研究生入学考试英语写作测评题库及参考答案

研究生入学考试英语写作测评题库及参考答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________试卷名称：研究生入学考试英语写作测评题库及参考答案考核对象：报考研究生的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-单选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-多选题（总共10题，每题2分）总分20分-案例分析（总共3题，每题6分）总分18分-论述题（总共2题，每题11分）总分22分总分：100分一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theprimarypurposeofacademicwritingistoentertainthereaderwithvividnarratives.2.Passivevoiceshouldbeavoidedentirelyinallacademicessays.3.Athesisstatementmustalwaysbeplacedattheendoftheintroductionparagraph.4.CitingsourcesinAPAformatrequiresincludingtheauthor'sfullnameandpublicationyearineveryin-textreference.5.Itisacceptabletousecolloquiallanguageinaresearchpaperaslongasitisexplained.6.Theabstractofaresearchpapershouldsummarizetheentirestudy,includingmethodologyandresults.7.Plagiarismisonlyconsideredseriousifdirectquotesarenotproperlycited.8.Anacademicargumentshouldalwaysbesupportedbyempiricalevidence.9.Theuseoffirst-personpronouns(e.g.,"Ibelieve")isdiscouragedinformalacademicwriting.10.Aliteraturereviewisanoverviewofexistingresearchthatdoesnotrequirecriticalanalysis.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonstructureforanargumentativeessay?A.Introduction-Body-ConclusionB.Problem-Solution-AnalysisC.Hypothesis-Experiment-ConclusionD.Background-Argument-Evidence2.InMLAformat,whatisthecorrectwaytociteabookwithtwoauthors?A.(Author1&Author2,Year)B.(Author1,Author2,Year)C.(Author2,Author1,Year)D.(Author1,Year,Author2)3.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofastrongthesisstatement?A."Climatechangeisaproblem."B."Manyfactorscontributetoclimatechange,andhumanactivitiesareasignificantcause."C."Somepeoplethinkclimatechangeisreal,whileothersdonot."D."Climatechangeaffectstheenvironment."4.Whatisthepurposeofatransitionwordinacademicwriting?A.Toaddunnecessaryhumortothetext.B.Toguidethereaderbetweenideasandimproveflow.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofaparticularpoint.D.Toreplaceweakvocabulary.5.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmistakeinacademicwriting?A.Usingpassivevoicetoavoidpersonalbias.B.Includingtoomanypersonalopinions.C.Providingclearevidencetosupportclaims.D.Writinginaconciseandstraightforwardmanner.6.Inanabstract,whichsectionshouldbeomitted?A.IntroductionB.MethodologyC.ResultsD.Conclusion7.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenaresearchpaperandaliteraturereview?A.Researchpapersfocusonoriginalresearch,whileliteraturereviewssummarizeexistingstudies.B.Researchpapersareshorter,whileliteraturereviewsarelonger.C.Researchpapersrequiremorecitations,whileliteraturereviewsdonot.D.Researchpapersarewritteninfirstperson,whileliteraturereviewsareinthirdperson.8.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofarhetoricalquestioninacademicwriting?A."Howdoesclimatechangeaffectpolarbears?"B."Climatechangeisreal,isn’tit?"C."Manystudieshaveshownthatclimatechangeiscausedbyhumans."D."Theevidenceforclimatechangeisoverwhelming."9.Whatisthepurposeofacounterargumentinanessay?A.Toconfusethereader.B.Toweakentheauthor'sposition.C.Toshowthattheauthorhasconsideredopposingviewsandstillstandsbytheirargument.D.Tointroduceirrelevantinformation.10.Whichofthefollowingisakeycharacteristicofacademicwriting?A.Useofvividimageryandmetaphors.B.Concisenessandclarity.C.Frequentuseofslangandidioms.D.Overlycomplexsentencestructures.三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonelementsofawell-structuredintroduction?A.BackgroundinformationB.ThesisstatementC.PersonalanecdotesD.Previewofmainpoints2.Whatshouldbeincludedinanin-textcitationinAPAformat?A.Author'slastnameB.PublicationyearC.PagenumberD.Sourcetitle3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofstrongsupportingevidenceinacademicwriting?A.StatisticsB.ExperttestimonialsC.PersonalopinionsD.Casestudies4.Whatarethebenefitsofusingpassivevoiceinacademicwriting?A.Itemphasizestheactionratherthantheactor.B.Itavoidspersonalbias.C.Itmakesthewritingmoreconcise.D.Itismoreengagingforthereader.5.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakesinaliteraturereview?A.Focusingonlyonrecentstudies.B.Includingtoomanycitationswithoutanalysis.C.Presentingthestudiesinchronologicalorder.D.Failingtoidentifygapsintheresearch.6.Whatisthepurposeofaconclusioninanessay?A.Tosummarizethemainpoints.B.Tointroducenewevidence.C.Torestatethethesisindifferentwords.D.Toprovideacalltoaction.7.Whichofthefollowingarecommontransitionwordsinacademicwriting?A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Because8.Whatshouldbeavoidedinacademicwriting?A.ContradictorystatementsB.OveruseofjargonC.ClearandconciselanguageD.Personalbiases9.Whichofthefollowingarekeyelementsofastrongargumentativeessay?A.AclearthesisstatementB.Well-organizedbodyparagraphsC.EffectiveuseofevidenceD.Aweakconclusion10.Whatisthepurposeofpeerreviewinacademicwriting?A.Toimprovethequalityofresearch.B.Toensureoriginality.C.Toincreasetheauthor'sfame.D.Todeterminetheauthor'scredibility.四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1Astudentwritesanessayontheimpactofsocialmediaonteenagers.Theintroductionincludesapersonalstoryaboutthestudent'sownexperiencewithsocialmediabutlacksaclearthesisstatement.Thebodyparagraphsdiscussvariousstudiesonsocialmedia'seffectsbutdonotdirectlylinkthemtothethesis.Theconclusionrestatestheintroduction'spersonalstorywithoutsummarizingthemainarguments.Questions:a.Whatarethestrengthsofthisessay?b.Whataretheweaknesses,andhowcantheybeimproved?2.CaseStudy2Aresearchpaperonclimatechangeusespassivevoiceextensively,suchas"Itisbelievedthat..."and"Studiesshowthat...".Thepaperincludesnumerouscitationsbutdoesnotclearlyexplainhowtheevidencesupportsthethesis.Thestructureisdisorganized,withsomeparagraphsfocusingoneconomicimpactswhileothersdiscussenvironmentaleffectswithoutacleartransition.Questions:a.Whatarethemainissueswiththispaper?b.Howcantheauthorimprovetheclarityandorganization?3.CaseStudy3Anessayontheroleoftechnologyineducationhasastrongthesisstatement:"Whiletechnologyoffersnumerousbenefitsineducation,italsoposessignificantchallengesthatmustbeaddressed."Theintroductionprovidesaclearcontext,andthebodyparagraphseffectivelyuseevidencefromrecentstudiestosupportbothsidesoftheargument.Theconclusionsynthesizesthemainpointsandleavesthereaderwithathought-provokingquestionaboutthefutureoftechnologyineducation.Questions:a.Whatmakesthisessayeffective?b.Whatadditionalelementscouldtheauthorincludetoenhancetheessay?五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofclarityandconcisenessinacademicwriting.Provideexamplesofhowvagueoroverlycomplexlanguagecanhindereffectivecommunication.2.Explaintheroleofcounterargumentsinacademicessays.Howcanpresentingopposingviewsstrengthenanauthor'sposition,andwhatarethepotentialpitfallsofdoingso?标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×（学术写作的主要目的是传递信息和论证观点，而非娱乐。）2.×（被动语态在学术写作中有时是必要的，尤其是在强调实验过程或结果时。）3.×（thesisstatement通常放在引言段落的开头。）4.×（APA格式中，in-textcitation通常只需要作者姓氏和年份，如(Smith,2020)，具体格式取决于引用类型。）5.×（学术写作应避免使用口语化表达。）6.×（摘要应简要概述研究目的、方法、结果和结论，不包括详细的方法。）7.×（抄袭是指未经许可使用他人作品，即使直接引用未标注也是抄袭。）8.√（学术论证必须基于实证证据。）9.√（第一人称在学术写作中通常被认为不够正式。）10.×（文献综述不仅要概述现有研究，还要进行批判性分析。）二、单选题1.C（Hypothesis-Experiment-Conclusion是科学实验报告的结构。）2.A（APA格式中，两位作者需用"&"连接，如(Smith&Jones,2020)）3.B（强thesisstatement应具体且具有可论证性。）4.B（过渡词用于连接句子和段落，使文章更流畅。）5.B（学术写作应避免过多个人意见。）6.B（摘要不包括方法部分。）7.A（研究论文侧重原创研究，文献综述侧重总结现有研究。）8.B（"Climatechangeisreal,isn’tit?"是典型的反问句。）9.C（反论点有助于展示作者对对立观点的思考，从而增强论证的严谨性。）10.B（学术写作强调简洁明了。）三、多选题1.A,B,D（引言应包含背景信息、thesisstatement和主要观点的预告。）2.A,B,C（APAin-textcitation包括作者姓氏、年份和页码。）3.A,B,D（统计数据、专家证词和案例研究是有效的支持证据。）4.A,B（被动语态强调动作而非执行者，避免个人偏见。）5.A,B,D（文献综述应全面、有分析、识别研究空白。）6.A,C,D（结论应总结要点、重申thesis、提出展望。）7.A,B,C（过渡词如however,therefore,moreover用于连接观点。）8.A,B,D（避免矛盾、避免过多术语、避免个人偏见。）9.A,B,C（强论证需要清晰的thesis、组织良好的段落和有效的证据。）10.A,B,D（同行评审旨在提高质量、确保原创性和作者可信度。）四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1a.Strengths:Theessayincludespersonalanecdotes,whichcanmakethetopicrelatable.b.Weaknesses:Lacksaclearthesisandorganizedstructure.Improvement:Addaspecificthesisstatementandorganizeparagraphsaroundkeyarguments.2.CaseStudy2a.Issues:Overuseofpassivevoice,unclearconnectionsbetweenevidenceandthesis,disorganizedstructure.b.Improvements:Useactivevoicewhereappropriate,explicitlylinkevidencetothethesis,andimproveparagraphtransitions.3.CaseStudy3a.Effectiveness:Strongthesis,clearstructure,anduseofevidence.b.Additionalelements:Includeabroadercontextorfutureimplicationstoenhancedepth.五、论述题1.ClarityandConcisenessinAcademicWritingClarityandcon