2025年PLIDAB1阅读模拟试题集：附文化背景知识与真题分析

2025年PLIDAB1阅读模拟试题集：附文化背景知识与真题分析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、阅读下列短文，回答问题。Theconceptof"hygge"(pronouncedhoo-gah),aDanishwordthattranslatesroughlytocozinessorcomfort,hasgainedsignificanttractiongloballyinrecentyears.Whileoftenassociatedwiththecountry'sfamouslymildwinters,hyggeismorethanjustaseasonalphenomenon;it'salifestylechoicethatemphasizescreatingawarm,inviting,andcomfortableatmospherethroughsimplepleasures.It'saboutfindingjoyinthesmallthings,fosteringasenseofwell-being,andspendingqualitytimewithlovedones.Centraltothehyggephilosophyistheideaofcreatingasenseofcozinessthroughlight,color,andtexture.Softlighting,whetherfromcandles,lamps,orfairylights,isbelievedtocreateacalmingambiance.Warmcolors,likereds,oranges,andyellows,areoftenusedtoevokefeelingsofcomfortandhappiness.Textures,too,playakeyrole;thinkplushblankets,softrugs,andwarmthrows,allcontributingtoatactilesenseofcomfort.Foodanddrinkarealsointegralcomponentsofthehyggeexperience.Sharingameal,whetherit'sasimplehomemadedinneroraselectionofdelicioustreats,isseenasawaytoconnectwithothersandcreatelastingmemories.Coffee,tea,andhotchocolateareoftenenjoyedinabundance,contributingtotheoverallfeelingofwarmthandrelaxation.Theemphasisisonqualityoverquantity;it'sthesharedexperienceandthewarmthofthemomentthattrulymatter.Hyggeisalsoaboutembracingthesimplepleasuresinlife.Thiscouldinvolvereadingagoodbook,listeningtomusic,takingarelaxingbath,orsimplyenjoyingthecompanyoffriendsandfamily.It'saboutslowingdownandappreciatingthepresentmoment,ratherthanconstantlyworryingaboutthefutureordwellingonthepast.Thismindfulapproachtolifeisbelievedtocontributesignificantlytooverallhappinessandwell-being.Whilehyggemayseemlikeasimpleconcept,itsprinciplescanbeappliedtoalmostanysituationorsetting.Whetheryouliveinacoldclimateorawarmone,whetheryoupreferthecompanyofothersorenjoysolitude,therearewaystoincorporatehyggeintoyourlife.It'saboutfindingwhatbringsyoujoyandcomfort,andcreatingaspacewhereyoucantrulyrelaxandbeyourself.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarypurposeofhygge?2.Whatroledolight,color,andtextureplayincreatingahyggeatmosphere?3.Howdofoodanddrinkcontributetothehyggeexperience?4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthepracticeofhygge?5.Howmightsomeoneincorporatetheprinciplesofhyggeintotheirdailylife,regardlessoftheirpersonalpreferencesorlivingconditions?二、阅读下列短文，回答问题。Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateacrossvarioussectors,fromindustryandacademiatogovernmentandthearts.Proponentshighlightitspotentialtorevolutionizenumerousfields,offeringunprecedentedefficiency,innovation,andproblem-solvingcapabilities.TheypointtoAI'sroleinadvancingmedicaldiagnoses,optimizinglogisticaloperations,enhancingcreativeprocesses,andevencontributingtoscientificdiscoveriesthatwerepreviouslyunimaginable.TheabilityofAIsystemstoanalyzevastdatasetsatspeedsunattainablebyhumanspresentsacompellingcasefortheirintegrationintoourincreasinglycomplexworld.However,thistechnologicaladvancementisnotwithoutitscritics.Concernsaboundregardingthepotentialdisplacementofhumanworkers,asAIsystemscapableofperformingroutinetasksbecomemoresophisticated.Ethicalconsiderationsalsoloomlarge,particularlyconcerningdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologiesbymaliciousactorsorgovernments.TherearefearsthatAIcouldexacerbateexistingsocialinequalities,forinstance,byperpetuatingbiasespresentintrainingdataorbybeingaccessibleonlytothosewithsignificantresources.Furthermore,thelong-termimplicationsforhumanautonomyanddecision-makingareraised,asrelianceonAIcouldpotentiallydiminishcriticalthinkingskillsandhumanjudgment.TheimpactofAIonemploymentisasignificantpointofcontention.WhilesomearguethatAIwillprimarilyautomatejobsfocusedonrepetitivemanualorcognitivetasks,leadingtothecreationofnewrolesrequiringdifferentskillsets,otherscontendthattheneteffectcouldbejoblossonasignificantscale.Thisuncertaintycreatesanxietyaboutthefutureworkforceandtheneedforsubstantialsocietaladaptation,includingpotentiallyradicalshiftsineducationandtrainingsystemstoprepareindividualsforanAI-driveneconomy.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachinvolvingpolicymakers,technologists,educators,andthepublic.DevelopingrobustethicalframeworksandregulationsiscrucialtoguidetheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAI.PromotingtransparencyinAIalgorithmsandensuringfairnessisessentialtomitigatebias.Investingineducationandreskillingprogramscanhelpworkersadapttoevolvingjobmarkets.Additionally,fosteringpublicdiscourseandunderstandingaboutAIisvitaltonavigateitssocietalimpacteffectively.ThefuturetrajectoryofAIwilllikelydependheavilyonourcollectiveabilitytomanagethesecomplexchallengesproactively.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassageregardingartificialintelligence?7.Accordingtoproponents,whataresomeofthekeybenefitsofAI?8.WhataresomeoftheethicalconcernsassociatedwithAImentionedinthepassage?9.HowmightAIimpactthefutureworkforce,accordingtothepassage?10.WhatstepsaresuggestedinthepassagetoaddressthechallengespresentedbyAI?三、阅读下列短文，回答问题。Intheheartofmanybustlingmoderncitiesliesagrowingconcernthatoftengoesunnoticed:theimpactofurbannoisepollution.Whiletheconstanthumoftraffic,constructionsites,andindustrialactivityformsthebackdropofcitylifeformillions,thecumulativeeffectofthisnoiseisprovingtobemorethanjustanannoyance;itposessignificantriskstohumanhealth,well-being,andevenenvironmentalquality.Unliketraditionalformsofpollutionlikeairorwatercontamination,noisepollutionisinvisibleandofteninaudibleinitssubtlestforms,yetitspervasivepresencecanhaveprofoundphysiologicalandpsychologicalconsequences.Thephysiologicaleffectsofnoisepollutionarewell-documentedandconcerning.Chronicexposuretoloudnoises,eventhoseconsideredbackgroundnoise,canleadtovarioushealthissues.Sleepdisruptionisperhapsthemostimmediateandwidelyrecognizedeffect;noisecanfragmentsleeppatterns,leadingtodifficultiesfallingasleep,frequentawakenings,andreducedoverallsleepquality,whichinturncancontributetofatigue,irritability,anddecreasedcognitivefunction.Beyondsleep,prolongedexposureislinkedtoincreasedbloodpressureandstresshormonelevels,potentiallyraisingtheriskofcardiovasculardiseasessuchashypertensionandheartattacks.Furthermore,noisecannegativelyimpactthenervoussystem,leadingtoheightenedstressresponsesandpotentiallyexacerbatingexistingmentalhealthconditions.Psychologically,thetollofnoisepollutionisequallysignificant.Continuousorirregularnoisecanbeamajorsourceofannoyance,reducingoverallqualityoflifeandimpactingmood.Itcanmakeconcentrationdifficult,hinderingproductivityinworkplacesandtheabilitytofocusonlearningtasksineducationalenvironments.Forchildren,exposuretoexcessivenoisecanaffectcognitivedevelopment,potentiallyimpactinglanguageacquisitionandacademicperformance.Theconstantsensoryinputcanalsocontributetoasenseofstressandoverwhelm,diminishingtherestorativequalitiesoftenassociatedwithurbanenvironments.Theimpactextendsbeyondindividualhealthtobroaderenvironmentalandsocialrealms.Noisepollutioncanmasknaturalsounds,diminishingpeople'sconnectiontothenaturalworld,whichisincreasinglyrecognizedforitsrestorativebenefits.Itcanalsodisruptwildlifecommunicationandbehavior,affectingecosystemswithinandaroundurbanareas.Effortstomitigatenoisepollutionarecrucialandcaninvolvevariousstrategies,fromurbanplanningthatincorporatesnoisebarriersandgreenspacestothedevelopmentofquietermachineryandvehicles,andimplementingregulationstocontrolnoiselevelsinresidentialareasandduringnighttimehours.Recognizingthepervasivenatureofthis"silent"threatisthefirststeptowardcreatinghealthier,morelivablecities.11.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassageregardingurbannoisepollution?12.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthephysiologicaleffectsofchronicnoiseexposure?13.Howdoesnoisepollutionimpactcognitivefunctions,asmentionedinthetext?14.Whatissuggestedasaconsequenceofnoisepollutionmaskingnaturalsounds?15.Whatstrategiesarementionedinthepassageformitigatingtheeffectsofnoisepollution?试卷答案一、1.根据文章，hygge的主要目的是创造一种温暖、邀请和舒适的氛围，通过简单的乐趣来培养幸福感，并花时间与所爱的人在一起。解析思路：问题询问hygge的主要目的。文章第一段明确指出，hygge是一种生活方式，强调通过简单的乐趣创造温暖、邀请和舒适的氛围，培养幸福感，并花时间与所爱的人在一起。这些句子共同构成了hygge的核心概念和目标。2.光线、颜色和纹理在创造hygge氛围中扮演着角色，通过柔和的光线、温暖的色彩和丰富的纹理来营造一种舒适和放松的环境。解析思路：问题询问光线、颜色和纹理在hygge氛围中的作用。文章第三段详细阐述了这一点，指出柔和的光线（如蜡烛、台灯、仙女灯）、温暖的色彩（如红色、橙色、黄色）和丰富的纹理（如厚毯子、柔软的地毯、温暖的披肩）都有助于创造舒适和放松的氛围，是hygge哲学的重要组成部分。3.食物和饮料通过促进社交互动和共享体验，为hygge体验做出了贡献，强调共同进餐和享受热饮带来的温暖和联系感。解析思路：问题询问食物和饮料如何为hygge体验做出贡献。文章第三段说明，食物和饮料是hygge体验的不可或缺的部分。共享餐食（无论是家常菜还是美味小食）被视为与他人建立联系和创造美好回忆的方式。咖啡、茶和热巧克力的大量饮用也促进了整体上的温暖和放松感。重点在于分享的体验和温暖的时刻，而不是食物本身。4.作者认为hygge的实践在于其简单性，它强调从日常小事中寻找快乐和舒适，关注当下，并提倡一种专注和享受当前时刻的明智生活方式。解析思路：问题询问作者对hygge实践的看法。文章第四段指出，hygge不仅仅是一种季节性的现象，更是一种生活方式选择，它强调通过简单的乐趣来创造温暖、邀请和舒适的氛围。作者提到，hygge涉及到享受阅读好书、听音乐、泡个热水澡或仅仅是享受朋友和家人陪伴的简单快乐。这表明hygge的实践在于其简单性，并提倡一种专注和享受当前时刻的明智生活方式。5.无论个人偏好或居住条件如何，人们可以通过关注创造舒适环境、享受简单乐趣以及与他人建立联系来将hygge原则融入日常生活。解析思路：问题询问如何将hygge原则融入日常生活。文章最后一段指出，hygge的概念可以应用于任何情况或环境。无论你住在哪里或你喜欢什么，都有方法可以将hygge融入你的生活。文章建议找到能给你带来快乐和舒适的东西，并创造一个让你能真正放松和做自己的空间。这表明将hygge原则融入日常生活的方法包括关注创造舒适环境、享受简单乐趣以及与他人建立联系。二、6.文章关于人工智能的主要思想是，它既带来了巨大的潜力和益处，也引发了一系列严峻的挑战和担忧，需要社会各界的共同努力来应对。解析思路：问题询问文章关于人工智能的主要思想。文章从支持者和批评者两个角度全面探讨了人工智能的影响。第一段和第二段分别阐述了人工智能的潜力和风险。第三段讨论了就业影响。第四段提出了应对挑战的方案。因此，文章的主要思想是人工智能既带来了机遇也带来了挑战，需要认真对待。7.根据支持者，人工智能的一些关键好处包括提高效率、促进创新、增强解决问题的能力，以及在医疗诊断、物流优化、创意过程和科学发现等领域发挥革命性作用。解析思路：问题询问支持者认为人工智能的一些关键好处。文章第二段明确列出了人工智能的好处，包括提高效率、促进创新、增强解决问题的能力。具体例子也在该段和第一段提到，如用于先进医疗诊断、优化物流运营、增强创意过程以及促进科学发现。8.文章中提到的与人工智能相关的伦理担忧包括数据隐私问题、算法偏见的风险以及人工智能技术被恶意行为者或政府滥用的可能性。解析思路：问题询问文章中提到的与人工智能相关的伦理担忧。文章第二段明确提到了几个伦理担忧：数据隐私问题、算法偏见以及人工智能技术被恶意行为者或政府滥用的可能性。这些都是与人工智能发展相关的重大伦理挑战。9.根据文章，人工智能可能会对未来的劳动力产生重大影响，既有可能自动化现有工作岗位导致失业，也有可能创造新的工作岗位，需要劳动力适应技能的转变。解析思路：问题询问人工智能如何影响未来的劳动力。文章第三段专门讨论了人工智能对就业的影响。该段指出，人工智能可能会自动化重复性的手动或认知任务，从而导致一些工作岗位的流失，但也可能