2026 年新高考英语文化常识专项试卷（附答案可下载）

2026年新高考英语文化常识专项试卷（附答案可下载）注意事项1.本试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟，聚焦新高考英语文化常识核心考点，涵盖阅读理解（中外文化场景、文化差异、文化习俗解读）、七选五（文化话题衔接匹配）、短文改错（文化表达错误修正）、书面表达（文化相关话题写作）等高频题型，重点考查对中外文化常识、礼仪习俗、节日庆典、文学艺术等内容的理解与运用能力。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡指定位置，字迹清晰、工整，不得涂改。3.所有答案必须书写在答题卡对应答题区域，写在本试卷、草稿纸等非指定位置的答案一律无效。4.考试结束后，须将本试卷和答题卡一并交回，不得私自留存、复制试卷或答题卡内容。第一部分阅读理解（共12小题，每小题4分，满分48分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项（每题均侧重文化常识考查）。Passage1ThanksgivingisoneofthemostimportantnationalholidaysintheUnitedStatesandCanada,celebratedtoexpressgratitudefortheblessingsoftheharvestandthepastyear.WhilebothcountriesobserveThanksgiving,thereareslightdifferencesinthedateandsomecustoms.IntheUnitedStates,ThanksgivingiscelebratedonthefourthThursdayinNovember.TheoriginofAmericanThanksgivingdatesbackto1621,whenthePilgrims(Englishsettlers)heldafeastwiththeWampanoagNativeAmericanstothankthemfortheirhelpinsurvivingthefirstharshwinterintheNewWorld.ThefeastincludedfoodsnativetotheAmericas,suchasturkey,corn,sweetpotatoes,andpumpkinpie—dishesthatremaintraditionalformodernThanksgivingmeals.CanadianThanksgiving,ontheotherhand,iscelebratedonthesecondMondayinOctober.ItsoriginiscloselylinkedtotheharvestseasoninCanada,whichcomesearlierduetothecountry’snorthernlocation.ThefirstCanadianThanksgivingfeastwasheldin1578byEnglishexplorerMartinFrobisher,whothankedGodforhissafearrivalintheAmericas.SimilartotheUS,CanadianThanksgivingmealsalsofeatureturkeyasthemaindish,alongwithseasonalvegetablesanddesserts.Forbothcountries,Thanksgivingisafamily-centeredholiday.Familiesusuallygatherforalargemeal,sharestories,andexpressgratitudetoeachother.ParadesandfootballgamesarealsopopulartraditionsintheUnitedStates,whileCanadiansoftenenjoyoutdooractivitiessuchashikingandapplepickingduringthelongweekend.1.WhenisThanksgivingcelebratedintheUnitedStates?A.ThesecondMondayinOctoberB.ThefourthThursdayinNovemberC.ThefirstSundayinNovemberD.ThethirdFridayinOctober2.WhatisthemainoriginofAmericanThanksgiving?A.TocelebratethesafearrivalofexplorersB.TothankGodforagoodharvestC.ToexpressgratitudetoNativeAmericansforhelpD.Tomarktheendoftheharshwinter3.WhichofthefollowingisacommontraditionforbothUSandCanadianThanksgiving?A.HoldinglargeparadesB.HavingturkeyasthemaindishC.PlayingfootballgamesD.GoinghikingandapplepickingPassage2TeacultureisanintegralpartofChinesetradition,withahistoryofmorethan4,000years.Unlikethecasualtea-drinkinghabitsinsomeWesterncountries,Chineseteacultureemphasizesetiquette,harmony,andtheappreciationoftea’sflavorandaroma.ThereareseveraltypesofChinesetea,includinggreentea,blacktea,oolongtea,whitetea,andpu’ertea,eachwithuniqueproductionmethodsandhealthbenefits.TheChineseteaceremony,knownas"ChaDao"or"TheWayofTea,"isatraditionalritualthatcombinesphilosophy,etiquette,andaesthetics.ItoriginatedduringtheTangDynastyandflourishedintheSongDynasty.Theceremonyfocusesontheharmonybetweenhumansandnature,andbetweenthehostandguests.Everystepoftheceremony—frompreparingtheteasettobrewingandservingthetea—isdonewithprecisionandgrace.Thehostusuallyusesasmallteapotandteacups,andservestheteainaspecificorder,startingwiththeeldestormostdistinguishedguest.InChineseculture,teaisnotonlyabeveragebutalsoasymboloffriendshipandrespect.Itiscustomarytoofferteatoguestswhentheyvisit,asasignofhospitality.Duringimportantoccasionssuchasweddingsandfestivals,teaisalsousedasagifttoexpressgoodwishes.Additionally,teahaslongbeenassociatedwithChinesephilosophy,particularlyTaoism,whichemphasizessimplicityandtranquility—qualitiesthatarereflectedintheteaceremony.Incontrast,Westernteaculture,whichoriginatedinthe17thcenturywhenteawasintroducedtoEuropefromChina,ismorecasual.Afternoontea,afamousWesterntradition,wasinventedinthe1840sbyAnnaRussell,theDuchessofBedford,torelievehungerbetweenlunchanddinner.Itusuallyincludesblackteaservedwithsandwiches,sconeswithjamandcream,andpastries.UnlikeChineseteaceremonies,Westernafternoonteafocusesonsocializingandenjoyingfoodratherthanritualandphilosophy.4.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheChineseteaceremony?A.Toshowoffthehost’steasetB.ToemphasizeharmonyandetiquetteC.TopromotethesaleofChineseteaD.Toteachguestshowtobrewtea5.WhichofthefollowingisasymbolofChineseteaculture?A.CasualsocializingB.SandwichesandpastriesC.FriendshipandrespectD.Hungerreliefbetweenmeals6.HowisWesternafternoonteadifferentfromtheChineseteaceremony?A.Ithasalongerhistory.B.Itfocusesonritualandphilosophy.C.Itismoreaboutsocializingandfood.D.Itusesonlygreentea.Passage3Literaryworksareanimportantcarrierofculture,reflectingthevalues,customs,andhistoryofanation.TwoclassicliteraryworksthathavehadaprofoundimpactonWesterncultureareWilliamShakespeare’splaysandtheBible.WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)iswidelyregardedasthegreatestplaywrightinEnglishliterature.Hisworks,includingtragediessuchasHamlet,RomeoandJuliet,andMacbeth,comediessuchasAMidsummerNight’sDreamandAsYouLikeIt,andhistoriessuchasHenryVandRichardIII,exploreuniversalthemessuchaslove,hate,ambition,justice,andhumannature.Shakespeare’splaysarenotonlypopularinEnglish-speakingcountriesbuthavealsobeentranslatedintohundredsoflanguagesandperformedworldwide.Manyofhisquotes,suchas"Tobeornottobe,thatisthequestion"and"Alltheworld’sastage,"havebecomepartofeverydayEnglish.TheBible,asacredtextforChristians,isalsoamajorworkofWesternliterature.Itconsistsoftwoparts:theOldTestament(focusedonthehistoryandbeliefsoftheJewishpeople)andtheNewTestament(focusedonthelifeandteachingsofJesusChrist).TheBiblehashadasignificantinfluenceonWesternart,music,literature,andlaw.ManyWesternpaintings,sculptures,andmusicalworksarebasedonBiblestories,suchasMichelangelo’sSistineChapelceilingandHandel’sMessiah.Additionally,manyEnglishidiomsandexpressionscomefromtheBible,suchas"aneyeforaneye"and"theappleofone’seye."BothShakespeare’sworksandtheBiblehaveshapedWesterncultureinmanyways.Theyhaveinfluencedpeople’svalues,language,andartisticcreation,andcontinuetobestudiedandappreciatedaroundtheworld.UnderstandingtheseworksisessentialforunderstandingWesterncultureanditsimpactonglobalcivilization.7.WhichofthefollowingisatragedywrittenbyShakespeare?A.AMidsummerNight’sDreamB.RomeoandJulietC.AsYouLikeItD.HenryV8.WhatisthecompositionoftheBible?A.OldTestamentandNewTestamentB.TragediesandcomediesC.HistorybooksandpoemsD.Playsandessays9.WhyareShakespeare’sworksandtheBibleimportantforunderstandingWesternculture?A.TheyaretheonlyclassicworksinWesternliterature.B.TheyhaveshapedWesternvalues,languageandart.C.TheyarewidelyreadonlyinEnglish-speakingcountries.D.Theywerewrittenduringthesamehistoricalperiod.Passage4Etiquette,thesetofrulesgoverningsocialbehavior,variesgreatlyfromculturetoculture.Whatisconsideredpoliteinoneculturemayberudeinanother,whichisparticularlyimportanttonoteincross-culturalcommunication.Twosignificantculturaldifferencesinetiquettearegreetingcustomsandgift-givingtraditions.InWesterncountriessuchastheUnitedStates,Canada,andtheUnitedKingdom,handshakingisthemostcommongreeting.Afirmbutbriefhandshake,accompaniedbyeyecontactandasmile,isconsideredpolite.Huggingandkissingonthecheekareusuallyreservedforclosefriendsandfamilymembers.Incontrast,inmanyAsiancountriessuchasChina,Japan,andSouthKorea,bowingisatraditionalgreeting.Thedepthofthebowindicatesthelevelofrespect—adeeperbowshowsmorerespecttoeldersorsuperiors.InChina,handshakingisalsocommoninformalsettings,butitisusuallylighterandshorterthaninWesterncountries.Gift-givingisanotherareawhereculturaletiquettediffers.InWesterncultures,giftsareusuallygivenonspecialoccasionssuchasbirthdays,Christmas,andanniversaries.Itiscustomarytowrapgiftsnicely,andtherecipientusuallyopensthegiftimmediatelytoshowappreciation.However,insomeAsiancultures,suchasChinaandJapan,giftsareoftengivenduringfestivalsorwhenvisitingsomeone’shome.Thegiftshouldbewrappedneatly,buttherecipientmaynotopenitimmediatelytoavoidappearinggreedy.Additionally,therearesometaboosingift-giving:forexample,givingclocksinChinaisconsideredbadluck(becausetheChinesewordfor"clock"soundssimilartothewordfor"death"),andgivingwhiteflowersinWesterncountriesisassociatedwithfunerals.Understandingtheseculturaldifferencesinetiquetteiscrucialforeffectivecross-culturalcommunication.Ithelpsavoidmisunderstandingsandshowsrespectforothercultures,whichisessentialinanincreasinglyglobalizedworld.10.WhatisthecommongreetinginWesterncountries?A.BowingB.HuggingC.HandshakingD.Kissingontheforehead11.WhydosomeAsianrecipientsnotopengiftsimmediately?A.Theydon’tlikethegift.B.Theywanttoavoidappearinggreedy.C.Theydon’tknowhowtowrapgifts.D.Theyprefertoopengiftsinprivate.12.Whichofthefollowingisagift-givingtabooinChina?A.GivingwrappedgiftsB.GivingclocksC.GivinggiftsduringfestivalsD.Givingflowers第二部分七选五（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项（侧重文化话题衔接匹配，考查对文化常识相关内容连贯性及逻辑关系的把握）。ChineseNewYear,alsoknownasSpringFestival,isthemostimportanttraditionalholidayinChina.Itiscelebratedtowelcomethenewlunaryearandbidfarewelltotheoldone.Thecelebrationusuallylastsfor15days,fromNewYear’sEvetotheLanternFestival.TherearemanyuniquecustomsassociatedwithChineseNewYear,whichreflectChinesecultureandvalues.________(13)AfewdaysbeforeNewYear’sEve,familiesusuallycleantheirhomesthoroughly.Thiscustom,knownas"sweepingthedust,"symbolizessweepingawaybadluckandwelcominggoodfortune.Itisalsoawaytoprepareacleanenvironmentforthenewyear’scelebrations.________(14)OnNewYear’sEve,familymembersgatherforagrandreuniondinner.Thedinnerusuallyincludesdisheswithspecialsymbolicmeanings.Forexample,fishisamust-havebecausetheChinesewordfor"fish"soundssimilartothewordfor"surplus,"symbolizingprosperity.Dumplingsarealsopopular,astheirshaperesemblesancientChinesegoldorsilveringots,representingwealth.________(15)Redenvelopes,knownas"hongbao,"areanotherimportantcustom.Adultsusuallygiveredenvelopescontainingmoneytochildrenandelders.Theredcolorsymbolizesgoodluckandjoy,andthemoneyinsideisawishfortherecipienttohaveaprosperousnewyear.Redenvelopesareusuallygivenduringfamilygatheringsorwhenvisitingrelativesandfriends.________(16)DuringtheSpringFestival,peopleoftenvisittheirrelativesandfriendstoexchangegreetings.Thiscustom,knownas"bainian,"isawaytostrengthenfamilybondsandfriendship.Whenvisiting,peopleusuallybringgiftsandsaygreetingssuchas"HappyNewYear"and"Wishyouprosperity."________(17)TheLanternFestival,whichfallsonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth,markstheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations.Onthisday,peoplehangcolorfullanterns,solvelanternriddles,andeatyuanxiao(glutinousriceballs).Yuanxiaosymbolizesfamilyreunionandharmony.ThesecustomshavebeenpasseddownforthousandsofyearsandareanimportantpartofChineseculture.TheynotonlybringjoytopeoplebutalsoreflecttheChinesevaluesoffamily,harmony,andprosperity.A.HavingareuniondinneronNewYear’sEveB.ExchangingredenvelopesforgoodluckC.DecoratinghomeswithredlanternsD.CleaninghomestosweepawaybadluckE.CelebratingtheLanternFestivalF.VisitingrelativesandfriendstogreetthenewyearG.PreparingtraditionalNewYear’ssnacks第三部分短文改错（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改（侧重文化表达错误、文化常识相关语法及逻辑错误等）。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。MyExperienceofCelebratingChristmasLastyear,IhadthechancetocelebrateChristmaswithmyAmericanfriendTomandhisfamily.ChristmasisoneofthemostimportantfestivalinWesterncountries,andIwasexcitedtoexperienceitbymyself.BeforeChristmasEve,Tom’sfamilydecoratedtheirhousewithChristmastree,lights,andcolorfulballs.Theyalsohungastockingbythefireplaceforeachfamilymember.TomtoldmethatSantaClauswouldcomedownfromthechimneyandputgiftsintothestockingsduringthenight.Itsoundedveryinterestingly.OnChristmasEve,wehadabigdinnertogether.Thedinnerincludedroastturkey,potatoes,andmanyotherdeliciousfood.Afterdinner,wesangChristmascarolsandplayedgames.Tom’sparentsgavemeagift,whichwasabookaboutAmericanculture.Iwasveryhappyandthankedthempolite.OnChristmasmorning,Iwokeupearlyandcheckedmystocking.Therewasabeautifulpeninit,thatmademeveryexcited.IrealizedthatChristmasisnotonlyaboutgiftsbutalsoaboutfamilygatherandlove.Itwasameaningfulexperienceforme,andIlearnedalotaboutWesternculture.第四部分书面表达（满分17分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter对中国的传统节日端午节很感兴趣，他来信向你询问端午节的相关情况。请你根据以下提示，给Peter写一封回信，介绍端午节的文化常识。提示：1.时间：农历五月初五；2.起源：纪念爱国诗人屈原；3.传统习俗：吃粽子、赛龙舟、挂艾草等；4.文化意义：传承爱国精神、家人团聚。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；3.行文连贯，文化常识表述准确，语言得体。DearPeter,I’mgladtohearthatyou’reinterestedintheDragonBoatFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IfyouhavethechancetocometoChina,I’dbehappytocelebrateitwithyou.Yourssincerely,LiHua参考答案第一部分阅读理解（48分）1-5：BCBBC6-10：CBACA11-12：BB解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段“IntheUnitedStates,ThanksgivingiscelebratedonthefourthThursdayinNovember”可知，美国感恩节在11月的第四个周四，故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第二段“TheoriginofAmericanThanksgivingdatesbackto1621,whenthePilgrims...heldafeastwiththeWampanoagNativeAmericanstothankthemfortheirhelp”可知，美国感恩节起源是为了感谢美洲原住民的帮助，故选C。3.细节理解题。根据第三段“SimilartotheUS,CanadianThanksgivingmealsalsofeatureturkeyasthemaindish”可知，美加两国感恩节的共同传统是吃火鸡为主菜，故选B。4.细节理解题。根据第二段“TheChineseteaceremony...focusesontheharmonybetweenhumansandnature,andbetweenthehostandguests”可知，中国茶道的核心是强调和谐与礼仪，故选B。5.细节理解题。根据第三段“InChineseculture,teaisnotonlyabeveragebutalsoasymboloffriendshipandrespect”可知，茶是中国文化中友谊和尊重的象征，故选C。6.细节理解题。根据第四段“Westernafternoonteafocusesonsocializingandenjoyingfoodratherthanritualandphilosophy”可知，西方下午茶更注重社交和美食，故选C。7.细节理解题。根据第二段“tragediessuchasHamlet,RomeoandJuliet,andMacbeth”可知，《罗密欧与朱丽叶》是莎士比亚的悲剧作品，故选B。8.细节理解题。根据第三段“TheBible...consistsoftwoparts:theOldTestament...andtheNewTestament”可知，《圣经》由旧约和新约组成，故选A。9.细节理解题。根据第四段“BothShakespeare’sworksandtheBiblehaveshapedWesternculture...influencedpeople’svalues,language,andartisticcreation”可知，两者因塑造了西方价值观、语言和艺术而对理解西方文化很重要，故选B。10.细节理解题。根据第二段“InWesterncountries...handshakingisthemostcommongreeting”可知，西方国家常见的问候方式是握手，故选C。11.细节理解题。根据第三段“therecipientmaynotopenitimmediatelytoavoidappearinggreedy”可知，亚洲一些国家的受礼者不立即拆礼物是为了避免显得贪婪，故选B。12.细节理解题。根据第三段“givingclocksinChinaisconsideredbadluck”可知，在中国送钟表是禁忌，故选B。第二部分七选五（15分）13-17：DABFE解析：13.篇章衔接题。该空后内容围绕“扫尘”习俗展开，与D项“打扫房屋以扫除霉运”高度契合，作为春节习俗之一衔接自然，故选D。14.篇章衔接题。该空后内容详细描述了除夕团圆饭及特色菜品的象征意义，与A项“除夕吃团圆饭”完全对应，故选A。15.篇章衔接题。该空后内容介绍了红包的习俗及寓意，与B项“交换红包求好运”逻辑一致，故选B。16.篇章衔接题。该空后内容围绕“拜年”习俗（走亲访友、互致问候）展开，与F项“走访亲友贺新年”衔接紧密，故选F。17.篇章衔接题。该空后内容介绍了元宵节的习俗及意义，与E项“庆祝元宵节”对应，作为春节的收尾习俗合理，故选E。第三部分短文改错（20分）1.festival→festivals（oneof后接可数名词复数，表“……之一”）2.by→on（experiencesth.onone’sown为固定搭配，表“独自体验某事”，byoneself侧重“通过自己的方式”）3.Christmastree→aChristmastree（tree为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，需加不定冠词a）4.interestingly→interesting（sound为系动词，后接形容词作表语，interestingly为副词）5.food→foods（food此处表“各种食物、菜肴”，为可数名词，用复数形式）6.polite→politely（修饰动词thanked，用副词形式，polite为形容词）7.that→which（非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，关系词用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句）8.gather→gathering（about为介词，后接名词作宾语，gather为动词，改为动名词gathering）9.去掉the（Christmasmorning前通常不加定冠词the，节日名称后接具体时间时，一般不用冠词）10.learned→learned/learnt（learn的过去式有两种正确形式，learned或learnt，此处统一修改为learned或learnt均