UnitLaughoutLoud!UsinglanguageGrammar课件高二英语外研版选择性

Unit1Laughoutloud!UsinglanguageNon-definingattributiveclausesLearningobjectives1.

Recognize

theform,functionofnon-definingattributiveclausesbyobservingandanalyzing.2.Conclude

thedifferencesbetweennon-defininganddefiningattributiveclausesbyanalyzingandsummarizing.3.Use

non-definingattributiveclauses.Babywon’tyoutellmewhythereissadnessinyoureyesIdon’twannasaygoodbyetoyouLoveisonebigillusion___________IshouldtrytoforgetbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadYou'retheone___________setitupnowyou'retheonetomakeitstopI'mtheone______________isfeelinglostrightnowNowyouwantmetoforgeteverylittlething_____yousaidbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadIwon'tforgettheway_______________you'rekissingThefeelingssostrongwerelastingforsolongButI'mnottheman____________________yourheartismissingThat’swhyyougoawayIknow!Listentoasongandfillintheblankswithappropriateconjunctions.(that/which)

That'swhyyougoawaywho/that

who/that(that)(that/inwhich)(whom/who/that)Activity1Lead-inMichaelLearnstoRockI’mabrownbear.定语的定义brown定语

定语

修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的成分。定义

定语从句先行词+引导词+从句Nancyisagirlthatissmiling.1.先行词被修饰的名词或者代词。2.引导词=关系词(1)种类关系代词关系副词(2)作用引导定语从句在从句中作成分指代先行词

关系副词关系副词先行词句中成分地点地点状语时间时间状语原因原因状语wherewhenwhy先行词关系代词句中成分人/物主语/宾语物主语/宾语人主语/宾语人宾语人/物定语thatwhowhichwhomwhoes关系代词&关系副词定语从句解题关键：根据先行词和定语从句中所缺成分来判断关系词。做限制性定语从句的思路1.划分主从句2.找出先行词3.补全从句判断是否缺少主干成分是否缺主语：指人Who/that

指物which/that充当定语：指人/物whose缺宾语：

指人Who/that/whom/不填

指物which/that/不填充当状语：when/where/whyHaveatryGodhelpthosepeople.Thosepeoplehelpthemselves.找判替连人who/thatGodhelpthosepeoplewho/thathelpthemselves.特色面具请帮Cony及她的朋友们选择合适的面具吧！whomTheboy__________ishandsomeisBrown.who特色面具Allthechildrenliketheteacherwith___________Mr.Greenwork.who请帮Cony及她的朋友们选择合适的面具吧！whom特色面具Ihaveafriend__________nameisLiuMei.

whoes请帮Cony及她的朋友们选择合适的面具吧！whom定语从句THEATRIBUTIVE

CLAUSECHAPTER2定从的分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句我们一样吗？我们不一样~Lookatthesentencesandanswerquestions.1.Whatdo“where”,“which”and“when”refertoineachsentence?Lookatthesentencesandanswerquestions.2.Whichsentencescontainaclausewithessentialinformation（必要信息）

andwhichwithextrainformation（补充信息）?Ifyoutakeawaytheclauses,dothesentencesstillmakesense?extrainformation;

makesenseessentialinformation;

notcompleteLookatthesentencesandanswerquestions.3Whichclausesareseparatedbyacomma,theoneswithessentialinformationortheoneswithextrainformation?extrainformation;非限制性定语从句关系代词关系副词限制性人：that,

who,whom时间：when物：which,as地点：where原因：why所属：whose非限制性人：who,whom时间：when物：which,as地点：where所属：whose

原因：forwhich是对先行词加以描述、解释或补充说明的定语从句。它不是句中不可或缺的部分，去掉此句不会影响主句意思的完整性。概述关系词总结：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别名词限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句分类标准与先行词关系紧密与先行词或主句关系不紧密作用修饰或限制先行词对先行词起限定作用。对先行词或主句作附加的补充、说明作用。能否省略不可省略，否则原句意思不完整。若省略，原句仍然成立。省略对原句的意义不影响。结构不用逗号与主句隔开。用逗号与主句隔开。先行词名词或代词名词、代词、短语、句子关系词A.作宾语时可省略。B.可用that,whyC.可用who代替whomA.作宾语时不可省略B.不用that,whyC.不用who代替whom翻译译为先行词的定语，“……的”。译为两个半句，即并列句。特殊情况：asWehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.Heisnotthesamemanashewas.思考：as是哪一类关系词？这类句子有什么特点？Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.Heisnotthe

samemanashewas.

1.as引导限制性定语从句时，主要用于thesame…as…，such…as…，so…as…结构中。as在定语从句中既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。特殊情况：as特殊情况：as

Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.He’sfromthesouth,asismentionedabove.John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.非限制性定语从句众所周知正如上面所提到的你知道的as常与从句中的know/see/hear/expect等动词连用asisoftenthecase这是常有的事asisknown,asissaid,asisreported,asisexpected特殊情况：as众所周知，吸烟有害健康。Asisknowntoall,smokingisharmfultoourhealth.=Smokingisharmfultoourhealth,asisknowntoall.=Smoking,asisknowntoall,isharmfultoourhealth.比较：Smokingisharmfultoourhealth,whichisknowntoall.aswhich位置句首、句中、句末常在主句之后翻译正如、就像……那样这，这一点①

isreported,thepopstarwillcometoXiushuinextmonth.②ThepopstarwillcometoXiushuinextmonth,

isreported.③Itwasthefourthtimethathehadgotfirstprize,

surprisedallofus.④Hepublishedsomanybooks,someof

arestillpopular.⑤Look!Hewearsthesamekindofshoes

youdo.AsaswhichwhichasPRACTICEMAKESPERFECTAsorWhich？as常见搭配众所周知正如你所知道的那样正如所预料的那样正如我们所期待的正如上面所提到的正如报道/所说的那样正如一句谚语所说/俗话说正如指出的正如你所看见的

情况通常如此练习册【对点练】（选词填空：as/which)①(2023·全国甲卷)Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,____RachelCarsonsaysin"AFableforTomorrow".②Really,thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownontheway,______mademydadintrouble.③Thereisnosimpleanswer,___isoftenthecaseinscience.④____weallknow,heisagiftedpianist.aswhichAsas练习一：关系词的选用：一看成分，二看指代Theprofessor________visitedourschoolyesterdayafternoonisfromPakistan.Theman___________________Italkedtojustnow

isMr.Shao.Thesearethetrees__________wereplantedlastyear.Theradio___________heisusing

ismadeinChina.Aplaneisamachine____canfly.Hehascometothepoint_________hisdecisionmayinfluencehiswholelife.whowhom/who/不填whichwhich/不填thatwhere思考：什么情况下关系词可以不填？1.I’llneverforgetthedays________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays_________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_______hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________hegave.

whenwhichwherewhichwhythat/which及物动词及物动词及物动词练习二：关系词的选用：一看成分，二看指代Theboys_____areplantingtreesonthehillareschoolstudents.Haveyouseenthebooks_____heboughtyesterday?Thestudent_____

wevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.Sheisthegirl_____fatherisaprofessor.Helivesinsucharoom_____hasnowindows.Helikestousethedictionary_____waspublishedin1986.Doyouremembertheday_____wemeteachother?Thisisthehouse_____welivedfor10years.Cooperationisthereason_____theywonthegame.练习三：用正确的关系代词/副词填空。whowhywherewhenwhichaswhosewhowhichReadthepassageandrewritethetipsusingnon-definingattributiveclauses.Goforawalkinthecountryside,where

youcanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends,whichwillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.Trytoacceptyourmistakes,where/throughwhichyoucanlearnalot.Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture,whereyou’vemadeyourdreamscometrue.Exercises

UsethegrammarMoretipstomaintainapositivemind.Shareyoursorrowwithyourbestfriends,whomustbewillingtogiveadviceandrelatetoyou.Readsomejokesandwatchsomecrosstalkshows,whichwillrelieveyourpressure.Completethepassage.1.

,who

islyingnexttohim2.

,whichhefindsannoying3.,which

hethinkswillimpressHolmes4.

,who

haslosthispatiencebynow缺主语缺主语缺宾语缺主语注意1：whose1.Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.whose+名词可以换成the+名词+ofwhich/whom/ofwhich/whom+the+名词。Thehouse，thewindowofwhichisbroken,ismine.2.Lookatthegirl.Herhairislongandwavy.Lookatthegirlwhosehairislongandwavy.Lookatthegirl,thehairofwhomislongandwavy.1.当先行词既包括人又包括物时Hetalkedaboutthemenandthebooksthatattractedhim.2.指物先行词被thevery,just,theright,theonly,thelast等修饰时Thesearetheverypointsthatinterestme.ThetrainisthelastthatwillgotoBeijing.3.先行词是指物的不定代词all,any,every,much,some,few,little,no及something,everything,anything,nothing,none或这些词被修饰时Thereisstillmuchthatcanbedoneaboutit.注意2：thatvswhich只能用that的情况4.指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时Thefirststepthatwearetotakeisverydifficult.Thisisthebestwaythathasbeenusedtodealwithpollution.5.主句主语是who或which时Whothathaveseenhimdoesnotlikehim?Whichisthebikethatyoulost?6.有两个定语从句，为了避免重复，一个用which，一个用thatTheybuiltasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.只能用that的情况注意2：thatvswhich1.非限制性定语从句中Hetalkedabouthissuccess,whichboredothers.2.紧跟介词后TheisthehouseinwhichIlivedfor10years.3.先行词本身就是thatWhat’sthatwhichflashedthroughtheskyjustnow?注意3：thatvswhich只能用which的情况注意4：–wayWhatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway______________hesaidit.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.Theway__________________heexplainedthesentencewaseasytounderstand.inwhich/that/不填which/that/不填inwhich/that/不填特殊情况–way:way作从句中的主、宾、表–that/which/省略

way做状语–that/inwhich/省略1.非限制性定语:从句与主句的关系只是对先行词作些附加说明，即使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚完整。它与主向之问通常用逗号分开。2.非限制性定语从句不用that引导。Iamfondofthenovel,whichyouboughtforme.我喜欢那本小说,就是你给我买的那本。Summary3.非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用forwhich代替why。Thereason,forwhichhecouldn'treducehisconsumption,wasn'tgiven.他为何不能降低消费,他没有给出任何理由。4.非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。Heoftencomestoschoollate,whichmakeshisteacherangry.(先行词为主句的内容)他经常上学迟到,这使得他的老师很生气。090102030405080706thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhyas人物物人人人,物时间地点原因人,物Amindmap(思维导图)ofattributiveclauses.1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_________frightenedher.2.Sheheardaterriblenoise____________frightenedher.3.Ihadtoldthemthereason,_________Ididn'tattendthemeeting.4.Ihadtoldthemthereason_______________Ididn'tattendthemeeting.5.Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother,_________helovedandrespectedashisownmother.6.Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother________________helovedandrespectedashisownmother.7.DoyouknowTom________________wetalkedabout?8.DoyouknowTom,_________wetalkedabout?whichwhich/thatforwhichwhy/forwhichwhom（who/whom/that）(who/whom/that)whom加赠练习：单句语法填空9.Thingswillturnoutcontrarytoone'swishes,__________isoftenthecase.10.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,

eachof

usesitdifferently.11.Thecar,for___________Ipaidalotofmoney,isnowoutofdate.12.Isuggestyougotoaspecialist(专家),from___________youcangetanswerstomostofyourquestions.13.Inthischapter(章节),oneofourproblemsistodiscovertheprincipleson______thesetestsarebased.14.

isknowntoeverybody,laughterishealthierthananger.aswhichwhomwhichAswhich用恰当的关系词填空MostpeoplehaveneverheardofTimBernersLee.HeisnotasfamousasEinstein,①______namehasbecomeverywellknown.Berners-Lee,②____worksinasmallofficeattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,isthecreatoroftheWorldWideWeb.HewasborninEnglandin1955.Hisparents,③_____helpeddesigntheworld'sfirstcommerciallyavailablecomputer,gavehimagreatloveofmathsandlearning.In1980,Berners-LeewenttoworkataphysicslaboratoryinSwitzerland,④_______hehadalotofmaterialtolearnquickly.Hehadapoormemoryforfactsandwantedtofindawaytohelphimkeeptrackofthethings⑤_________hecouldn'tremember.whoeswhowhowherethat/which用恰当的关系词填空Hedesignedasoftwareprogram⑥___________allowedhimtocreateadocumentthathadlinkstootherdocuments.Hecontinuedtodevelophisideathroughthe1980s.In1991,hisprojectbecameknownastheWorldWideWeb.Thenumberofpeople⑦______usedtheInternetstartedtogrowquickly.However,Berners-Leeisnotcompletelyhappywiththewayin⑧_____theWebhasdeveloped.Ithasbecomeapassivetoolforsomanypeople,notthetoolforcreativity⑨__________hehadimagined.In1999,hepublishedabookcalledWeavingtheWeb,⑩_______heansweredquestionshewasoftenasked.who/thatwhichwherethat/whichthat/which

定语从句改错1.IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhichIlivedonthefarm.2.Hepaidtheman$20forwashingthewindows,mostofthemhadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.3.InthepolicestationIsawthemanfromwhichroomhewitnessedthemurder.4.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedintheschool.5.ThereasonwhyIwasawayfromschoolisbecauseIwasillyesterday.whenwhichwhoesthatthat1.Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.2.Theshapecreatesaperfectmarketwheregoodscouldbeshippedandreceivedusingtheriverasahighway.3.MostofHo'sstudentswillrecover,whichmeansthatpreparingthemtoreturntoschoolisanincreasinglyimportantcomponentofcare.4.…,foodproducersandsellersarelookingforwaystousemoreofwhatwe'realreadygrowing.5.Itchangeditsmenutoexclusively(专门)offerfoodthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.6.Studentswhoarearoundplantsperformbetteracademicallythanstudentswhoareinaclassroomwithoutplants体验高考

[2025·全国二卷]Grammar-filling1.(2025年全国二卷）Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,

bambooandteabushes(灌木)growwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,andcentralheatingdoesn'texist.2.（2025年全国一卷）AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,

originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.3.[2024·全国乙卷]Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman

haircolorlookedjustperfect.wherewhichwhoseGrammar-filling4.【2024新课标二卷】Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(纪念)TangXianzu,

isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon,WilliamShakespeare’shometown.5.【2023年全国乙卷】Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace

welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.whothat/whichLead-in齐声朗读：关于非限定性定语从句：1.形式上由逗号和主句分开，关系词不可以省略，不是修饰限定先行词的作用，而是补充解释的作用，通常翻译成两个句子。2.只有两个关系代词不能引导：why和that；3.指人的关系代词作宾语时,只能用宾格whom,不能用who替换；4.从句置于句首时,不能用which引导，要用as5