雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Biopharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis（中国药科）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Whichoneisnotclassifiedasvolatilepoison?ACyanideBParaquatCFormaldehydeDPhenol第2题Aconitumandbelladonnaaregaseouspoisons.第3题Inordertoensuretheefficacyandsafetyofdrugs,theresearchobjectofbioanalysisshouldonlyfocusonthehumanbody.第4题Whichoneisnotclassifiedastheanimalpoison?ACantharidinBTetrodotoxinCAconitumDToadtoxin第5题ThetaskofbiopharmaceuticalandtoxicologicalanalysisdoesnotincludeAPerformanalyticalmethodologystudyBProvidedataforpharmacokineticresearchCProvidedataforclinicaltherapeuticdrugmonitoringDFindandsolvequalityproblemsintheproductionprocessofdrugpreparations第6题Poisonisachemicalthatcandamagethenormalactivitiesoflifethroughphysicochemicalactionafterenteringtheorganism,causingdiseasesorevendeath.第7题AccordingtoArticle357oftheCriminalLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,drugsaretheaddictivenarcoticandpsychotropicdrugsthatcancauseaddiction.第1题TheprocessbywhichthedrugentersthebloodcirculatorysystemfromthesiteofadministrationwithoutchemicalstructuralchangeiscalledAAbsorptionBDistributionCBiotransformationDExcretion第2题Whichdosageformhasthefastestabsorptionrate?ACapsuleBTabletCSustained-releasetabletDSolution第3题Theeffectofadrugisdirectlyrelatedtothetotalconcentrationofthedrugatthereceptorsite.Boththefreedrugandtheplasma-proteinbounddrugcanreachthereceptorsiteandshowthepharmacologicaleffect.第4题Duetothelargeabsorptionareaofthegastricmucosasurfaceandthelongerretentiontimeinthestomach,mostdrugsaremainlyabsorbedthroughthestomach.第5题Whenadrugenterstheliverthroughtheintestineforthefirsttime,somedrugscanbemetabolizedbyintestinaljuiceorenterobacteriaenzymesontheintestinalwall,ordrugenzymesintheliver,thusreducingtheamountofdrugenteringthesystemiccirculation.Thiseffectiscalledfirstpasseffect.第6题Whenthepermeabilityoftissuebiomembranedoesnothaveabarriereffect,whichfactorwillberate-limitingforthedrugdistribution?ApKaofthedrugBTissuebloodperfusionrateCDissociationdegreeatphysiologicalpHDPlasmaprotein-binding

第7题Amongthefollowingstatementsaboutactivetrasport,whichoneiswrong?AThedrugcanbetransportedagainstelectrochemicalgradientandconcentrationgradient.BRequiretheinvolvementofdrugtransporters.CNoneedtoconsumeenergy.DHasahighdegreeofselectivityandcanbecompetitivelyinhibitedbysimilarsubstances.第8题Whereisthedrugmetabolismmainlycarriedout?ALiverBGastrointestinaltractCSkinDKidney第9题WhichonedoesnotbelongtothephaseIreaction?AOxidationBReductionCHydrolysisDGlucuronidation第10题Whenanewdrug(itisasubstrateofCYP3A4)istakenwiththegrapefruitjuiceatthesametime,drug-druginteractionmayoccur.Whichstatementiswrong?AArepresentsthenewdrugwhichistakenalone.BArepresentsthenewdrugwhichistakentogetherwithgrapefruitjuice.CGrapefruitjuiceisamoderateinhibitorofCYP3A4.DInhibitorsofthemetabolicenzymescanslowdownthemetabolismofthesubstratedrugs.第11题CYP450isakindofmixed-functionoxidasesystemmainlyfoundinhumanliver.Becauseitcancombinewithcarbonmonoxideinthereducedstateandhasamaximumabsorptionpeakat450nmwavelength,itiscalledcytochromeP450.第12题Afterasingleoraldoseof25mgofethylmorphine,theaverageplasmaconcentrationofethylmorphineintheweakmetabolizer(PM)groupwassignificantlylowerthanthatinthestrongmetabolizer(EM)group.Asaresult,thepharmacologicaleffectswereweakened.第13题Amongthefollowingfactors,whichonecannotdirectlyaffecttheformationofthereceptor-drugcomplex(RD)?ADrugconcentrationatthereceptorsite.BNumberofreceptorsperunitvolume.CTheaffinitybetweenthedrugandthereceptor.DpKaofthedrug.

第14题Whichpharmacokineticparametercouldrepresentthetotaldrugamountabsorbedbythebody?APeakconcentration(Cmax)BAreaunderconcentration-timecurve(AUC)CPeaktime(Tmax)DApparentvolumeofdistribution(Vd)第15题Inordertoensuretheeffectivenessandsafetyoftheclinicaluseofdrugs,therapeuticdrugmonitoringshouldbecarriedoutaslongasthepatient'sfinancialabilitypermits.

Assignment第1题Amongthefollowingbiosamples,whichoneiscommonlyusedinthedeterminationofdrugmetabolitesinthebody?ABloodBUrineCMuscleDSaliva第2题DeterminationofdrugconcentrationinurineshoulduseAAny-timedurineBMorningurineCUrineduringthedayDTimedurine第3题Mostdrugsproducesystemictherapeuticeffectsafterenteringthebloodcirculation.Thereisacertainproportionalrelationshipbetweenthedrugconcentrationatthesiteofactionandthedrugconcentrationintheblood.Therefore,theclinicaltherapeuticeffectofthedrugpreparationcanbeindirectlypredictedbymeasuringthedrugconcentrationintheblood.第4题ThefalsestatementisAThemostcommonlyusedanticoagulantinplasmapreparationisheparin.BThedrughardlybindstofibrin,sothedrugconcentrationinplasmaandserumisusuallythesame.CSincetheamountofplasmaproducedislessthanthatofserum,mostresearchersprefertouseserumsamples.DSerumsamplesshouldbeusedwhenanticoagulantscontainedinplasmainterferewithdrugdetermination.第5题Plasmaorserumshouldbeseparatedintimeafterbloodcollection,generallynotmorethan2hours,andthenstoredinarefrigeratororfreezerafterseparation.Inordertoreduceoperationstepsandavoiderrors,itshouldnotpackedintosmallvolumes.第6题Useliquid-liquidextractionmethodtoextractacertainbasicdruginthetissuesample.Iftherearestillfat-solubleinterferingsubstancesintheextract,theextracteddrug-containingorganicphasecanbeback-extractedwithasmallvolumeofaqueoussolution,whichshouldbe

AAlkalineBNeutralCAcidicDAnypHisOK.第7题Useliquid-liquidextractionmethodtoextractacertainalkalinedrugwithpKa7.8inurine.WhatpHoftheurinesamplesshouldbeadjustedto?A5.8B7.8orlessC4.8orlessD10.8orabove10.8第8题10%trichloroaceticacidor6%perchloricacidsolutioncanbeusedtoprecipitateproteins,butthesupernatantisstronglyacidic(pH≤4),andthusisnotsuitablefordrugsapttodecomposeunderacidicconditions.第9题Biologicalsamplesshouldbeextractedunderacidicconditionstoreducetheinterferenceofendogenoussubstances(mostlyacidic)inthebiologicalmatrix.第10题Whichmethodcouldbeusedtodeterminethefreeaspirinconcentrationinplasma?AProteinprecipitationmethodBLiquid-liquidextractionCUltrafiltrationDSolidphaseextraction第11题TheproductformedbythecombinationofadrugoritsphaseImetaboliteswithendogenoussubstancesinthebodyiscalledphaseIImetabolitesorconjugates.Commonendogenoussubstancesareglucuronicacid,sulfuricacid,glycine,glutathioneandaceticacid.第12题ThemainpurposeofthechemicalderivatizationmethodinHPLCis:①ImprovethesensitivityofHPLCdetection;②Improvethevolatilityofdrugs.Themainderivatizationreactionsincludesilanization,esterification,acylation,andhalogenationderivatization,amongwhichsilanizationisthemostwidelyused.第13题Todeterminethetotalbloodconcentrationofwater-solubledrugs,whichmethodshouldbeused?ASolidphaseextractionBEnzymatichydrolysisCLiquid-liquidextractionDUltrafiltrationAssignment第1题Whenmeasuringbloodsamplesandtissues,alargeamountofproteinshouldberemovedfirst,andthedrugshouldbereleasedfromtheprotein-boundstate.第2题Whendeterminingsampleswithlowdrugconcentrations,itisadvisabletousetheextraction-concentrationmodeandhighlysensitiveanalyticaltechniques,suchasUVspectormetry.第3题Whatkindofpretreatmentmethodisnotsuitableforthestronglypolarorhydrophilicdrugs?ALiquid-liquidextractionBProteinprecipitationbyorganicsolventCProteinprecipitationbystrongacidDSolidphaseextraction第4题ThepreferredmethodfortheanalysisofsmallmoleculesinbiosamplesisAImmunoassayBHPLC-MSCBiologicalmethodDSpectroscopy第5题Whichonedoesnotbelongtothevalidationofbioanalyticalmethod.AStandardcurve

BAccuracyandprecisionCStabilityDForceddegradation第6题Whichitemcouldprovethatthesubstancemeasuredbytheproposedmethodistheexpectedanalyte.AStandardcurveandquantitativerangeBMatrixeffectCStabilityDSpecificity第7题Forthebioanalyticalmethod,thestandardcurveoflinearmodeshouldcontainatleast5concentrationpointsinadditiontothezeropoint.第8题Inthestudyofpharmacokineticsandbioavailability,LLOQshouldbeabletodeterminethedrugconcentrationinbiosamplesat3-5eliminationhalf-livesafterdosingorwithintherangeof1/5to1/2oftheCmax.第9题Theextractionrecoveryisusedtoevaluatetheextractionabilityofthesampleprocessingfromthebiosamples.Thevalidationfocusesonwhethertheanalytecouldbecompletelyextracted.第10题Theapplicationofstableisotope-labeledinternalstandardcannotonlyoffsetthematrixeffectduringmassspectrometryionization,butalsoeliminatethedifferenceinthesamplepreparationprocess.

第11题Whichoneisnotpartofthestabilitytestduringthevalidationofabioanalyticalmethod?ALong-termstoragestabilityBShort-termroomtemperaturestabilityCFreeze-thawstabilityDMobilephasestability第12题WhenusingLC-MStoanalyzebiosamples,itisnecessarytoevaluatewhethertheanalyteandtheco-eluatederivedfromthematrixcompeteforionizationattheLC-MSinterface.Whatisthisvalidationitemcalled?AAccuracyBStabilityCExtractionrecoveryDMatrixeffectAssignment第1题ThedifferencebetweentheAPCIandESIisAInAPCI,theanalyteabsorbsthelightemittedbythevacuum-ultravioletlampinthegasphaseandthenisionizedbyreleasingelectrons.

BAPCIhasnocoronadischargeneedle.CESIusescoronadischargetoionizethemobilephase.DComparedwithESI,APCIhasevaporatorandcoronadischargeneedle.第2题InLC-MS,whichreagentcannotbeaddedintothemobilephase?AAmmoniumacetateBFormicacidCAmmoniaDDisodiumphosphate第3题ESIissuitabletoanalyzethecompoundwithmediumtostrongpolarity,especiallythosethatcanformionsinthesolvent.第4题APCI

ismoresuitablefortheanalysisofioniccompounds.第5题TheAPCIionsourceisnotsuiblewhenanalyzingpeptides.第6题InLC-MS,non-volatileregentscanbeaddedintothemobilephase.第7题WhenusingLC-MStomeasurealkalinesubstances,thepHvalueofthemobilephaseshouldbelessthanpKa-2,andtheMSshouldbeworkedinthenegativeionmode.第8题IntriplequadrupoleLC-MS/MS,whichmodeshouldbeusedforthequantitativeanalysis?AProductionscanBPrecursorionscanCSelectivereactionmonitoringDNeutrallossscan第9题WhenanalyzingbiosamplesbyLC-MS,whichonecannoteliminatethematrixeffect?AChangetheionizationinterfaceBIncreasetheinjectionvolumeCOptimizethesamplepretreatmentmethodDAdjustthemobilephasecomposition第10题InLC-MS/MS,productionscanningismainlyusedforthequantitativeanalysis.第11题InLC-MS,thenegativeionmodeisusedforalkalinesubstances.

第12题Generallyspeaking,thedirectionofallparticlesincapillaryelectrophoresisisdeterminedbyAParticlesizeBParticleshapeCIonicstrengthDElectroosmoticflow

第13题TheprofileoftheelectroosmoticflowinHPCEandthatofthemobilephaseinHPLCareABothareadvection.BBotharelaminarflow.CTheformerisflatflow,andthelatterislaminarflow.DTheformerislaminarflow,andthelatterisflatflow.

第14题Inordertoimprovetheselectivityandresolutionofmicellarelectrokineticcapillarychromatography,optimizationmethodsincludeAChoosethetypeandconcentrationofmicelles.BChangethetypeofbuffer.CChangetheionicstrength.DChangethebuffercompositionandpH.

正确答案：ABCD第15题Whichfactorscouldaffecttheelectrophoreticmobilityofaprotein?ANetchargeBWeightCParticlediameterDThedifferenceinshape正确答案：ABCD第16题Whatarethefactorsaffectingelectroosmoticflowincapillaryelectrophoresis?AElectricfieldstrengthBBufferconcentrationCTemperatureDBuffertype

正确答案：ABCDAssignment第1题Whichofthefollowingisnotanadvantageofradioimmunoassay？AItcandetecttraceantigenandhapten.BItcandetecttraceantibody.CHighsensitivity.DHighspecificity.第2题Whichoneaboutthestandardforradioimmunoassayisright?AIthasthesameimmuneactivityandnoequalaffinityasthetestedsample.BIthasthesameimmuneactivityandaffinityasthetestedsample.CIthasdifferentimmuneactivityandaffinitycomparedwiththetestedsample.DIthasdifferentimmuneactivitybutsameaffinityasthetestedsample.第3题Whatarethenecessaryregentsforacompleteradioimmunoassay?ASpecificantigen,labeledantibodyBLabeledantigen,standard,specificantibody.CSpecificantibody.DLabeledantigen,

standard.第4题Whichoneisthecorrectdescriptionaboutthedisadvantegeofradioimmunoassay?APoorsensitivityBLowspecificityCPoorrepeatabilityDRadioactivecontaminationofnuclides第5题Basedonwhatcouldenzymeimmunoassaybedividedintohomogeneousandheterogeneoustechniques?AAntigeniccharacteristics.BAntibodycharacteristics.CWhetheritisnecessarytoseparatebindingandfreemarkersafterantigen-antibodyreaction.DStabilityofenzyme.第6题Whichofthefollowingdescriptionoffluorescentmarkersfortime-resolvedfluorescenceimmunoassayarecorrect？AThemarkerisinstable.

BLanthanidechelatecouldbeusedasamarker.

CThefluorescencedecaytimeofsomeproteinsinbiosamplesin1-1000microseconds.

DItcaneffectivelyeliminatetheinterferenceofnon-specificbackgroundfluorescence.正确答案：BD第7题IntermsoftheadvantagesofCEIA,whichoneisnotcorrect?ASomeproteincomponentscouldbeseparatedaccordingtotheircharge,andthenreactedwithantibody.BCEIAneedsmallamountofthesample.

CThefreeandbindingformsofimmunecomplexescanbeobserveddirectly.DItcannotsolvethefalsepositiveproblemcausedbycrossreactioninimmunereaction.第8题Capillaryelectrophoresis-basedimmunoassayisabbreviatedasACIEFBCEIACCITPDMECC第9题Amongthefollowingdetectionmethods,whichcouldbeusedforthecapillaryelectrophoresis-basedimmunoassay?AUVdetection.BLaser-inducedfluorescencedetection.CParticle