北京市西城区156中学2026届英语高三第一学期期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题含解析

北京市西城区156中学2026届英语高三第一学期期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—WherewasI?—You________youdidn’tlikeyourjob.A．hadsaidB．saidC．weresayingD．hassaid2．TheyarrivedattheborderbetweenKenyaandTanzaniaat2pm,______liesanationalnaturereserve.A．whatB．whichC．whereD．when3．Youhavetorewritethemonthlyreportbecauseyou_____manyimportantdetails.A．turnedoff B．leftoutC．droppedby D．putup4．Mr.Smithdidn’tunderstand_____madehissonsoupsetthatevening.A．whatwasit B．whyitwasthis C．howthatwas D．whatitwasthat5．Wildapplause______whenthecrowdwaitingheardtheannouncementofthearrivalofthepopstarattheircommunity.A．madeout B．brokeout C．letout D．workedout6．---Nowadays,buyersaccustomedtopricesmovingupwardjustadoptawait-and-seeattitude.---Iftheycontinueto_____,thenourcompanyisclosingdown.A．fishintheair B．sitonthefenceC．flyoffthehandle D．beataroundthebush7．—Isitenoughtofinishtheformforapassport,Madam?—Yourpassportapplicationformshouldbe________bytworecentphotos.A．updated B．accompaniedC．established D．identified8．(2013·福建)_____________basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A．Known B．HavingknownC．Knowing D．Beingknown9．Newly________chairmanoftheChineseBasketballAssociation,YaoMinghasputreformingthedomesticgame’smanagementatthetopofhisagenda.A．appointing B．appointedC．beingappointed D．havingappointed10．—TheKiwifruitsinthissupermarketare_______salenow,andtheyaresold______thepound.—Really?Howmuchcheaperarethey?A．for;in B．on;by C．for,by D．on,in11．Theaccidenthavebeencausedbyadogrunningacrosstheroad,butwedon’tknowforsure.A．might B．shouldC．will D．must12．Hewouldbeinbetterhealthnow_______withtoomuchworkwhenyoung.A．hadhenotburdenedhimself B．ifhewasnotburdenedC．werehenotburdened D．hadhenotbeenburdenedhimself13．Thereisnoeasywaytorememberprepositions,asitisoneareaofEnglish____therulesseemveryirregular.A．that B．whereC．whose D．which14．I'dadviseanyonetoputasideaproportionoftheirearnings—____________.A．nothinggreatiseasy B．nothingcomesfromnothingC．abadpennyalwaysturnsup D．apennysavedisapennyearned15．Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.A．seat B．seatingC．seated D．tobeseating16．---Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirhardattheirlessonsthebook.---SohaveI.A．readsB．havereadC．hasreadD．read17．—DoyouknowhowIcan____him?—Onhismobilephone．A．learn B．reach C．seek D．touch18．Accordingtothelocallaw,noone______enterthebuildingsitewithoutpermission.A．canB．mustC．shallD．dare19．—Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?—Yes，Idid.Youknow，mybrother________inthematch.A．isplayingB．wasplayingC．hasplayedD．hadplayed20．Oh！Icanfeelsomething_____upmyleg！Itmustbeaninsect．A．toclimb B．climbingC．climb D．climbed第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）PeterSkyllberg,aSwedishman,wastrappedinhiscarfortwomonths,withtemperaturesreaching-30oC,withnofoodorwater,andyethesurvived.Thebestexplanationwasthathisvehiclecreatedan“igloo(snowhouse)effect”andprotectedhimfromtheextremelylowtemperaturesandthathisbodywouldhibernate(冬眠)duringthistime.Canhumansgetintoalow-energyconsumptionstatelikeabearbyreservingenergy,andreducingbodytemperature?Chinesescientistsarelookingforthekeytoregulatingbodytemperature.Scientistshavefoundthehypothalamus(下丘脑),anareainthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,isresponsibleforregulatingbodytemperature.WangHong,abrainscientistattheShenzhenInstitutesofAdvancedTechnologyoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,ledherteamtomarktheneurons(神经元)responsibleforregulatingbodytemperatureinmicebymeansofacutting-edgegeneticbiologytechnique.Intheexperiments,theyinjected(注射)drugintomicetomakethebodytemperaturesofthemicedroprom37Cto27intwohours.Theteamfoundthechangeinbodytemperaturecausednoharmtothehealthofthemice.“Wedon’tknowifwecandevelopadrugthatcancontrolhumanbodytemperature.Westillneedalotofstudy.”Wangsaid.Chinesescientistsarenotaloneinsuchresearch.Body-coolingtechniquesarebeingusedinpioneeringhospitalsaroundtheworld.Dutchdoctorsarenowusinglowtemperaturesforpatientswhohavesufferedbraininjuriesinaccidents,AccordingtodoctorsworkinginFlorence,itmayevenhelptosavethebrainsofbabieswhoarebornsufferingfromsevereepilepticfits(癫痫病发作).1、WhydoestheauthormentionPeterSkyllberg?A．Totellanamazingstory.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Toteachsurvivalskills.D．Toexplain“iglooeffect”.2、WhatdidWangHong’steamfindintheexperiment?A．Geneticbiologytechniquehelpedalot.B．Adrugcouldcontrolhumanbodytemperature.C．Themice’shealthwasn’tdamagedbythechangeofbodytemperature.D．Hypothalamuswasresponsibleforregulatingbodytemperature.3、Howcanbody-coolingtechniqueshelppeople?A．BraininjuriesmaybetreatedproperlyB．Peopletrappedinsnowcansurvive.C．Patientswithepilepticfitswillbecured.D．Medicalaccidentscanbeavoided.4、Thetextisprobablytakenfrom.A．abiologytextbookB．asciencefictionC．asurvivalbrochureD．amedicalmagazine22．（8分）Haveyouevernoticedtinyraisedareasonthebranchesofatree?Thesemayhavebeeninsects.Thesesmallinsectsfeedontreesap(汁液).Insectsonurbantreesarenotablymoreabundantthanthoseonruraltrees.Asaresult,urbantreessufferfromheavyinfestations(害虫横行),andareoftenunhealthyordie.Toprotectandrestoreurbantrees’health,weneedtodeterminethefactorsthatmakethesetreepestsmoresuccessfulinurbanhabitats.Livingorganismsinteractcloselywiththeirenvironment.Thewarmer,moredrought-stressedtreesharbormoresuccessfulpeststhancooler,lessdrought-stressedtrees.Ascitiesandnaturalhabitatsbecomehotteranddrier,damaginginsectswillbecomemoreabundantonurbantrees.Treeswithinurbanforestsarevaluableeconomicallyandfortheenvironmentalsustainability(可持续性)oftheregion.Morethanhalfoftheworld’spopulationlivesincities.Acrosstheglobe,peoplearemovingintocitiesatafasterratethanever.Rapidgrowthmayturncitiesintoplaceswithharderconditions.Althoughcitiesareprimarilymadeofbuildings,roads,parkinglots,andvehicles,therearestillplantsinthem.Thetreeswithinacityarereferredtoastheurbanforest.Urbanforestsofferverybigbenefitstohumanandenvironmentalhealth.Theyimproveairandwaterquality,providehabitatforwildlife,cooldowntemperaturesandbeautifyourenvironment.Theymakecitieslivable.However,beingacitytreeisnoteasy.Heatreleasedbyhumanactivitiesistrappedincities.Asaresult,temperaturesinurbanareasareoftenwarmerthantheirsurroundingruralareas.Wecallthisurbanwarmingortheurbanheatislandeffect.Urbanhabitatsaremostlymadeofsurfacesofasphalt(沥青)andconcrete.Thesesurfacesreducetheamountofrainwaterthatreachestreeroots.Asaresult,urbanforestsmaysuffer,whichcannegativelyaffectpeopleandtheenvironment.Whatcanwedotorestoreurbanforests?Regularirrigationwhenpossiblemayhelpkeeppestpopulationsundercontrol.Plantingtreespeciesthataresuitabletohandleheatanddroughtstresswouldalsoreducetheoccurrenceofinsectpestoutbreaks.1、Whatmakestreepestsmoresuccessfulinthecitythaninruralareas?A．Thewarmerandrainyhabitat.B．Thehotteranddrierhabitat.C．Thecooleranddrierhabitat.D．Thehotterandrainyhabitat.2、Urbanforestsmakecitieslivableby.A．providingpeopleenoughcleanwaterB．improvingthelivingenvironmentC．offeringpeopleeconomicbenefitsD．loweringthetemperatures3、Accordingtothetext,whatresultsinthecitytrees’suffering?A．Naturaldisasters.B．Invisibleforces.C．Humanactivities.D．Naturalevolution.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheImportanceoftheUrbanTreesB．HowtoProtecttheUrbanTreesC．UrbanTreesAreinGreatDangerD．Let’sActfortheProtectionofUrbanTrees23．（8分）Manypeoplewanttogrowtheirowngarden,buttheysimplydonothavetheroom.Donotworry.Thereisasolution.Considercontainergardening.Thegreatthingaboutcontainergardeningisthatyoucanuseavarietyofdifferentcontainers.Yousimplyhavetouseyourimagination.Youcouldcreateabeautifulgardenwiththingssuchascementblocks,hangingbaskets,claypots,orwindowboxes.Therearesomanyoptionswhenitcomestocontainergardening;itisonlylimitedbyyourimagination.Ofcourse,youwillwanttotakethefollowingintoconsiderationwhenyouarereadytobegincontainergardening,inorderforittobesuccessful.First,youshouldavoidanycontainersthathavebeenusedtostorechemicals,aswellastreatedwood.Thiscouldleadtothesuddendeathofyourflowersandleadtothefailureofyourcontainergardening.Withanycontainerthatyouchoose,youneedtoensurethatitallowsthewaterinittodrainwhennecessary.Soitmaybeessentialforyoutocreateholesinthecontainertohelpthisalong.Youshouldalsomakesurethecontainersareplacedonaraisedsurface,notuponthefloor,toensurethebestpossibledrainage.Ensurethatthecontainersyouchooseareappropriateinsizefortheplantsyouchoose,Youneedtopreventtherootsfromovergrowingthecontainer.Ifyoulikefreshveggies,youcouldconsidercontainergardeningwithvegetables.Thisrequiresaprocessthatdiffersfromthatofflowergardening.Talktoanemployeeatasupplystoreinyourarea,Theycanhelpyouchoosetherightcontainersforthevegetablesyouarewishingtogrow.1、Whichofthefollowingmaybeimpropermaterialsforcontainergardening?A．Claypots.B．Cementblocks.C．Treatedwood.D．Windowboxes.2、Whatdocstheunderlinedword"drain"inParagraph5mean?A．Toflowaway.B．Togiveoff.C．Topourdown.D．Toholdback.3、Comparedtoflowergardening,whatdoweknowaboutvegetablegardening?A．Itseemsmucheasier.B．Itrequiresmoretime,C．Itdemandsmorewater.D．Itneedsspecialcontainers.4、Whomaybeinterestedinthetext?A．Farmerswhoaregoodatgardening.B．Citizenswhoenjoygardening.C．Childrenwholikeoutdooractivities.D．Peoplewhohaveabigyard.24．（8分）Grassehasalwaysbeenassociatedwithsmell.IntheMiddleAgesitsmeltparticularlyunpleasantduetoitsleathertanning(制革)industry.Thenoblesonlyrarelyvisitedtheprettyandcharmingtowntopickuptheirhandmadeleathergloves.Inspiteoftheirgrandlandsinthesurroundingcountryside?Grassewascertainlyanecessaryevilwithnoself-respectingnoblesowningbuildingsthere.Molinard,aGrassetanner(制革工人)himself,createdthefirstGrasseperfume.Wordspreadlikewildfireamongstthenoblesaboutthedesignerperfumedgloves.MolinardofferedapairofhisglovestoCatherinedeMedici(theQueen),whogaveplentyofpraisetoherGrasseperfumedgloves;shealmostassured(确保)Grasse’sreputationastheperfumecapitaloftheworld.ThankstoCatherinedeMedici,Grassemerchantswereencouragedtogrowtheperfumeplantsthattannersneededtosupplyperfumedleathertothenobles.Grassehasfourperfumefactoriesaswellasaperfumeschoolandaperfumemuseum.Fragonard’sperfumemuseumissituatedonthefirstfloorofitsperfumefactoryanddisplaysanamazingprivatecollectionofperfumebottles,presentationboxes,documentsandequipmentthattellsthehistoryofperfumemakingfromitsearliestbeginningstothepresentday.Theperfumemuseumisopeneveryday,Sundaysandpublicholidaysincluded.Grasseiscertainlyaperfumedheaven,afarcryfromitssmellybeginningasaleathertanningtown.Nowfamousforafarsweetersmell,Grasseissurroundedbyfieldsofflowersthatmakerealestate(不动产)inGrasseverypopular.ThoselookingforrealestateinFrancewouldhavetogoalongwaytofindanywheremorecharmingthanGrassewiththecityofNiceanditsairportjustashortdriveawayandplentyofactivitiestoenjoyinthesurroundingcountryside.RealestateinGrasseissituatedbetweentheSouthernAlpsandtheCoted’Azur,allowingownersthebestofbothworlds.1、WhywasGrasseconsideredtobenecessaryalthoughitwasanevil?A．Becauseitproducedleathergloves.B．Becauseitmadethenobleslookrespectable.C．Becausemanynobleslivedinitscountryside.D．Becauseitwasabeautifulandattractivetown.2、WhatcanwelearnaboutFragonard’sperfumemuseum?A．Ithasseveralperfumefactories.B．Itcanbevisitedalltheyearround.C．Itisfamousforitsperfumeschool.D．ItshowsvisitorsthehistoryofGrasse.3、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“afarcry”inthe4thparagraphprobablymean?A．agoodlongcryB．totallyabsentC．verydifferentD．fardistant4、Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Grasseisstilllesscompetitiveinrealestate.B．Grasseisnowaperfectplaceforpeopletolive.C．Grasseisbecominganimportanttouristattraction.D．LivinginGrassemightcauseyoumuchinconvenience.25．（10分）Inaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources,theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadeshasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable（可持续的）ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecades.China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil（棕榈油）,whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions（排放）andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besides,strongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugeexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofgrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsifthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.1、ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat_________________A．ItmakestheworldwarmerB．itconsumesnaturalresourcesC．itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD．itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue2、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Chinalackswindandsolarenergy.B．Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarket.C．High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopment.D．Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.3、Tofulldevelopthelow-carbonmarkets,governmentcan_________________.A．cutpublicexpensesB．forbidcarbonemissionC．developpublicresourcesD．encourageenergyconservation4、Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto_________________.A．developsustainableproductsB．explorenewnaturalresourcesC．makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD．dealwiththemajorchallenge5、Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B．Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.C．Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D．Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）“Mom,Idon’tlikeyou,”mytwo-year-oldsonsaid.“Okay...isthat1youloveme?”Iasked.“No,you’renotlovely.”Thatnight,asIwashedmyface,I2alittlelongerinthemirror—notbecauseIwashurtbyhis3,butbecauseInoticedtherewasnolightinmy4.Itookoutapenandstartedwritingalist—alistto5myself;alisttoputsparkle（火花）backintomyeyes.Ioncemademanylistsbut6accomplishedanything.Thistimewouldbe7!ThefirstgoalonmylistIwantedtoachievewas8aPolarPlungetoraisemoneyfortheSpecialOlympics.Onthatday,whenI9intomy1980sworkoutclothes,Jacksmiled,“Mom,youlook10.”Maybe,justmaybesomelight11myeyes.WhencomingoutofthecoldlakeIfelthappyandproud.Ikeptscreaming,“I12it!”ButoneofthemostexcitingpartsofthedaywaswhenIstoodinfrontofmy13,whichwastapedontherefrigeratordoor.I14itemnumberone.Withthat,Ibegantotakebackmylife.EveryonetakingpartinthePolarPlungereceiveda15.WheneverIworeit,Jackasked,“IsthatyourPolarPlungeclothing?”Ianswered16,“Yes!”“Iwanttodothattoo.”IwashappyherememberedIjumpedintoa17lake,andthathewantedtodoactivitieswithme.Witheach18crossedoff（划掉）thelist,apieceofmyselfis19.NotonlyamIshowingmyfamilyit’simportantto20,butI’mshowingmyselfthatI’mworthit.1、A．how B．where C．whether D．because2、A．washed B．looked C．stayed D．felt3、A．behavior B．statement C．question D．rudeness4、A．face B．life C．eyes D．thoughts5、A．defeat B．save C．explain D．teach6、A．seldom B．always C．yet D．almost7、A．complete B．similar C．unforgettable D．different8、A．learningfrom B．settingup C．lookinginto D．participatingin9、A．jumped B．changed C．ran D．burst10、A．nervous B．calm C．pretty D．cold11、A．slidaway B．approachedto C．gotoutof D．camebackto12、A．did B．got C．missed D．appreciated13、A．mirror B．son C．list D．photo14、A．ticked B．added C．built D．enlarged15、A．souvenir B．medal C．cap D．shirt16、A．patiently B．embarrassingly C．proudly D．unwillingly17、A．huge B．freezing C．beautiful D．deep18、A．letter B．date C．name D．goal19、A．returning B．disappearing C．united D．cured20、A．work B．dream C．learn D．share第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）YoumaybeintheUnitedStatesonlyashorttimebeforeyouareinvitedtodinnerinanAmericanhome.Yourhostsmaytelephoneyouoraskyou1．person,ortheymaysendyouawritten2．(invite)inthemail.Ifyougetone,youshouldtelephoneyourhoststoaccept.AdinnerinanAmericanhomeismostlikelytobeameal3．(serve)toguestssittingatatable.Iftheguests4．(seat)atthetable,thehostsmayservethefood,oritmaybepassedso5．eachpersonmayhelphimself.Therearesomeothercustomsyoushouldknow.Youshouldarriveontime.Whenyougetthere,yourhostsmayofferyousomethingtodrink,andsomelightfoodbeforedinner.Themealis6．(usual)servedabouthalf7．hourafteralltheguestsarrive.MostAmericansdonothavemaids8．otherhelpinthehouse.Oftenthehusbandandwifeandtheirchildrensharetheresponsibilitiesof9．(prepare)themealandcleaningupafterward.Afterdinner,theguestsoftenstaywiththehostforanothertwoorthreehours.Thenallofthemenjoy10．(them).第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Thismorning,ourschoolheldafiredrill.Wewerelisteningtotheteacherattentivelyinthemathclasswhileweheardthefirealarmfromthespeakeronthewall.Theteachersstoppedteachingimmediatelyandinstructingustoexittheclassroominorder.Whenitgotintothepassageway,wefoundweweresurroundedbyheavysmokesomewhere.Itwaschokingandourtearsrandown.Webentdown,coveredourmouthswithhandkerchiefs,andrandownstairsrapidintotheopenontheplayground,justaswehadtaughtbefore.Whenwecomebacktoourclassroom,wegaveasummaryofthisfiredrill.Ithinkthefiredisastersoftenhappen.Soweshouldknowthetipstoescapefromafireforcaseofemerg