河北省沧州市四校2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语

20252026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemaneatyesterdayevening?A.Sandwich.B.Steak.C.Pizza2.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofMike?A.Heisgenerous.B.Heisagoodleader.C.Heismeanwithmoney.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?AAtennisgame.B.Asportscenter.C.Apieceofnews.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewoman?A.Sheisarrangingatrip.B.Sheisseeingafriendoff.C.Sheisboardingafight.5.Whereisthecinemanow?A.OppositeCentralPark.B.Nexttothebank.C.OnMainStreet.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdothespeakershaveinmon?A.Theyaregoodatgeography.B.TheyfeelconfidentaboutEnglish.C.TheyneedhelpwithChinese.7.WhichwordbestdescribesWilliam?A.Patient.B.Smart.C.Humorous.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydidthemancallthemanager?A.Tohaveaninterview.B.Toaskaboutaresult.C.Toplainabouthisposition.9.Howwillthewomanhelptheman?A.Bycallingthebankinperson.B.Byintroducingafriendtohim.C.Byteachinghimsomeinterviewskills.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdoesChristhinkofdrawingincoffeeshops?A.It’schallenging.B.It’sboring.C.It’senjoyable.11.WhatisChris’dreamproject?A.Todrawonmaps.B.Toteachmorepeopletodraw.C.Todrawonsomethingverypersonal.12.WheredoesChris’inspirationforartefrom?A.Histravels.B.Hisparents.C.Hisdreams.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheman’sjob?A.Areceptionist.B.Asecretary.C.Atourguide.14.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman?A.Hegaveherincorrectdirections.B.Thereisnoreservationforher.C.Hemisspelledhernameinthesystem.15.Whatsuggestiondoesthemanoffer?A.Tovisitadifferenthotel.B.Towaitandcheckinlater.C.Toturntohismanagerdirectly.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Tidyuparoom.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Havealightmeal.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe“munityHealth&FitnessWeek”?A.Tofindtalentedyoungathletes.B.Toraisemoneyforlocalhospitals.C.Toencouragepeopletolivehealthily.18.Whoarethefreetrialsportssessionsmainlyfor?A.Teenagers.B.Professionalcoaches.C.Familieswithchildren.19.Whatwillparticipantsgetafterfinishingthefunrun?A.Afreehealthcheck.B.Aspecialmedal.C.Abalanceddietplan.20.WhendoestheregistrationdeskclosenextSaturday?p.m.p.m.p.m.B.At5p.m.C.At9a.m.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChildren'sDiscoveryMuseumGeneralInformationaboutGroupPlayPricingGroupplay:$7/personScholarshipsWeofferscholarshipstolowineschoolsandyouthorganizations,subjecttoavailability.Participationinapostvisitsurveyisrequired.Scholarshipsareforgroupplayadmissionfeesand/ortransportation.Transportationinvoices(发票)mustbereceivedwithin60daysofyourvisittoguaranteethescholarship.GroupSizeWerequireonechaperone(监护人)pertenchildren.Failuretoprovideenoughchaperoneswillresultinanextrachargeof$50perabsentadult.Groupplayisforgroupsof10ormorewithalimitof35people.Forgroupsof35ormore,pleasecalltodiscussoptions.HoursThemuseumisopendailyfrom9:30a.m.to4:30p.m.Groupplaymaybescheduledduringanydayortimethemuseumisopen.RegistrationPolicyRegistrationmustbemadeatleasttwoweeksinadvance.Registeronlineorfilloutagroupplayregistrationformwithmultipledateandstarttimeoptions.Oncetheregistrationformisreceivedandprocessed,wewillsendaconfirmationemailwithintwobusinessdays.GuidelinesTeachersandchaperonesshouldmodelgoodbehaviourforthegroupandremainwithstudentsatalltimes.Childrenarenotallowedunacpaniedinallareasofthemuseum.Childrenshouldplaynicelywitheachotherandexhibits.Useyourindoorvoicewhenatthemuseum.1.Whatdoesagroupneedtodoiftheyareofferedascholarship?A.Prepaytheadmissionfees. B.Takeasurveyafterthevisit.C.Usethemuseum'stransportation. D.Scheduletheirvisitonweekdays.2.Howmanychaperonesareneededforagroupof30childrentovisitthemuseum?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.Whatarechildrenprohibitedfromdoingatthemuseum?A.Usingtheputer. B.Talkingwitheachother.C.Touchingtheexhibits. D.Exploringtheplacealone.BTurning18isabigdealwhenyouareateenager.Itmeansyouareresponsibleforyourselfanddon'tneedyourparents'permissionanymore.However,therearelotsofopinionsaboutwhenonebeesanadult.Somearebasedonscience,whileothersarepersonalopinions.Whilecurrentlytheageis18,sciencesupports25asamoresensibleageforadulthood,andIagree.Whilestudyingthebrainsofteenagers,scientistshavelearnedthatwhenkidsarearound18,theirprefrontalcortex(前额皮层)isonlyhalfwaydeveloped.Theprefrontalcortexhelpspeoplesetandachievegoalsbyreceivingsignalsfromdifferentregionsofthebraintoprocessinformationandadaptingaccordingly.Thathalfwaydevelopmentmeansthatyoustillhavethingstolearnandyourbrainsstillhavetimetodevelopuntiltheageof25.Somepeoplethinkgoingofftocollegeandlivingonyourownqualifyyouasanadult,whileothersmaybelievehavingasteadyineandbeingabletoaffordtoliveonyourownarewhatmakeyouanadult.Noteveryonehasafortunatelifewheretheyhavefamilythatcanprovidesupport;therearesituationswhereyouareforcedtobeean"adult"whetheryoulikeitornot.Inthefostercaresystem,onceachildturns18,heorsheisconsideredanadultandcannolongerreceivestatesponsoredsupport.Thesechildrenareforcedintoalifewheretheyhavenofamilyoranyonetosupportthemotherthanthosewhoaretherefortheminthesystem.Havingaqualityjobwillallowyoutosupplyyourselfwithnecessarythingstoliveandhelpyoubeeamorematureandresponsibleperson.Also,goingthroughdifficulttimesandrealizinglifeisn'taseasyasitseemsshouldqualifysomeoneasanadult.4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsconsidering25asanageforadulthood?A.Cautious. B.Positive.C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.5.Howdoestheprefrontalcortexworktohelppeoplesetandachievegoals?A.Bydealingwithreceivedsignalsandrespondingaccordingly.B.Bycollectinginformationfromotherpartsofthebody.C.Bysendinginstructionstodifferentregionsofthebrain.D.Bytransportingsensedemotionsandmakingrecords.6.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A.Togiveadefinitionofadulthood.B.Tostresstheimportanceoffamilysupport.C.Toprovenoteveryonelivesafortunatelife.D.Toshowopinionsonbeinganadultaredivided.7.Whatisonestandardqualifyingyouasanadultaccordingtotheauthor?A.Settingupafamily. B.Beingresponsibleforyourstudy.C.Embracingthelowmomentsinlife. D.Buyingyourselfqualitythingstolive.CGettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.dirty.Uponly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchKinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidtheKingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,theKingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefintheassethealth.Cleanlonglived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirsttimeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫学家)encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.8.WhydidtheKingofFranceclosethebathhousesinthe16thcentury?A.Helivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironment.B.Hethoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayin.C.Hebelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbaths.D.Heconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"asset"inparagraph3mean?A.Advantage. B.Lack. C.Development. D.Shorting.10.Howdoesthetextmainlydevelop?A.Byprovidingexamples. B.Bymakingparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime. D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tostresstheroleofdirt.B.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.C.Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.D.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.DWhatisthefutureofartificialintelligence(AI)?Willitbepossibleforrobotstobeautonomous?Ifso,whenwillthathappenandwillitbeagoodthing?Weaskedfourexpertswhattheythink.ExpertA:IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayoffdevelopingtheputingpowerforfullyautonomousAI.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnology.However,noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbeemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus,ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives.ExpertB:Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorsurpasshumanintelligencefrightenme.Atsomepointinthenearfuture,theirintelligencemaywelltakeoffanddevelopataneverincreasingspeed.Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargenumberofunemployedpeople.ExpertC:Personally,Ithinkit'sfascinatingtoconsiderhowwe'llspeedupourevolutionasaspeciesbyimprovingourbodies.Imagineifyoucouldputaputerinsideourbrain!Soonwe'llbeabletodojustthatandenhanceourmathematicalabilityandourmemory,andthisideaisonlygoingtobeemoreandmoremon.AIisalsopoppingupintheworldaroundus.Granted,therehavebeenafewproblems.Butprogressalwaysesatacost,andformetheadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.ExpertD:I'mamemberoftheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.Thinkofwhat'shappeningrightnow:militarymachinesarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninput.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous"murderbots",followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itseemscleartomethatthiswouldbepletelydangerousforhumanity.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachinestodo.12.WhatisExpertA'sattitudetowardsthefutureofAI?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Critical. D.Doubtful.13.WhatisExpertBfrightenedof?A.Highfutureunemployment. B.Humanintelligenceinthefuture.C.Largescalepovertyandsocialunrest. D.Humanintelligence'sbeingovere.14.WhothinksautonomousAIdoesmoregoodthanharm?A.ExpertA. B.ExpertB. C.ExpertC. D.ExpertD.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AI:FriendsorEnemies? B.Technology:SafeorDangerous?C.TheGoodInfluenceofAI D.TheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AreYourClothesCausingPollution?Verysmallpiecesofplastic,calledmicrofibers,arepollutingriversandoceans.16Clotheswornforoutdooractivitiesandexerciseareoftenmadeofartificialmaterial,whichisusefulinkeepingwarm.Buttheycontainverysmallplasticfibers,whichmayalsobeharmingtheenvironmentwhenyouwashthem.Whenpeoplewashtheseclothes,verysmallpiecesgodownthedrain(下水道)withthewashwater.17Pollutioncausedbyplasticisnotnew,butrecentstudieshaveshowntheeffectofmicrofibersintheenvironment.Theyshowverysmallmicrofibersareendingupinourwaters,whichmayefromwastewatertreatmentfactories.AstudyfoundtheminfishfromCalifornia.Microfiberseffectonfoodsupplies.Beyondthewaterways,theresearcherssaymicrofibersmayendupinsoilandagriculturallands.18Thismeansthereismuchtobelearnedaboutmicrofibersandtheenvironment.Somestudieshaveshownthatmicrofibersendupinsideseaanimals,likeoysters.19Researcherssaythatthefiberstendnottomoveintothetissueofthefish,butitneedsmorestudy.Stepstosaveorkeepmicrofibersfromtheenvironment.Untilmoreinformationbeesknown,therearestepstotaketoreducetheamountofmicrofibersintheenvironment.Peopleshoulduselessoftheartificialmaterials.Ifwealreadyhavethoseinourlivesandwe'reusingthem,animportantstepwouldbewashingthemless.20Abagisbeingdesignedinwhichpeoplecanwashtheseclothes.Ittrapsthemicrofibersinthebaganditmaybeavailableforpurchasesoon.A.Newtechnologymayalsohelp.B.Studiesonmicrofibersintheenvironment.C.Theycanalsomovearoundtheatmosphere.D.Studiesonhowmanyofthemicrofibersarereleased.E.Thesourceofthesemicrofibersmaysurpriseyou:yourclothes.F.Washingmachineskeepmicrofibersfromescapingwithwashwater.G.Soifthesemicrofibershavebeenfoundinfishandseafood,aretheysafetoeat?第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GrowingupinapoorAfricanAmericanneighbourhood,Allambbyfacedlowexpectationsandnumerousbarriersto21hisdream.Doingwellinschoolcouldprovedangerous.Allambbysays,“Therewereoftentimesyouwouldn'tcarryyourbookshome.”Sohe22thoughtsofbeingadoctorinfavourofamorerealisticcareerpath——fixingcars.He'dstarteditattheageof19,workingaloneoutofarentedbayinafriend'sgarage.Overtheyearsithad23intotwoshopswith11employees,butAllambbyhadbeeanxious,longingforsomethingmore.Soattheageof34,he24management.Afterachelor'sdegreeinbusinessmanagement.Aftertakingclassesparttimeoverthenextfiveyears,Allambbywastoldhehadtotakebiologytogethis25.Biologyclassawakenedachildhooddreamthathehad26somewheredeepwithinhimself.Hereasonedthatbeingadoctorwhenhewouldbe27theageof50seemedfoolishandcrazyandthathewould28beinganurse.ButAllamby'schemistryprofessor29himafterclassoneday."Carl,"hesaid,"you'reliketheoldestguyhere.What'syourendgame?"Allambysaidhe'dliketobeeadoctorbutitwouldbemore30toaimlower."Whynota31?"theprofessorasked."Youhaveagiftforthework.Youwillgoalongway."Hewasright.AllambygotAinallhis32.Andsoin2015,Allamby33tieswithhispast.Hesoldhistwoshopsandeverythingthatwasinthem.Thenhestartedata(n)34university.In2019,attheageof47,CarlAllambybecameadoctor."MynewlifefeelslikethelifethatI'velivedforsolong,"hesaid."Itjustso35thatinsteadoffixingcars,I'mfixingpeople."21.A.quitting B.pursuing C.searching D.operating22.A.setaside B.broughtabout C.letdown D.tookup23.A.arisen B.split C.broken D.grown24.A.decided B.dreamed C.suited D.continued25.A.proof B.level C.degree D.permit26.A.showed B.hidden C.exposed D.presented27.A.closing B.addressing C.ing D.approaching28.A.instead B.already C.still D.thus29.A.struck B.scolded C.stopped D.screamed30.A.imaginary B.practical C.economical D.thrilling31.A.manager B.nurse C.professor D.doctor32.A.courses B.speeches C.thoughts D.inquiries33.A.caught B.cut C.dragged D.fastened34.A.artistic B.biological C.medical D.physical35.A.proves B.occurs C.happens D.says第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Africahasbeencalledthe"darkcontinent"forlongbecauseitlackstechnology,electricityandother36(achieve)ofthemodernworld.However,itisbeginningtochange.Africaisstartingtocatchupwith37(industry)countriesandthedrivingforcebehindthisnewdevelopmentistheInternetandtheWorldWideWeb.NowAfricaisthefastest38(grow)placeontheearth.Sofar,governments,businessesandindividuals39(realize)thatinordertodevelopquickly,moderntechnologyisneeded.ASIMcardusedtocostabout$100inNiger.Todayyoucanbuyoneforunder$2andphonecallshavebeemuch40(cheap),too.Asaresult,23%ofitspopulationarenowmobilephoneusers.41(equip)withthisnewservice,peoplecanconnecttotheInternet42(easy).ManyNigerianshaveaccess43theWorldWideWebnow.InEthiopiafarmerscannowgetthepricesoftheirfarmingproductsinrealtime.Previously,mostofthesmallfarmersofthecountrydidnotknow44thepricesoftheirproductswereat45certaintime.Today,theycanphoneinandgetanuptotheminutereportonprices.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将于下周六晚举办一场英语演讲比赛，主题是讲述自己的成长故事。请你给外教MsSmith写一封邮件，邀请她担任评委并致闭幕词，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.闭幕词内容；3.期待回复。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onewinternight,asnowstormsweptoverMinnesota.Residentsdidnotanticipatesuchastrongstorm,somanywereunprepared.InLucas’case,theroofofhishousebroke,andhehadtoplacebuckets(水桶)underalargeholetokeepthefallingsnowfromfillinghishome.Heworkedasacashieratthelocalstore,andwhilehewantedtostayhomethedayafterthestorm,heneededtofillinforthosewhocouldn'tgotowork.Therewereonlyacoupleofpeopleinthestore,asitwaschallengingtocopewithdeepsnowinthestreets.Theyboughtalotoffoodjustincaseofmoresnowstorms.Afterservingacoupleofadults,Lucascameacrossaboy,about11yearsold,withacart(推车)fullofgoods.OnceLucasgavehimthetotal,theboyrealizedhewastwodollarsshorttomeetthepayment.“Ohno,Imiscalculatedthetotal,”theboysaid,lookingaroundthestorethinkingofwhattodo.Afteracoupleofseconds,Lucasgrewangry.“Well?Areyoupayingforthegoodsornot?You'reholdinguptheline!”heshouted.“I'msorry.Iamtwodollarsshort.Ineedtotakesomethingsoutofmycart.PleaseservetheothersfirstwhileIsortthingsout,”theboyexplained,walkingtothesidetoletothercustomersgoahead.Lucasthoughttheboywasplayingtricksonhim,especiallyaftercheckingoutsomanyitemsfromthestore.Thenhesawthetennisrackets(球拍curious.Onceheboy'sfeetandthismadehimcurious.OnceLucashadservedallthecustomers,hedecidedtoapproachtheboy.“Whydoyouhavetennisracketsfixedtoyourfeet?”heasked.“ThisistheonlywayIcouldgetthroughthesnowonthewaytothestore.Ilivewithmyoldgrandmother,andIneededsuppliesforherandourotherneighbours.Myneighbours’housewascoveredinsnow.Iwantedtohelpthem,”theboyexplainedsadly.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Lucasgavetheboytwodollarsandwalkedtheboybacktohishouse.Thenextday,whilewonderinghowtofixtheroof,Lucassuddenlyheardaknockonthedoor.

第一部分15ACCAB610ACBCA1115ACBCB1620ACBAC第二部分阅读第一节A【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章提供了关于儿童探索博物馆团体游的相关信息。1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据Scholarship中“Participationinapostvisitsurveyisrequired.”可知，如果一个团体获得了奖学金，需要在参观后参与一项问卷调查活动。故选B。2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据GroupSize中“Werequireonechaperone(监护人)pertenchildren.”可知，十个孩子需要一个监护人，那么三十个孩子则需要三个监护人。故选C。3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Guidelines中“ChildrenarenotallowedunacpaniedinallareasoftheMuseum.”可知，儿童必须在监护人的陪伴下才能进入博物馆，即儿童不能单独进入博物馆进行探索。故选D。B【语篇导读】本文是说明文。虽然青少年到了法定年龄就意味着个人可以开始行使公民权利，但是与真正的成年还存在距离。4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“sciencesupports25…andIagree”可知，对于科学家们认为25岁是一个更合理的成年的年龄这个观点，作者是支持的。故选B。5.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theprefrontalcortexhelps…processinformationandadaptingaccordingly.”可知，前额皮层的主要功能是帮助人们制订和实现目标，而这项功能是通过接收大脑其它部位输入的信息并对其进行加工，进而作出相应的调整来实现的。故选A。6.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Somepeoplethink…qualifyyouasanadult,whileothersmaybelieve…makeyouanadult……therearesituations……beean‘adult’”列举了不同的人对“成年”的不同理解。故选D。7.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“…goingthroughdifficulttimes…qualifysomeoneasanadult”可知，经历一些困境并意识到生活不易也是成年的标志之一。故选C。C【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了不同时期人们对污垢的不同理解以及持有的不同态度。8.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538，的Frenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.”可知选项C符合题意。故选C。9.A【解析】词义猜测题。文章第二段讲述了十六世纪早期人们认为污垢有利于抵御疾病，而第三段开始讲述“dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcentury”，可以推测asset意为“优点”。故选A。10.C【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，从十六世纪早期人们认为污垢有利于抵御疾病，到十八世纪人们站在科学角度，认为洗净污垢有利于身体健康，再到今天人们对污垢的态度又有所不同，可以看出文章是按照时间顺序来组织全文的。故选C。11.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt”和最后一段“Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是要呈现不同时期人们对污垢的看法。故选D。D【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要讨论了人工智能对我们未来生活的影响。有的专家认为人工智能会给我们带来更多的好处，而有的专家则对人工智能的影响表示担忧。12.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives.”可知，专家A相信人工智能将对我们未来的生活产生积极的影响。故选A。13.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorsurpasshumanintelligencefrightenme.”可知，人工智能的潜在后果让专家B感到害怕。故选D。14.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Butprogressalwaysesatacost,andformetheadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.”可知，专家C认为人工智能的利远大于弊。故选C。15.A【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了四个专家对人工智能的不同看法，有人认为是一件好事，有人则持不同的观点。A项“人工智能：朋友还是敌人?”符合文章的主旨。故选A。第二节【语篇导读】本文是说明文。被称为超细纤维，非常小的塑料碎片，是污染河流和海洋的物质。这些超细纤维的来源可能会让你大吃一惊：你的衣服。16.Eexercise...到超细纤维是污染河流和海洋的物质。”且下文提到“Clotheswornforoutdooractivitiesandexercise...”可知,E项承上启下，指出这些污染环境的物质可能存在于衣物中。故选E。17.B【解析】根据下文“butrecentstudieshaveshowntheeffectofmicrofibersintheenvironment”可知，本段的小标题应该在讲关于超细纤维与环境的研究。故选B。18.C【解析】根据上文“Beyondthewaterways,theresearcherssaymicrofibersmayendupinsoilandagriculturallands.”可知,C项承接上文，指出除了上文指出的土壤和农业用地之外，超细纤维还可能游离在大气中。故选C。19.G【解析】根据上文“Somestudieshaveshownthatmicrofibersendupinsideseaanimals,likeoysters.”可知,G项承接上文，提出了含有超细纤维的鱼类和海产品是否可以食用的疑问。故选G。20.A【解析】根据下文“Abagisbeingdesignedinwhichpeoplecanwashtheseclothes.Ittrapsthemicrofibersinthebaganditmaybeavailableforpurchasesoon.”可知，能够将超细纤维留住的洗衣袋属于一项新技术。A项引出下文。故选A。第三部分语言运用第一节【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了出身贫寒的汽车修理工Allamby一路成长并克服重重困难，最终实现了儿时梦想的励志故事。