2026年中考英语复习专题课件：句子种类和简单句

第二篇语法突破方案句法(一)句子种类和简单句语境悟语法语境实战练课标考点导图课标考点导图语境悟语法由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子叫简单句。

常见句子种类:陈述句、祈使句、感叹句、疑问句。本专题主要介绍后面三种类型。1句子种类语境悟语法考点一祈使句❘用法总结❘【小贴士】常考句型:祈使句,and/or+陈述句.(陈述句用一般将来时或为含情态动词的句子)1.

(be)quiet,please!Youareinthelibrary.

2.“No

(smoke)!”saysthesign.

3.Letthekidsnot

(leave)schoolalone.

4.(2024自贡改编)Becarefulwiththeknifewhilecooking,anddon’t

(cut)yourfingers.

5.Afteryoufinishwritingyoure-mail,

(click)on“Send”.

6.“LiMing,

(do)yourhomeworkfirst,andyoucanwatchTVfor30minutes,”saidhismom.

语境悟语法Besmoking❘语境体悟❘leavecutclickdo语境悟语法考点二感叹句

❘用法总结❘语境悟语法1.—Hi,guys!Ourteamwonfirstplaceinthetabletennismatch.—

excitingnewsitis!Wearesohappytohearthat.

2.

meaningfulday!Wevolunteeredtocleanupourcitypark.

3.Hachi:ADog’sTalemovedmetotears.

touchingthemovieis!

What❘语境体悟❘WhataHow语境悟语法考点三疑问句❘用法总结❘1.一般疑问句(1)句型(2)答语肯定回答:Yes,certainly./Sure./Ofcourse./Allright.等。否定回答:No,sorry./Notyet./I’mafraidnot.等。语境悟语法2.特殊疑问句(1)特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句类别疑问词含义及用法疑问代词what意为“什么”,询问职业、身份、观点、看法等(无选择范围)which意为“哪一个;哪一些”,询问特定的人或物(有选择范围)who意为“谁”,询问人疑问副词when意为“什么时候”,询问时间where意为“哪里”,询问地点、位置why意为“为什么”,询问原因how意为“如何;怎样”,询问方式、感受语境悟语法(2)how词组引导的特殊疑问句词组含义及用法howlong意为“多长(时间)”,提问时间段或物体的长度howoften意为“多久一次”,提问频率howsoon意为“多久以后”,提问“in+时间段”howmany意为“多少”,提问可数名词的数量howmuch意为“多少”,提问不可数名词的量或价格howfar意为“多远”,提问距离howold意为“多大”,提问年龄语境悟语法3.选择疑问句选择疑问句可以分为以下两种:①一般选择疑问句:一般疑问句(已包含选项A)+or+选项B?

②特殊选择疑问句:特殊疑问句,选项Aor选项B?【小贴士】选择疑问句的答语不用“yes”或“no”,而要用具体的选择来作答。语境悟语法【1】用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Whydon’tyou

(ask)yourmotherforadvice?

2.—David,takeiteasy.It’snotyourfault.—

(who)then?

3.—

you

(use)togotoschoolbybus?

—Yes,Idid.4.—

theseshirts

(make)ofcotton?

—Yes,theyare.TheyaremadeinXinjiang.ask❘语境体悟❘WhoseDiduseAremade语境悟语法5.—

you

(finish)doingyourhomework?

—Yes,Ihave.6.Whatwouldyoulike

(have)thisafternoon?

7.With

(who)doyouwanttoclimbthemountains?

8.DanielgoesforawalkonSundays.

you

(go)withhim?

9.Whatabout

(go)swimmingandrelaxingourselves?

10.Howsoon

thephotos

(come)out?

HavefinishedtohavewhomDogogoingwillcome语境悟语法【2】从方框中选择恰当的疑问词或疑问词组填空。1.(2024广西改编)—Henry,

isyourjob?

—I’mapoliceman.2.(2024无锡改编)

isthegirlwearingascarf?Issheyoursister?

3.(2025遂宁改编)—Excuseme,sir.

isitfromheretothetrainstation?

—Oh,it’sabouttenminutes’walk.4.(2025北京改编)—Steve,

didyoubegintolearnhowtoplaychess?

—Abouttwoyearsago.whatWhoHowfarwhenwhen

what

who

how

much

how

far语境悟语法5.(2025白银改编)—

arethetrousers?

—20pounds.Howmuchwhen

what

who

how

much

how

far语境悟语法2简单句句型例句句型1主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+V)Springcomes.春天来了。句型2主语+谓语(系动词)+表语(S+V+P)Thescarffeelssoftandcomfortable.这条围巾摸起来既柔软又舒服。句型3主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(S+V+O)Mygrandmotherlikesplantingflowers.我的奶奶喜欢种花。句型4主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)Mygrandfatherboughtmeadictionary.=Mygrandfatherboughtadictionaryforme.我的爷爷给我买了一本词典。句型5主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC)Thelittlegirlcoloredtheflowerpurple.小女孩把花涂成了紫色。句型6存现句(therebe句型)Thereisacuponthedesk.书桌上有一个杯子。Ⅰ.在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。1.—

willyouturntoifyouhaveproblemsinyourlife?

—Myparents,Ithink.2.—Hi,Catherine.Longtimenosee.

didyougo?

—IwenttoLondontovisitmyuncle.3.Whatsmellssonice?Let’s

(go)tothekitchenandhavealook.

4.

greatprogressyouhaveachievedinthepastthreeyears!

5.

(think)itover,andyouwillbeabletoworkouttheproblem.

6.

akindboyMikeis!Healwayshelpshisclassmateswithstudy.

语境实战练Who/WhomWheregoWhatThinkWhat7.There

(be)alwayssuccessandfailureineveryone’slife.Weshouldtreatthemwithapeacefulmind.

8.—

isthesportscenterclosedtoday?

—Here’sanotice.Let’shavealook.9.—David,there

(be)adictionaryandsomebooksonyourdesk.Pleaseputthemaway.

—OK,Mom.I’lldoitrightaway.10.—

heavytherainis!

—Yes.Ilovethesmellofwetearthafterrain.Itsmellssofresh.语境实战练isWhyisHowⅡ.语法填空MynameisRyan.Lastsummer,myfamilyandIwenttoanislandforoursummervacation.There1.

(be)somanyfunandinterestingthingstodoontheisland,butmyfavoritewasfishing.Everyday,mymom,mydad,myyoungerbrotherDerekandIwenttothebeach.Wetook2.

(we)littlefishingboatwithus.Momdidn’tlikefishing,soshestayedonthebeachandreadabook.

语境实战练wereourOnemorning,whilewewerefishing,weheardaloudnoise.“3.

isthat?”Iasked.“Oh,don’t4.

(worried),Ryan.Itmightbeaturtle(海龟)swimmingundertheboat,”saidDad.DerekandIlookedaroundtheboat,butwecouldn’tseeanything.Thenwehearda5.

(difference)noise,whichsoundedlikeananimal.“Look,Dad,thereitis!”shoutedDerek.Itwasaseaturtleanditcouldn’tswimwell.“Let’s6.

(go)closerandseewhat’swrongwithit,”Dadsaid.语境实战练WhatworrydifferentgoWhenwegotcloser,wesawthatthere7.

(be)apieceof