2026年研究生入学考试英语综合应用能力题库

2026年研究生入学考试英语综合应用能力题库第一部分：写作（共2题，每题15分，总分30分）题型一：应用文写作（1题，15分）题目：假设你是一名中国大学生，计划参加2027年“全球创新创业大赛”（GlobalInnovationandEntrepreneurshipCompetition），需要给组委会写一封申请信。请说明你的参赛项目（例如：智能环保垃圾分类系统）、项目优势（创新性、市场潜力、社会效益等），并表达你希望获得参赛资格的意愿。信件需包含日期、称谓、正文、结尾敬语和签名。答案：DearOrganizingCommittee,Iamwritingtoexpressmykeeninterestinparticipatinginthe2027GlobalInnovationandEntrepreneurshipCompetition.AsastudentmajoringinEnvironmentalEngineeringatTsinghuaUniversity,Iamexcitedtopresentmyproject——“SmartEco-FriendlyWasteSortingSystem”——whichaimstotackleurbanwastemanagementchallengesthroughartificialintelligenceandsustainabletechnology.ThesystemcombinesIoTsensors,AIalgorithms,andmodularsortingbinstoautomatewasteclassification,significantlyreducingmanuallaborandcontamination.Itskeyinnovationsinclude:1.AdaptiveLearningAlgorithmsthatoptimizesortingaccuracybasedonreal-timedata.2.User-FriendlyMobileAppforcommunityengagementandrecyclingincentives.3.Low-CarbonDesigntominimizeenergyconsumptionduringoperation.MarketresearchshowsagrowingdemandforsmartwastesolutionsinmegacitieslikeShanghaiandShenzhen,wheretraditionalsystemsstrugglewithefficiency.Ourprojectalignswiththecompetition’smissiontopromotesustainableentrepreneurship.Ibelievethisinitiativecouldsetabenchmarkforglobalwastemanagementandwouldbehonoredtocontributetoitsdevelopment.Thankyouforconsideringmyapplication.Ilookforwardtoyourreplyandtheopportunitytoshowcasemywork.Sincerely,[YourName][University][Date]题型二：图表作文（1题，15分）题目：根据以下柱状图，描述中国新能源汽车（NewEnergyVehicles,NEVs）市场增长趋势，并分析影响因素。图表数据来源：中国汽车工业协会（CAAM），2021-2025年。柱状图数据：-2021年：350万辆（渗透率4%）-2022年：625万辆（渗透率8%）-2023年：950万辆（渗透率12%）-2024年：1250万辆（渗透率16%）-2025年（预测）：1650万辆（渗透率20%）写作要求：1.概述总体趋势。2.解释增长原因（政策支持、技术进步、消费者偏好等）。3.提出未来展望。答案：TheRisingTideofChina’sNewEnergyVehicleMarketThebarchartvividlyillustratestheexponentialgrowthofChina’sNewEnergyVehicle(NEV)marketfrom2021to2025.Keyobservationsinclude:1.SteadyExpansioninVolumeandMarketShareNEVsalessurgedfrom350,000units(4%penetration)in2021toanestimated1.65million(20%penetration)in2025.Thistrajectoryreflectsa4-5foldincreaseoverfiveyears,drivenbygovernmentincentivesandconsumeradoption.2.KeyGrowthDrivers-PolicySupport:Governmentsubsidies,taxexemptions,andfreelicenseplateallocationsincitieslikeBeijingandShanghaihavereducedNEVcosts.-TechnologicalAdvancements:Batteryefficiencyimprovedby30%(2021–2024),whilecharginginfrastructureexpandednationwide.-BrandCompetition:Majorautomakers(e.g.,BYD,Nio)introducedaffordablemodels,attractingeco-consciousconsumers.3.FutureOutlookThemarketmayfacechallengessuchasbatteryrawmaterialshortages,butrisingenvironmentalawarenesswillsustaindemand.Internationalpartnerships(e.g.,jointventureswithTesla)couldfurtheraccelerateinnovation.Inconclusion,China’sNEVsectorispoisedforlong-termdominance,reinforcingitsroleasagloballeaderingreenmobility.第二部分：阅读理解（共3题，每题10分，总分30分）题型一：信息匹配（1题，10分）题目：阅读以下招聘广告，匹配括号内的职位与对应要求。招聘广告：1.ProjectManager–Overseescross-functionalteamsfortechR&Dprojects.Requires5+yearsinAIandPMPcertification.2.DataAnalyst–Processeslargedatasetsforbusinessintelligence.NeedsPythonexpertiseandSQLknowledge.3.MarketingSpecialist–DevelopsdigitalcampaignsinChina’se-commercesector.Musthave3+yearswithWeChat/Alibabaplatforms.4.HRBusinessPartner–Advisesontalentstrategiesinmultinationalcorporations.RequiresMBAandexperienceinM&A.匹配选项：A.SkilledinstatisticalmodelingandTableau.B.Expertinagilemethodologiesandstakeholdermanagement.C.ProficientinChinesesocialmediamarketing.D.Stronginorganizationaldevelopmentandlegalcompliance.答案：1-B|2-A|3-C|4-D题型二：细节理解（1题，10分）题目：阅读以下关于“智慧农业”的短文，回答问题。短文：TheriseofsmartagricultureleveragesIoTandAItoenhancecropyields.Dronesequippedwithmultispectralcamerasmonitorsoilhealth,whileprecisionirrigationsystemsoptimizewaterusage.Forexample,inHebeiProvince,smartfarmsreducedpesticideuseby40%(2023report).However,challengespersist,suchashighinitialinvestmentcostsanddataprivacyconcerns.问题：智慧农业如何帮助河北农民减少农药使用？答案：通过无人机多光谱监测土壤，实现精准施肥和病虫害预警，避免过度施药。题型三：主旨概括（1题，10分）题目：阅读以下段落，选择最符合主旨的选项。段落：China’sBeltandRoadInitiative(BRI)hasspurredinfrastructuredevelopmentindevelopingnations.Criticsargueitincreasesdebtburdens,yetproponentshighlightjobcreationandtechnologicaltransfer.Abalancedperspectiverecognizesbothrisksandbenefits,emphasizingtransparencyinfutureprojects.选项：A.BRIissolelyadebttrapforpoorercountries.B.BRI’simpactisdebated,withmixedoutcomes.C.China’seconomicexpansionreliessolelyonBRI.D.BRI’ssuccessdependsonstrictgovernmentoversight.答案：B第三部分：翻译（共2题，每题15分，总分30分）题型一：英译汉（1题，15分）题目：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:"TheFourthIndustrialRevolutionblendsdigital,physical,andbiologicalspheres,reshapingindustries.Companiesmustadaptbyinvestinginautomationandreskillingemployees.Forinstance,inShenzhen’selectronicssector,60%ofworkersreceivedAItrainingin2024tostayrelevant."答案：第四次工业革命融合了数字、物理和生物领域，重塑了各行各业。企业需通过投资自动化和员工再培训来适应变革。以深圳电子行业为例，2024年60%的工人接受了AI技能培训，以保持竞争力。题型二：汉译英（1题，15分）题目：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"中国政府推动‘双碳’目标（碳达峰、碳中和），鼓励企业采用清洁能源，如太阳能和风能。这一政策将促进绿色技术创新，并减少对化石燃料的依赖。"答案：TheChinesegovernm