicateferns”7.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Introverts’quietpersistenceisoftenmoreeffectivethanextroverts’loudadvocacy.B.Societyshouldstopforcingintrovertstobeextrovertedandvaluetheiruniqueness.C.Thedistinctionbetweenintroversionandcowardiceiscriticalforsocialjustice.D.ExamplesofElenaandMr.TanakaproveintrovertscanachievegreatsuccessCWeallloveagoodlaugh,buthaveyouevertriedtoexplainwhysomethingisfunny?It’ssurprisinglydifficult.Themomentyoustartanalysingajoke,itdiesonthespot,likeafroginbiologyclass.Still,humourfascinatesusbecauseitsitssomewherebetweenlogicandmadness:there’sorderinthechaos,senseinthesilliness.Andwhenajokereallylands,weburstoutlaughing,unabletostopourselves.Accordingtopsychologists,mostlaughterbeginswhenourbrainspotssomethingunanticipated,atwist,amismatch,asuddenchangeofdirection.Butscienceonlytellshalfthestory.Laughterisn’tasolosport;it’scontagious.Wearethirtytimesmorelikelytolaughwhenwe’rewithotherpeoplethanwhenwe’realone.Youcansitthroughacomedyspecialinsilentamusement,butstickyouinacrowdandsuddenlyyou’resnortinglikeadonkey.Laughterconnectsus,it’sasocialsignalthatsays,‘We’regettingeachother.’And,ofcourse,humourisdeeplycultural.Britishpeopleloveirony(反讽),understatement,playingdowntheimportanceofsomethingandself-depreciation,makingthemselvesthecoreofthejoke.Americans,ontheotherhand,preferstories,anecdotesandexaggeration.Theproblemis,jokesdon’talwaystravelwell.Butperhapsthemostadmirablekindofhumourislaughingatourselves.Self-deprecatingjokesshowconfidence,notweakness.Theyturnembarrassmentintocharm.Humouralsohasitsdarkercorners.Somejokescrossalineandstarttooffendpeople;otherssimplyfallflatbecausethetimingandtonearenotonpoint,whatsoundshilariousinapubmightseemcruelinameeting.Asanystand-upwilltellyou,thedifferencebetween‘youkilledit’and‘youdiedonstage’cancomedowntojustonepoorlytimedpause.So,whatmakessomethingtrulyfunny?Itisn’tjustcleverwritingorperfecttiming.It’sthatsparkofsharedrecognition,themomentwhenwealllaughandthink,‘Yes,that’ssotrue.’8Whatistheauthortryingtoillustratewiththefrog?A.Howdifficultitistorecreatelaughter. B.Itishardtoexplainwhywelaugh.C.Somejokesmakenosense. D.Sometimeswedonotlikejokes.9.WhatdoestheauthorimplyinParagraph2?A.Laughingisabondingexperience. B.Laughterisakindofsport.C.Welaugh30timesasmuchwhenwearen’talone. D.Youoftendon’tfindcomedyfunnywhilealone.10.Whichofthefollowingwouldn’tsoundliketypicalBritishhumouraccordingtothepassage?A.“Well,peoplearoundherecan’treallyaccepttheideaofeatingpeople.”B.“Hewassofatthathefelloffthebedonbothsidesatthesametime.”C.“IchosetodocomedybecauseeverybodysaidI’majoke.”D.“Itriedtogetfitonce,mybodyimmediatelyfiledacomplaint.”11.Whatdoestheauthormeanbythe“darkercorners”ofhumourinParagraph4?APeopleshouldbecarefulwheretheytellcertainjokes.B.Timingisthemostimportantpartofperformingcomedy.C.Whenwetelljokes,weneedtoaddpauses.D.Humourisfragileandcaneasilyfailifdeliveredbadly.DRecently,campaignershaveencouragedustobuylocalfood.Thisreduces‘foodmiles’,thatis,thedistancefoodtravelstogetfromtheproducertotheretailer.Theyreasonthatthehigherthefoodmiles,themorecarbonemissions.Buyinglocalfood,therefore,hasalowercarbonfootprintandismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.However,therealstoryisnotassimpleasthat.Infact,importedfoodoftenhasalowercarbonfootprintthanlocallygrownfood.Takeapples,forexample.Inautumn,whenapplesareharvested,thebestoptionforaBritishresidentistobuyBritishapples.However,theappleswebuyinwinterorspringhavebeenkeptrefrigeratedformonths,andthisusesupalotofenergy.Inspring,therefore,itismoreenergy-efficienttoimportthemfromNewZealand,wheretheyareinseason.Heatingalsousesalotofenergy,whichiswhygrowingtomatoesinheatedgreenhousesintheUKislessenvironmentallyfriendlythanimportingthemfromSpain,wherethecropgrowswellinthelocalclimate.Wemustalsotakeintoaccountthetypeoftransport.Transportingfoodbyaircreatesabout50timesmoreemissionsthanshippingit.However,onlyasmallproportionofgoodsareflowntotheconsumercountry,andtheseareusuallyhighvalue,perishableitemswhichwecannotproducelocally,suchasseafoodandout-of-seasonberries.Eventhen,thesefoodsmaynothaveahighercarbonfootprintthanlocallygrownfood.Forexample,beansflowninfromKenyaaregrowninsunnyfieldsusingmanuallabourandnaturalfertilisers,unlikeinBritain,whereweuseoil-basedfertilisersanddieselmachinery.Therefore,thetotalcarbonfootprintisstilllower.It’salsoworthrememberingthataproduct’sjourneydoesnotendatthesupermarket.Thedistanceconsumerstraveltobuytheirfood,andthekindoftransporttheyusewillalsoaddtoitscarbonfootprint.Sodrivingalongwaytoshopforfoodwillnegateanyenvironmentalbenefitsofbuyinglocallygrownproduce.Furthermore,choosinglocaloverimportedfoodcanalsobadlyaffectpeopleindevelopingcountries.Recently,somesupermarketshavebeentryingtoraiseawarenessoffoodmilesbylabellingfoodswithstickersthatshowithasbeenimportedbyair.Butultimately,themessagethisgivesistoosimple.Lotsofdifferentfactorscontributetoafood’scarbonfootprintbesidesthedistanceithastravelled.Andevenifweonlybuylocalfoodwhichiscurrentlyinseason,thereareethicalimplications.What’smore,ourdietswouldbemorelimited.12.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Theimportanceofbuyinglocallyproducedfood.B.Theadvantagesofimportingfoodfromoverseas.C.Thereasonswhyfoodmilescampaignsaretoosimple.D.Theproblemscausedbytransportingfood.13.Accordingtothepassage,howareSpanishtomatoesandKenyanbeanssimilar?A.Theyarebothtransportedbyair. B.Theyarebothgrownusingnaturalfertilizer.C.Theybothhavehighcarbonfoodprints. D.Theyarebothgrownoutdoors.14.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriternotsupport?A.Makingalongjourneytobuyfoodproducedlocally.B.Supportingfarmersinpoorcountries.C.ImportingapplestoBritainfromNewZealandinspring.D.BuyingbeansimportedbyairfromKenya.15.Thewriterthinksthatlabellingfoodwhichhasbeentransportedbyair_________.A.willraiseenvironmentalawareness. B.helpspeopletoshopmoreethically.C.doesnottellafull,accuratestory. D.givesfalseinformationabouttheproduct.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilewedon’trecommendhavingacannedresponseforeveryinterviewquestion,wedorecommendspendingsometimegettingcomfortablewithwhatyoumightbeasked,whathiringmanagersarereallylookingforinyourresponses,andwhatittakestoshowthatyou’retherightpersonforthejob.Consideringthefollowingthreequestionsandpossibleanswersinadvancemaybehelpfulforyoutoperformwellinthemeeting.Question:____16____ExampleAnswer:Sure,ItookabitofawindingroadtogettowhereIamtoday.Incollege,Idoublemajoredinchemistryandcommunications.Ifoundearlyonthatworkinginalaballdaywasn’tformeandatsomepointIrealizedIlookedforwardtothelabclassITA’dthemost.SowhenIgraduated,Ifoundajobinsalesforaconsumerhealthcareproductscompany,whereIdrewonmyteachingexperienceandlearnedevenmoreabouttailoringyourmessageandexplainingcomplexhealthconceptstopeoplewithoutasciencebackground.____17____Question:Whydoyouwantthisjob?ExampleAnswer:I’vealwaysbeenafanofyourproducts.Iknowthatyourfocusonuniquestoriesiswhatdrewmeandotherfansintoyourproductsinitiallyandkeepsuscomingbackformore.I’vefollowedyouonsocialmediaforawhile,andI’vealwayslovedhowyouhavepeopleindifferentdepartmentsinteractwithusers.____18____Atmylastjob,Iwasresponsibleforlaunchingouraccountandgrowingitto10,000followersinsixmonths.Betweenthatexperience,myloveofgaming,andmydeepknowledgeofyourgamesandfanbase,IknowIcouldmakethisTikTokaccountsomethingspecialandexciting.Question:____19____ExampleAnswer:____20____.LastyearIwaspartofacommitteethatputtogetheratrainingonconflictinterventionintheworkplaceandtheamountofpushbackwegotforrequiringattendancereallyputourtrainingtothetest.Therewasoneseniorstaffmemberinparticularwhoseemedadamant.Ittooksomecarefullisteningtounderstandhefeltlikeitwasn’tthebestuseofhistimegiventheworkloadhewasjuggling.Imadesuretoacknowledgehisconcern.AndthenIfocusedonhisdirectobjectionandexplainedhowthetrainingwasmeanttoimprovenotjustthecultureofthecompany,butalsotheefficiencyatwhichweoperated,andthatthegoalwasforthetrainingtomakeeveryone’sworkloadfeellighter.A.Bycoincidence,therewasasituationonce.B.Canyouwalkmethroughyourresume?C.Canyoutellmeachallengeyou’vefacedatwork?D.Canyoubrieflyintroduceyourprofessionalachievements?E.SoIwaspsychedwhenIcameacrossthispostingforasocialmediamanagerwithTikTokexperience.F.Funnilyenough,therewasathing.G.Then,Imovedintoasalestrainingroleatamassivecompany.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。InaquietcornerofatraditionalvillageinJinjiang,FujianProvince,____21____anoldhouseknownasCanghaicuo,whichliterallymeans“theHiddenSeaHarbor.”Timehas____22____itsredbricksandcurvedeaves,butsteppingthroughits____23____doorwaystillfeelslikeenteringanotherworld.Insidethecentury-oldhouse,21colorfuldeitysculptures(神像)standsilently,withadivinemural.____24____commonBuddhisticons,theyhaveearthlyvitality,eachtellingaQuanzhousea-linkedcreationmyth.ChenZenghuangisthefifth-generationinheritorofZhepingguoBuddhaSculpting.Fordecades,hehascarvedtraditionalBuddhastatuesfortemplesacrosssouthernFujian.However,theCanghaicuosculptures,____25____aturningpointinhiscreativelife.“It’sstillwood,stilllacquer,stillthesametools,”ChentoldtheGlobalTimes,“butwhatI’m____26____nowisastoryof____27____wecomefrom.”Overacenturyago,Chen’sancestorsmigratedfromPingyangtoavillageinQuanzhouforworkandsetupaworkshopnamed“Zhepingguo”—atributetotheirhometownandawishtocombineskillwithdevotion.Theworkshopbecamefamousforzhuangfo.Lacquer-threadingisthemost____28____step:mixinglacquer(漆),tungoil(桐油)andnaturalfibers(天然纤维)intoapaste,rollingitintohair-thinstrands,andwindingthemonthesculpturetocreatedetails.Chenoncestruggledwithit,learningthatacalmheartis____29____toavoidbreakingthethreads.Chengrewup____30____thesoundofmalletsandthescentoftungoil.Hisfatheracraftsmanwithover40yearsofexperience,taughthimtoavoid____31____.Later,ChenstudiedsculptureattheXiamenAcademyofArtsandCrafts,wherehefoundclayforgivingbutwoodunforgiving,oncecut,there’snogoingback.Throughblisteredhandsandbleedingfingers,helearned____32____andrealizedcarvingisadialoguebetweenmaterialandspirit.Atfirst,hethoughthisstatueswouldonlybeforworship,____33____peoplewithancestorsandthedivineinsouthernFujian’sculture.Chenbelieves____34____isthesoulofinheritingtradition.HiscollaborationwithcontemporaryartistWenNaonCanghaicuoblendedcraftsmanshipwithmodernstorytelling.SinceZhepingguoBuddhaSculptingbecameaJinjiangintangibleculturalheritagein2016,Chenandhisfatherhavetaughtapprentices.Heseescarvingasarecordoftime,saying,“Ourtaskisnottopreservetraditioninajar,buttokeepit____35____.”21.A.lies B.stands C.sits D.lays22.A.hardened B.weakened C.sharpened D.softened23.A.narrow B.wide C.tall D.low24.A.Like B.As C.Unlike D.For25.A.saw B.marked C.noticed D.watched26.A.making B.building C.creating D.shaping27.A.when B.what C.where D.how28.A.simple B.easy C.relaxing D.demanding29.A.essential B.unimportant C.useful D.unnecessary30.A.among B.amid C.between D.within31.A.efforts B.advantages C.shortcuts D.challenges32.A.patience B.skill C.courage D.wisdom33.A.connecting B.bridging C.linking D.joining34.A.creation B.imagination C.innovation D.inspiration35.A.flowing B.stopping C.still D.quiet第Ⅱ卷答题须知：第Ⅱ卷共2页，须用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上或非答题卡对应区域无效。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,Shenzhen(CUHK-Shenzhen)hasdrawnwidespreadattentionaftersendingconsolationletterstoapplicantswhowerenotadmitted,___36___gesturethatquicklybecameatrendingtopiconsocialmedia.Manyapplicantsexpressedsurprise___37___receivingthepackage,whichincludedaheartfeltletterfromPresidentXuYangshengandasmallgift___38___(bear)theuniversity’slogo.Intheletter,theuniversity’sadmissionsofficeconveyedPresidentXu’s“deepcareandsincereencouragement”,thankingstudentsfortheireffortsand___39___(persevere)inpursuingtheirdreams.“Wehopethislettercaneasesomeofyourdisappointmentandinspireyou___40___(move)forward,”itread.Public___41___(react)havebeenmixed.Somenetizenspraisedthegestureasthoughtfulandmeaningful,callingitakeepsakeoftheirapplicationjourney.Others,however,criticizeditas“afalsehope___42___stingsmorethansilence”.AstaffmemberfromCUHK-Shenzhen’sadmissionsofficeconfirmedtoreportersthattheletterswereindeedsenttoallunsuccessfulapplicantsthisyear.“Thisisnota‘non-admissionnotice’___43___aletterfromourpresident,reflectingtheuniversity’shumanisticcare,”Theinitiativeaimstoacknowledgeeveryapplicant’sdedication,giventhe___44___(compete)natureofadmissions.ThisisnotthefirsttimeCUHK-Shenzhen____45____(adopt)suchapractice.Reportsindicatethatasearlyas2016,theuniversitysentstudentswhowerenotadmittedsimilarletters,alongwithanotebookasatokenofencouragement.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是天工高中的学生李华，请你从下面两个观点中选择其一，给出选择的理由并围绕其写一篇发言稿。观点一：学生每天都要穿校服。观点二：学生只有每周一要穿校服。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hello,everyone!I’dliketosharemyopiniononwearingschooluniforms.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。17-year-oldEli’ssketchbook(速写本)washismostguardedsecret.Tuckedunderhisbed,itspageswerefilledwithpencildrawingsofcityscapes,sunrisesoverskyscrapers,rain-soakedsidewalks,eventheoldbookstoreonMainStreet.Buthisdad,aformercollegefootballcoach,hadotherplans:“You’rejoiningthebasketballteamthissemester.Sportsbuildcharacter,anddoodling(涂鸦)’sjustawasteoftime.”Elihadtriedtoargue,buthisdad’svoice