06年广东省中考英语二轮语法突破课件动词及动词短语

动词及动词短语考点导图中考考点回顾考点题型考频（5年23考）考点内容动词词义辨析完形填空5年15考2021：protect，encourage，see2022：help，work，share2023：draw，change，hold2024：think，accept2025:keep,return,start,move动词短语辨析完形填空5年5考2021：lookfor2022：takeaway2023：waitfor2024：leadto2025:giveaway含有动词的固定搭配短文填空5年1考2022:drinktea系动词短文填空5年1考2023：mightbe情态动词

语法选择5年1考2024：can

在近5年广东中考中，语法选择主要考查情态动词，可根据情态动词的意义及用法确定答案，如（2024.38）。

（2024）“Thishabit_____38_____helpPetermanagemoneywell,”shesays.A.need B.must C.can真题解析

考查情态动词can表示“能够”。故选C。

在近5年广东中考中，完形填空主要考查动词词义和短语的辨析，学生需掌握常考动词（短语）的含义，并根据上下文及具体语境推断出答案,如(2024.47)1(2025.45)2。

①（2024）Herheartisfilledwithjoywhenherideaisprovedrightand_____47_____byotherscientists.A.changed B.acceptedC.described D.questioned真题解析

①

句意：当她的想法被证明是正确的且被其他科学家接受（accept）时，她的内心充满喜悦。故选B。②（2025）So,Xuboughtand_____45_____nearly1,000booksinthefollowingyear.A.dugup B.pickedupC.gaveaway D.threwaway真题解析

②

句意：因此，徐先生在接下来的一年里购买并赠送了(gaveaway)近1000本书。故选C。

在近5年广东中考中，短文填空主要考查含有动词的固定搭配：（1）根据语境或固定搭配选择合适的词，如（2022.73）1

；（2）情态动词后接动词原形，如（2023.69）2

。

①（2022）Peoplethereliketo_____73_____teawithsugarormilkinit.真题解析

①

考查含有动词的固定搭配drinktea（喝茶）。因空格前有不定式符号to，所以用动词原形。故填drink。②（2023）Itmight_____69_____theworld'searliestformoftoothbrushes.（选项：be）真题解析

②

考查系动词be。might是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be。考点精讲精练1.动词的基本形式真题1及物动词和不及物动词1基本形式要点及变化规则举

例动词原形用在情态动词、助动词、不定式符号to之后以及祈使句句首等Allpassengersmustwearseatbelts.所有乘客都必须系安全带。Goandwashyourhands!去洗手！基本形式要点及变化规则举

例第三人称单数一般情况直接加-slike→likes，stop→stops，read→reads以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词，直接加-esmiss→misses，watch→watches，wish→wishes以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-esreply→replies，cry→cries，fly→flies不规则变化be→is，have→has基本形式要点及变化规则举

例过去式和过去分词一般情况直接加-edlook→looked，play→played，start→started以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-dlive→lived，hope→hoped，use→used以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop→stopped，plan→planned，nod→nodded以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-edstudy→studied，carry→carried，worry→worried不规则变化cut→cut,buy→bought基本形式要点及变化规则举

例现在分词一般情况直接加-inggo→going，ask→asking，look→looking以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加-ingwrite→writing，make→making，take→taking以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ingget→getting，sit→sitting，put→putting以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加-ingdie→dying，lie→lying，tie→tying（初中共3个）编者按动词的过去式、过去分词的不规则变化详见《早读本》的“英语不规则动词归类记忆表”。

真题22.及物动词和不及物动词的用法行为动词根据其后能否直接跟宾语可分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)。类

别要

点举

例及物动词动词＋宾语Iboughtsomebooksyesterday.我昨天买了一些书。动词＋宾语＋宾补Thesunkeepsuswarm.阳光让我们温暖。动词＋双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)Mymothergavemeanapple.妈妈给了我一个苹果。类

别要

点举

例不及物动词本身有完整的意思，后不接宾语Somethingterriblehashappened.可怕的事发生了。若不及物动词后要接宾语，需加入适当的介词TheyliveinasmallhouseinBeijing.他们住在北京的一所小房子里。【注意】有的动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。例Shesingsverywell.她唱得很好。(sing作不及物动词)ShesanganEnglishsongjustnow.她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing作及物动词)3.动词短语（1）

动词短语在意义上相当于一个行为动词，是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的短语。常见的动词短语有以下几种形式：形式举例动词+介词leadto导致(2024.49)worryabout担心动词+副词takeaway带走(2022.42)giveaway赠送(2025.45)动词+名词takephotos照相drinktea喝茶(2022.73)动词+名词+介词makefriendswith和……交朋友payattentionto注意动词+副词+介词stayawayfrom远离lookbackat回忆；回顾动词+介词+名词gotoschool去上学gotobed上床睡觉【注意】

在“动词＋副词”短语中，名词作宾语时可放在短语的中间或后面，但代词作宾语时一定要放在短语的中间。例Heturnedoffallthelightswhenheleft.=Heturnedallthelightsoffwhenheleft.当他离开时，他关上了所有的灯。Hepickeditupandgaveittome.他捡起它，然后把它交给了我。（2）

同一个动词与不同的介词或副词的搭配、不同动词与同一个介词或副词的搭配会产生不同的意义。①同一动词＋不同介词/副词。例getup起床，geton上车，getoff下车②不同动词＋同一介词/副词。例carefor关心，lookfor寻找(2021.41)，waitfor等待(2023.48)■（基础过关）单项填空()1.Couldyouplease______itagain?Ididn'tquitecatchthat.（2025四川乐山改编）A．talk B．say C．tell D.ask()2.Weoftenhear“Mindyourstep.”whenwe______ahigh-speedtrain.（2025吉林长春)A．putoff B．turnoff C．getoff D．cutoffBC()3.Inyesterday'smathlesson,ourgroup______theproblemafteradiscussion.（2025江苏宿迁）A．cutout B．workedoutC．putoutD．handedout()4.WhenDavidseesthesepostcards,hewill______hiswonderfultravelexperiences.（2025天津)A．remember B．borrow C．hate D．trustBA()5.Iwanttobeadoctorlikemyparents.Theyreally______theirpatients.(2025江苏镇江)A.hearabout B.talkaboutC.careabout D.dreamaboutC■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项takeputhandlookthinkgetgivetake6.Thegovernmentdecidedto______________actiontosolvethisproblem.(2025江苏无锡改编)7.Don'tworryaboutme.Ican______________aftermyself.(2025甘肃金昌改编)8.China'shigh-speedtrainsarefastandcan______________tomostofthecities.(2025西藏改编)9.Tohavemoreclassrooms,we're______________upanewteachingbuilding.10.Thedoctortoldmeto______________upsweetsbecauseIhadatoothache.lookgetputtinggive系动词2【概念】系动词有一定词义，但不完整，不能单独作谓语。它必须与表语一起构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。类

别系动词及含义举

例状态系动词(2023.69)be(am/is/are/was/were)是Sheishonestandkind.她诚实又善良。感官系动词look看起来,smell闻起来,taste尝起来,sound听起来,feel感到Thecaketastesdelicious.这个蛋糕尝起来很美味。类

别系动词及含义举

例持续系动词keep/stay/remain保持ShealwayskeepssilentwheneverIseeher.不管我什么时候看见她，她总保持沉默。变化系动词become变成,get(+好坏/长短/冷热……)变得,turn(+颜色)变得It'sgettinghotterandhotter.天气越来越热。表象系动词seem好像，appear看来Youseemhappy.你好像挺高兴。■（基础过关）单项填空()1.Somepeopleeatwiththeireyes,sotheyliketoorderwhat______nice.（2025四川乐山改编）A．looks B．smells C．tastes D.sounds()2．—Whatdoyouthinkofthechickensoup,Helen?—It______reallygood.I'dliketodrinkmore.(2024广西改编)A．tastes B.feels C.sounds D.looksAA()3．Itmakesme______excitedtowatchNationalWomen'sVolleyballTeam'smatches.(2024黑龙江龙东地区改编)A．feel B.smell C.taste D.seem()4.Theweather______tochangeeveryday.Onedayishot,thenthenextdayiscold.A.seems B．feels C．looks D．soundsAA()5.NowitisApril.Inmyhometown,theweatheris______warmerandwarmer.A.growing B.gettingC.keeping D.remainingB■（能力过关）选词填空，有两词为多余项tastesfeelkeeptastelooksoundturnsmell6.Thedishlooksgood,butwhenIeatit,it______________terrible.7.Themusicfromtheradio______________reallybeautiful.8.Thegirlinred______________happytoday.Didshewintheprize?9.Thescarfismadeofsilkandit______________softandcomfortable.10.Whenspringcomes，theleaveswill__________green.tasteslooksfeelsturn助动词3【概念】助动词本身无词义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。它只能帮助行为动词完成某些语法功能，如表示时态、语态或构成否定句、疑问句、简略答语等。助动词用

法举

例be(am/is/are/was/were)构成进行时态IamstudyinginCanadanow.我现在正在加拿大学习。构成被动语态TheglasswasbrokenbyAnnie.玻璃是被安妮打碎的。助动词用

法举

例have/has/had构成完成时态Wehaveknowneachotherforyears.我们认识很多年了。do/does/did构成疑问句、否定句Doyoulovemusic？你喜欢音乐吗？Ididn'tknowyouwerecoming.我不知道你要来。加强语气Shedoeslovepopmusic.她的确喜欢流行音乐。代替主要动词ShedancesaswellasIdo.她跳舞跳得和我一样好。shall/will构成一般将来时(shall常用于第一人称，will用于各种人称)Shallwegototheparktomorrow？我们明天去公园好吗？TheywillgoonapicnicnextSunday.他们下个星期天要去野餐。■（基础过关）单项填空()1.—Chinaistakingactiontohelppeoplemanagetheirweightandleadhealthierlives.—Yes.Thegovernment______athree-year“WeightManagementYear”programalready.(2025四川凉山)A.started B.hasstarted C.willstartB()2.ThetherapycenterisonHighStreetandit______beeninserviceforover10years.(2025江苏无锡改编)A.have B.has C.does()3.—______wegofishingthisafternoon,Dad?—Sure.It______besunny.A.Will;shall B.Will;won't C.Shall;willBC()4.Tedpreferredpopmusicwhenhe______abouthisfavoritemusicintheinterview.A.wasasked B.asked C.isasked()5.—______yourgrandfatherandgrandmotherreadnewspaperseveryday?—No,they______.Butmyfather______.A.Does;doesn't;doesn't B.Does;don't;doesC.Do;don't;does AC■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空6.I'msorryIdidn'tansweryourcallbecauseI____________________(study)Englishonline.7.Myhometown______________(change)alotsincewestartedtobuildtheairport.8.IliveinChongqing.It______________(call)theMountainCity.Itisa“hot”city,too.wasstudyinghaschangediscalled9.Thenumberofstudents______________(grow)quicklyoverthepasttenyears.10.Ourcity______________(plant)manytreesandflowersnextyeartomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.hasgrownwillplant情态动词4【概念】情态动词表示说话人的语气、看法或主观设想。情态动词有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，其后接动词原形。除了haveto，其余情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化。

情态动词含义及用法举

例can/could意为“能够”，表示能力（2024.38），could为can的过去式；可与beableto互换HecanspeakFrenchfluently.他能讲一口流利的法语。意为“可以”，表示请求或允许;在口语中用could表示委婉语气，答语用can—Can/Couldwegohomenow,please?请问我们现在可以回家了吗？—Yes,youcan.是的，你们可以。—No,youcan't.不，你们不可以。意为“可能”，表示推测；can的否定形式为can't，意为“一定不；不可能”，可能性几乎为零Canhestillbealiveafterallthistime?过了这么长时间，他还可能活着吗？You'vejusthadlunch.Youcan'tbehungrynow.你刚吃了午饭，现在不可能饿了。

情态动词含义及用法举

例may/might意为“可能”，表示推测，might的可能性低于mayImaybelate,sodon'twaitforme.我可能会迟到，所以不必等我。意为“可以”，表示请求或允许，might表示比较委婉的语气—MayIcomeinandwait?我能进来等吗？—Yes,please./Sure./Ofcourse.是的，可以。/当然可以。—Sorry,youcan't.抱歉，不可以。

情态动词含义及用法举

例must意为“一定；肯定”，表示非常有把握的推测Sorry,she'snothere.Shemusthaveleftalready.很抱歉，她不在这里。她肯定已经离开了。

意为“必须；一定要”，强调说话人的主观看法；在must引导的一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto—MustIpaynow?我必须现在付款吗？—Yes,youmust.是的，必须现在。—No，youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.不，不必现在。否定形式为mustn't,意为“一定不要；禁止”，指法律、规定或形势决定某事不应发生，态度强硬Carsmustn'tparkinfrontoftheentrance.入口前面禁止停车。

情态动词含义及用法举

例haveto意为“不得不”，强调客观需要，有人称、时态和数的变化Nurseshavetowearuniforms.护士必须穿制服。hadbetter意为“最好”，表示劝告或建议，否定形式为hadbetternotYou'dbetternotdothatagain.你最好别再那样做了。

need意为“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中；在need引导的一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must或haveto,否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto—NeedIsaymore?我还需要说更多吗？—Yes,youmust./Yes,youhaveto.是的，你必须。—No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.不，你不必。should意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议，否定形式为shouldn'tChildrenshouldn'tbeallowedtoplayinthestreet.不应该让儿童在街上玩。()1.Thewaterbottle______beMr.Liu's.Thenameonthebottleisn'this.（2025吉林长春改编)A．must B．may C．can't()2.—Mom,______IgotothecinemawithmyclassmatesthisSundayafternoon?—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.（2025北京改编)A．can B．must C．needCA()3.Itisarulethatpassengers______smokeinthehigh-speedrailway.(2025江苏镇江改编)A.wouldn't B.needn't C.mustn't()4.—Lily,howisDaniel'splanforourclasstripgoingon?—I'mnotsure.It______becompleted.Isawhimworkingonitthismorning.（2025江苏南通改编）A.maynot B.shouldn't C.can'tCA()5.______youturndowntheTV,please?I'mtryingtowork.(2025甘肃白银改编)A.Could B.Must C.Might编者按更多动词辨析及短语归纳可见于《教材梳理》，并建议结合《早读本》进行记忆。

A语篇考点专练一、语法选择主题：下雪天帮助他人

词数：102难度：★

建议用时：3minsAfterthewintervacation,I____1_____movetoanewcitywithmyparents.Onthefirstdaytomynewschool,it____2____coldandsnowy.I____3____aloneslowlyandworryingaboutsomethinginmynewschool.()1．A．could B.should C.hadto()2．A．is B.was C.were()3．A．waswalking B.walked C.walkCBAItwasearlyandthereweren'tmanypeopleontheroad.Suddenly,agirlwhowasridingabikeinthesnowfelldown.Shewastryinghardtostandupbutfellagain.Without_____4_____,Iwentovertohelpherquickly.She_____5_____“thankyou”withasmileandthenleft.Hersmilewarmedmealot.（2024黑龙江龙东地区改编）()4．A．thinking B.think C.tothink()5．A．said B.says C.hassaidAA二、完形填空主题：改造小水池

词数：144难度：★

建议用时：4minsMaddielikedeverythingabouthernewhouseexceptthelittlesmellypond(水池)inthebackgarden.“Terrible,”shesaid,____1_____hernose.()1.A.leaving B.makingC.holding D.stayingC“Yes,thesmellisalittlestrong,”Maddie'sdadsaid. “Let's____2____whatwecandoaboutit!”“Wecanbringthepondbacktolife,”Maddiesaid.()2.A.hear B.see C.read D.writeBThenextday,theygotthewaterout,dugouttheoldsoil,cleanedthesidesand____3____thedryleavesandplantsaroundthepond.Then,theyplacedrocksatthebottom.Afterthat,theyboughtsomeplantsandgoldfishand_____4_____alltheseintheirpond.()3.A.pointedout B.clearedoutC.gaveout D.foundout()4.A.cleaned B.put C.grew D.coveredBBB“Hooray,we_____5_____it,”Maddieshouted.Now,Maddielikedeverythingabouthernewhouse,especiallythepondinthebackgarden!Itwaswithhardworkthatshecreatedabeautifulpond.(2025四川泸州改编)()5.A.madeB.failedC.succeededD.followedA三、短文填空主题：高铁试行宠物随行

词数：134难度：★★

建议用时：5mins请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。weighfeelcantestfollowshouldbeChinaRailwayistestinganewservice.Forthefirsttime,passengers1_________traveltogetherwiththeirpetsalongtheBeijing-Shanghaihigh-speedrailway.Thenewservice2________aruleof“leavingatthesametimeandarrivingatthesametime”.Itmakessurethatpetsandtheirownerstravelonthesametrain.weighfeelcantestfollowshouldbecanfollowsTheserviceisbeing3________on10trainsnow.Petownersmustbuytheticketsonline.Itmust4____________atleasttwodaysbeforethetripandthentheymaytakeonehealthy,family-trainedcatordogeachperson.Thepetmust5__________nomorethan15kgandstandnotallerthan40cmattheshoulder.ThisisexcitingnewsforpetloversinChina.Ifthetestworkswell,moretrainsmayallowpetsinthefuture.(2025四川德阳改编)weighfeelcantestfollowshouldbetestedbeweigh1.___________________ 2.___________________3.___________________ 4.___________________5.___________________canfollowstestedbeweigh四、语法选择

主题：牙刷和主人的故事

词数：206难度：★★★

建议用时：8minsMynameisYoyo.Iamatoothbrushwith____1_____elephantpaintedonmybody.Jimmy____2____mybestfriend.Iwanttoshareourstorywithyou.()1.A.a B.an C.the()2.A.am B.is C.areBBTwomonthsago,Jimmywasaboywholovedcandiesbutdidn't____3____likebrushinghisteethatall.Hismother_____4_____meforhimasagiftfromasupermarket.Hejustleftmeontheshelf.Ifeltlonely_____5_____upset.However,eatingtoomanycandiescausedJimmytroubleandhismothertookhimtoseeadentist.Hewasadvised_____6_____histeethcarefullywithouteatinganycandies.()3.A.tofeel B.feeling C.feel()4.A.bought B.buys C.willbuy()5.A.but B.and C.or()6.A.tobrush B.brushing C.brushCABAFromthenon,Jimmyfollowedtheadviceandthetwoofus_____7_____meeteachothereveryday.Wewentoutofourwaytofight_____8_____hisdecayedteeth(蛀牙).Astimewenton,Jimmy_____9_____haveatoothacheanylongerandcametoloveme.Iwasproudof_____10_____forhelpinghimout.()7.A.must B.could C.should()8.A.for B.with C.against()9.A.doesn't B.don't C.didn't()10.A.me B.myself C.IBCCBAtpresent,Jimmyisreadytobrushhisteethontime.Iamresponsibleformakinghisteethtidyandstrong.Inreturn,hekeepsmewarmandhappy.Aslongaswetakesomethingseriouslyandkeeponit,agoodhabitcanbedevelopedasexpected.(2025青海西宁改编)五、完形填空

主题：嫦娥奔月

词数：182难度：★★

建议用时：6minsAlongtimeago,therewasaChinesefolkstory,Chang'eFlyingtotheMoon.BecauseHouYi______1______theninesuns,thegoddidn'tallowhimandhiswifeChang'etoreturntoTiangong.HouYihadnochoicebuttoliveontheearth,feeling____2____forhiswife.()1.A.shotdownB.lookedatC.gaveoff D.cutup()2.A.happy B.sorry C.excited D.tiredAB Later,HouYiheardtherewasmagic_____3_____.Anyonewhotookitcouldliveforever.HouYitraveledovermountainsandrivers,wentthroughdifficulties,and_____4_____gotabitofthismedicine.However,itwassolittlethatneitherofthemcouldliveforeverifthey_____5_____themedicine.()3.A.food B.fruit C.medicine D.water()4.A.slowlyB.easily C.quickly D.finally()5.A.acceptedB.shared C.hid D.heldCDBAbadman,Pangmeng,triedto_____6_____themedicinewhenHouYiwasnotathome.Chang'e________7________togiveittohimandtookitall._____8_____,shefeltherselflighterandlighter.()6.A.keep B.make C.send D.steal()7.A.agreed B.refused C.tried D.decided()8.A.Carefully B.SuddenlyC.Successfully D.RecentlyDBBSheleftthegroundandslowly_____9_____tothemoon.Itissaidthatonthefullmoonnight,youmightseeChang'eonthe________10________.Sincethen,peoplestartedthetraditionofadmiringthemoonandsharingmooncakeswiththeirfamiliestocelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival.(2025西藏改编)()9.A.flewup B.gaveup