研究生考试英语写作专项练习题库及参考答案

研究生考试英语写作专项练习题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：研究生考试英语写作专项练习题库考核对象：准备研究生入学考试的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.ThestructureofanIELTSessayshouldalwaysfollowthestandardthree-paragraphformat.2.Inacademicwriting,usingcontractions(e.g.,"don’t")isacceptable.3.Athesisstatementmustbeplacedattheendoftheintroductionparagraph.4.Thepassivevoiceshouldbeavoidedinalltypesofacademicwriting.5.Transitionwords(e.g.,"however,""furthermore")areunnecessaryinshortessays.6.Plagiarismcanbeavoidedbychangingafewwordsinasourcetext.7.Inapersuasiveessay,itissufficienttopresentonlyonesideoftheargument.8.Theuseofidiomsandcolloquiallanguageenhancestheclarityofacademicwriting.9.Awell-structuredoutlineisessentialforwritingacoherentessay.10.Inaresearchpaper,personalopinionsshouldalwaysbesupportedbyevidence.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonstructureforanargumentativeessay?A.Introduction-Body-ConclusionB.Problem-Solution-EvaluationC.Thesis-Counterargument-RebuttalD.Chronologicalorder2.Whatistheprimarypurposeofatransitionwordinanessay?A.ToincreasethewordcountB.ToconnectideassmoothlyC.ToemphasizeaspecificpointD.Toreplaceacomplexsentence3.Inacademicwriting,whichtenseismostcommonlyusedfordescribingpastevents?A.PresentsimpleB.PresentcontinuousC.PastsimpleD.Futureperfect4.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofastrongthesisstatement?A."Climatechangeisaproblem."B."Manypeoplebelievethatclimatechangeiscausedbyhumans."C."Theeffectsofclimatechangearebecomingmorenoticeableeveryyear."D."Somescientistsarguethatclimatechangeisnatural."5.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenadescriptiveandanarrativeessay?A.Descriptiveessaysusemoreadjectives;narrativeessaysusemoreadverbs.B.Descriptiveessaystellastory;narrativeessaysdescribeaplaceorobject.C.Descriptiveessaysfocusonfacts;narrativeessaysfocusonemotions.D.Descriptiveessaysareshorter;narrativeessaysarelonger.6.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmistakeinacademicwriting?A.Usingpassivevoiceinscientificpapers.B.Includingpersonalanecdotesinaresearchpaper.C.Citingsourcesproperly.D.Writinginaformaltone.7.Howshouldyoustructureanintroductionparagraphinanessay?A.Startwithaquote,thenintroducethetopic,andendwiththethesisstatement.B.Beginwiththethesisstatement,thenprovidebackgroundinformation,andendwithaquestion.C.Startwithaquestion,thendiscussthetopicbriefly,andendwiththethesisstatement.D.Beginwithadetaileddescriptionofthetopic,thenintroducethethesisstatement,andendwithasummary.8.Whatisthepurposeofaconclusionparagraphinanessay?A.Tointroducenewevidenceorarguments.B.Tosummarizethemainpointsandrestatethethesis.C.Toprovideapersonalopiniononthetopic.D.Toapologizeforanymistakesintheessay.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartofthewritingprocess?A.BrainstormingB.DraftingC.EditingD.Memorizing10.Whatisthebestwaytoimproveyourwritingskills?A.Readingmorebooks.B.Writingmoreessays.C.Watchingwritingtutorials.D.Alloftheabove.三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommontypesofacademicessays?A.ArgumentativeB.DescriptiveC.NarrativeD.ExpositoryE.Persuasive2.Whatshouldyouincludeinyouressayoutline?A.ThesisstatementB.MainargumentsC.SupportingevidenceD.ConclusionE.Transitionwords3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesoftransitionwords?A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.BecauseE.Although4.Whatarethekeyelementsofastrongthesisstatement?A.Itmustbespecific.B.Itmustbedebatable.C.Itmustbeclear.D.Itmustbeconcise.E.Itmustbesupportedbyevidence.5.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakesinacademicwriting?A.PlagiarismB.PoorgrammarC.InconsistenttenseusageD.LackofevidenceE.Usingslang6.Howcanyouimprovetheclarityofyourwriting?A.Usesimplesentences.B.Avoidjargon.C.Beconcise.D.Usetransitionwords.E.Writeinapassivevoice.7.Whatisthepurposeofatransitionwordinanessay?A.Toshowcontrast.B.Toshowaddition.C.Toshowcauseandeffect.D.Toshowtimesequence.E.Toshowconclusion.8.Whichofthefollowingarecommontypesofevidenceinacademicwriting?A.StatisticsB.ExamplesC.ExpertopinionsD.PersonalanecdotesE.Casestudies9.Whatshouldyouavoidinyourconclusionparagraph?A.Introducingnewevidence.B.Restatingthethesis.C.Providingasummary.D.Givingapersonalopinion.E.Usingtransitionwords.10.Whichofthefollowingareeffectivestrategiesforwritinganessay?A.Planningyouressay.B.Writingadraft.C.Editingyouressay.D.Citingsourcesproperly.E.Ignoringgrammarrules.四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1:Astudentwritesanessayonthetopic"TheImportanceofEnvironmentalProtection."Theintroductionparagraphreads:"Manypeoplethinkthatenvironmentalprotectionisnotimportant.However,Ibelievethatitiscrucialforourfuture.Thisessaywilldiscusswhyenvironmentalprotectionmatters."Questions:a.Isthethesisstatementstrong?Whyorwhynot?b.Howcanthestudentimprovetheintroductionparagraph?c.Whataresomepossiblemainargumentsforthisessay?2.CaseStudy2:Aresearchpaperincludesthefollowingsentence:"Manystudieshaveshownthatclimatechangeiscausedbyhumanactivities.Forexample,burningfossilfuelsreleaseslargeamountsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere."Questions:a.Whattypeofevidenceisusedinthissentence?b.Howcanthestudentmakethissentencemoreacademic?c.Whataresomecommontypesofevidenceusedinresearchpapers?3.CaseStudy3:Astudentwritesanargumentativeessayonthetopic"ShouldSchoolsImplementYear-RoundEducation?"Theconclusionparagraphreads:"Inconclusion,year-roundeducationisbeneficialforstudents.Ithelpsthemlearnmoreandreducessummerlearningloss.Therefore,schoolsshouldadoptthissystem."Questions:a.Istheconclusioneffective?Whyorwhynot?b.Howcanthestudentimprovetheconclusionparagraph?c.Whataresomecommonmistakesinconclusionparagraphs?五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.EssayPrompt:"Somepeoplebelievethattheuseoftechnologyineducationisbeneficial,whileothersarguethatitisharmful.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion."Instructions:Writeawell-structuredessayofatleast250words.Includeanintroduction,bodyparagraphs,andaconclusion.Useappropriatetransitionwordsandciteatleasttwosources.2.EssayPrompt:"Inmanycountries,thegovernmentspendsalotofmoneyonspaceexploration.SomepeoplethinkthatthismoneyshouldbeusedtosolveproblemsonEarthinstead.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?"Instructions:Writeawell-structuredessayofatleast250words.Includeanintroduction,bodyparagraphs,andaconclusion.Useappropriatetransitionwordsandciteatleasttwosources.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×(Someessaysmayhaveadifferentstructure,suchasafour-paragraphformat.)2.×(Contractionsaregenerallyavoidedinacademicwriting.)3.×(Thethesisstatementisusuallyplacedattheendoftheintroduction.)4.×(Thepassivevoiceisacceptableinsomeacademiccontexts,especiallyinscientificwriting.)5.×(Transitionwordsareessentialforsmoothflow.)6.×(Plagiarismisavoidedbyparaphrasingandcitingsourcesproperly.)7.×(Apersuasiveessayshouldpresentbothsidesoftheargument.)8.×(Idiomsandcolloquiallanguagearegenerallyavoidedinacademicwriting.)9.√(Anoutlinehelpsorganizethoughtsandensurecoherence.)10.√(Personalopinionsshouldbesupportedbyevidence.)二、单选题1.D2.B3.C4.C5.B6.B7.C8.B9.D10.D三、多选题1.A,B,C,D,E2.A,B,C,D,E3.A,B,C,D,E4.A,B,C,D,E5.A,B,C,D,E6.A,B,C,D7.A,B,C,D,E8.A,B,C,E9.A,D10.A,B,C,D四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1:a.No,thethesisstatementisweakbecauseitistoovagueanddoesnotclearlystatethestudent'sposition.b.Thestudentcanimprovetheintroductionbyprovidingahook(e.g.,asurprisingfactorquestion)andamorespecificthesisstatement.c.Possiblemainarguments:environmentalprotectionreducespollution,ithelpspreservebiodiversity,itensuresasustainablefuture.2.CaseStudy2:a.Thesentenceusesstatisticalevidence(studies)andexamples.b.Thestudentcanmakethesentencemoreacademicbycitingthesourcesofthestudies.c.Commontypesofevidence:statistics,examples,expertopinions,casestudies.3.CaseStudy3:a.No,theconclusionisnoteffectivebecauseitistoobriefanddoesnotsummarizethemainpoints.b.Thestudentcanimprovetheconclusionbyrestatingthethesis,summarizingthemainarguments,andprovidingafinalthought.c.Commonmistakes:i