年安徽省中考英语二轮复习语法专项课件主谓一致

主谓一致

考点梳理考点一语法一致原则

主语和谓语通常要在语法形式上保持一致,即主语是单数形式(可数名词单数、不可数名词)时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数形式(可数名词复数)时,谓语动词用复数形式。用法例句不定代词one、each、every、either、neither等以及由some-、any-、no-、every-等构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式EachofushasanEnglishbook.我们每个人都有一本英语书。Iseverybodyready?每个人都准备好了吗?动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式Doingexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.锻炼有益健康。用法例句由and或both...and...连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式BothheandIareright.我和他都是对的。主语后有with、togetherwith、alongwith、except、but、aswellas、including、like等词时,谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致Theteacherwithhisstudentsisvisitingthemuseum.老师和他的学生们正在参观博物馆。续表

用法例句“分数或百分数+of+名词”以及“alotof/lotsof/plentyof/mostof/halfof/therestof/(a)partof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词形式要由of后面的名词而定Threefourthsofthestudentsexerciseoften.四分之三的学生经常锻炼。Lotsofdamageiscausedbyfire.很多损失是由火灾造成的。用法例句“anumberof+名词复数”表示“许多……”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“thenumberof+名词复数”表示“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式AnumberofplayersarefromAmerica.很多队员来自美国。Thenumberoftheboysinourclassis28.我们班男生的人数是28。【效果评估】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.[2025·甘肃白银]Weall

(love)ourcountryverymuch!

2.Alotofusefuladviceonself-protection______________

(offer)inyesterday’sactivity.

3.Eatingtoomuchsugar

(increase)theriskofheartdisease.

increases

wasoffered

love

4.Lilytogetherwithhersistersoften

(go)tothecinemaatweekends.

5.BothLilyandLucy

(visit)theLanzhouScienceandTechnologyMuseumtwice.

6.

(pet)needalotofcareandattention.Thinktwicebeforekeepingthem.

Pets

havevisited

goes

考点二意义一致原则

用法例句and连接两个并列的主语在意义上指同一概念、事物或人时,谓语动词用单数形式Thepoetandwriterhasproducedmanyworks.这个诗人兼作家创作了很多作品。表时间、距离、长度、价格、度量的词或短语作主语时常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式Fiftydollarsisenough.50美元足够了。用法例句以-s结尾的本身不表示复数意义的名词(如physics、news、maths等)作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式Physicsisabitdifficultforme.物理对我来说有点难。有些集体名词形式上虽为单数,但意义上为复数(如people、police等),作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式Thepolicearelookingforthelostboy.警察正在找那个丢失的男孩。用法例句the+形容词,表示“具有某种特征的一类人”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。the+姓氏名词复数,表示“……一家”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式Theyoungwelcomenewthings.年轻人欢迎新事物。TheGreensareswimming.格林一家正在游泳。用法例句有些集体名词(如family、class、team等)作主语时,若看作整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;若强调其中的每个成员,谓语动词用复数形式Mr.Smith’sfamilyisabigone.史密斯先生家是一个大家庭。Mr.Smith’sfamilyarewatchingTV.史密斯一家人正在看电视。用法例句all、most、more、some、any、none等不定代词作主语时,若指代可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式;若指代可数名词单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式(none作主语时,若指代可数名词复数,谓语动词用单复数形式皆可)Nowallhasbeenchanged.现在一切都变了。Allarepresent.所有的人都在这里。【效果评估】根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词1.我的家人习惯购物时携带布袋而不是塑料袋。Myfamily

usingclothbagsinsteadofplasticoneswhenshopping.

2.老年人有更多的生活经验,我们可以从中学习。Theold

lifeexperiencethatwecanlearnfrom.

have

more

get/are

used

to

3.她胜利的消息传开了,同学们都为她高兴。The

ofhervictory

,andallherclassmatesfeelhappyforher.

spreads

news

考点三就近原则

用法例句连词or、either...or...、neither...nor...、notonly...butalso...等连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在人称和数上保持一致Whathedoesorwhathesaysdoesn’tconcernme.他的行为或言谈都与我无关。NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没错。用法例句当Therebe和Herebe句型中的主语是两个或两个以上的并列名词时,谓语动词与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致Thereisabookandtwocupsonthetable.桌上有一本书和两个杯子。【效果评估】一、单项填空1.[2025·吉林长春]There

someflowersinmyroom.Ioftenwaterthem.

A.isB.areC.wasD.wereB

二、用be动词的适当形式填空2.NeitherLilynorherparents

outdoorswhentherainstormcame.

3.Don’tworry.There

lotsoftimelefttocompletethistask.

4.GuizhouislocatedinthesouthwestofChina.Here

plentyofplacesofinterestandspeciallocalculture.

are

is

were

强化练习一、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空(每小题1分,满分8分)1.WatchingTVtoomuch

(be)badforyoureyes.

2.BothJaneandLily

(be)doctors.

3.Theyoung

(like)listeningtopopsongs.

4.NowTomwithhisclassmates

(play)footballontheplayground.

isplaying

like

are

is

5.Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthat________

(include)learningfromtextbooks,andmistakesaswell.

6.[2025·四川达州]Healways

(spend)timewithhisfamilyonweekends.

7.[2025·云南]Nowadays,thousandsofforeign__________

(visit)cometoChinaonvacation.

visitors

spends

includes

8.Notonlymyparentsbutmylittlesister_____________(prepare)forthebirthdaypartywhenIgothome.

waspreparing

二、根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词(每小题2分,满分16分)1.这个作家兼演说家现在正在她的家乡做关于中国文化的演讲。Thewriterandspeaker

aspeechonChinesecultureinherhometownnow.

is

giving/making

2.不管生活有多艰难,海伦从未放弃希望。Howeverhardthelifeis,Helennever________________

herhope.

3.[2025·甘肃白银]新年是亲朋团聚的好时光。NewYearisawonderfultimewhenfamilyandfriends

.

come/get/are

together

gives

up

4.越来越多的人正在使用AI来帮助他们工作。Moreandmorepeople

AItohelpthemwiththeirwork.

5.“林业英雄”郭万刚在过去的四十多年里在腾格里沙漠上建起了一道绿色屏障。GuoWangang,theforestryhero,

agreenbeltintheTenggerDesertformorethan40years.

has

built

are

using

6.团队合作在实现我们的目标中发挥着重要作用。Teamwork

animportant

inachievingourgoals.

7.相声中有说学逗唱四种艺术手段。

fourkeyskillsofxiangsheng—shuo,xue,douandchang.

There

are

role/part

plays

8.“一带一路”倡议源于中国,但它属于整个世界。TheBeltandRoadInitiativeisfromChinabut_________

thewholeworld.

belongs

to

三、按要求完成句子,每空一词(每小题2分,满分8分)1.Iamnotgoodatplayin