雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Soil Mechanics（西安交通）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Whichofthefollowingitemsiscloselyrelatedtosoilmechanics（）ALandslideandfoundationsettlementBSteelstructureCConcretestructureDWoodenstructure第1题Thepartofrock,soilandgroundwaterinvolvedincivilengineeringconstructionisalsocommonlyregardedasgeotechnicalengineering.第2题Whichofthefollowingengineeringissuesarecloselyrelatedtogeotechnicalengineering（

）AFoundationexcavation

BPouringfloorCHighwayroadbedDSteelstructuredesign正确答案：AC第3题Landslidesaregeologicaldisastersassociatedwithgeotechnicalengineering.第4题Soilisaloosegranularmaterialthatresultsfromtheweatheringofrocks,erosion,naturaltransport,anddepositioninanewenvironment.1.1Test第1题Thethree-phasecompositionofsoilreferstosolidphase,liquidphaseandgasphase1.2Test第1题Whichofthefollowingweatheredproductshasbeeneroded,transported,anddepositedthroughvariousgeologicalprocesses,andfinallyformedsoil（

）ArockBthecoreofearthCthemantleofearthDconcrete1.3.1Test第1题Amongthethree-phasecompositionofsoil,whichphaseisnotincludedindrysoil（

）AsolidBliquidCgasDuncertain1.3.2Test第1题Intheparticlesizedistributioncurveofsoil,Cu=18.0andCc=1.88.Thesoilis（

）Awell-gradedsoilBpoor-gradedsoilCnotsuitableasfoundationmaterialDunabletojudge1.4Test第1题Thesinglegrainfabricismainlycoarse-grainedsoil,suchascrushedstone,gravel,sandandsomeothercoarsegrainsoil.1.5.1Test第1题Themassandvolumeofairinthesoilcanbeignored.1.5.2Test第1题Theindexesreflectingthedegreeofdensityofsoilincludevoidratioandporosity.1.6Test第1题Thedisadvantageofdividingthedensityaccordingtothevoidratioisthatitcannotfullyconsidertheparticlesizegradation.1.7Test第1题Thelimitwatercontentofcohesivesoilwhenitchangesfromthesemi-solidstatetotheplasticstateiscalled（

）Aliquidlimit

Bplasticlimit

CshrinkagelimitDuncertain1.8Test第1题

Insoil-fillingprojects,()isoftenusedastheevaluationindexofcompactioneffect.AgravityBdrydensity

CvoidratioDuncertain1.9Test第1题Usuallygravelandsandarecoarse-grainedsoil,classifiedaccordingtoparticlesizegradation.1.10Test第1题Thethree-phaseindexofphysicalpropertyofsoilisthebasicknowledgeofsoilmechanics.Exercises第1题Thelimitforthetransformationofcohesivesoilfromsemi-solidtoplasticstateis()AplasticlimitBliquidityindexCliquidlimitDplasticityindex第2题Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthethree-phaseratioindexofthephysicalpropertiesofsoiliscorrect（

）AThevoidratioofthesoilwillneverbegreaterthan1BThewatercontent

ofthesoilistheratioofthemassofwatertothetotalmassofthesoilCThenaturalwatercontentandvoidratioofthesoilarethebasicindexesthatcanbedirectlymeasuredDTheporosityistheratioofthevolumeofvoidstothetotalvolumeofthesoil第3题Theporevolumeoffullysaturatedsoilisequaltothevolumeofwater.第4题Thegreatertheplasticityindexofcohesivesoil,thegreaterthehardnessofthesoil.第5题Theoptimumwatercontentofsoilcanbedeterminedbythecompactiontestofsoil.

第6题Generally,thesaturatedunitweightofasoilsampleisgreaterthanthebuoyantunitweight.

2.1Test第1题Theimportantparametersaffectingthepermeabilityofthesoilis（

）Asaturation

BwatercontenCcoefficientofpermeabilityDalloftheabove2.2Test第1题Thesandpileinaslightlywetstatecankeeptheverticalsteepwalluptoseveraltensofcentimeterswithoutcollapsingisduetotheexistenceof（

）Atension

BbuoyancyCcapillarycohesionDgravity2.3Test第1题Accordingtotheflowlinesofgroundwater,thetypesofgroundwaterseepageisdividedinto（

）Alaminarflowandturbulentflow

Bsteadyflowandturbulentflow

ClaminarflowandunsteadyflowDuncertain2.4Test第1题Darcy'slawisapplicabletolaminarflow（

）2.5.1Test第1题Forcoarse-grainedsoilwithstrongwaterpermeability,theconstantwaterheadmethodisusuallyusedtodeterminethecoefficientofpermeability.2.5.2Test第1题Whenparallelseepageoccursinthelayeredsoil,thetotalseepageflowthroughtheentiresoillayerperunittimeshouldbe()oftheseepageflowsofeachsoillayer.Adifference

Bequal

CsumDuncertain2.6Test第1题Whenthewaterflowdirectionis(),itwillcausethephenomenonofquicksand.AfromtoptobottomBfrombottomtotopCfromlefttorightDfromrighttoleft2.7Test第1题Whichofthefollowingmethodscanreducethehydraulicgradient（

）Aincreasinghead

differenceBreducingtheseepagepathCreducinghead

differenceDincreasing

strength2.8.1Test第1题Theexpressionoftheeffectivestressprincipleis（

）Athe

effectivestressisequaltothesumoftotalstressandporewaterpressureBtheeffectivestressisequaltothedifferencebetweentotalstressandporewaterpressureCtheeffectivestressisequaltotheproductoftotalstressandporewaterpressureDtheeffectivestressisequaltotheratiooftotalstresstoporewaterpressure2.8.2Test第1题Whenseepagefromtoptobottomoccursinthesoil,theeffectivestressbetweenparticles（

）AincreaseBdecreaseCnotchangeDuncertain2.9Test第1题Darcy'slawappliedtotheseepageoflaminarflowinsoil.Exercises第1题Darcy’slawshowsthatthedischargevelocitybearsalinearrelationwith（

）forsand.AtheseepagetimeBthecross-sectionalareaofseepageCthehydraulicgradient

Dtheseepagedistance第2题Accordingtogeologicalexploration,saturatedunitweightofacertainsoillayeris20KN/m3.Itscriticalhydraulicgradientis（

）A1.0B0.63C0.51D0.70第3题Duetotheexistenceofcapillarycohesion,somesandsculpturescanbebuiltintheseasidearea.第4题Thecoefficientofpermeabilityofdifferentsoillayersinthelayeredsoilareequal.第5题Thedirectionofseepageisco-directionwiththeseepageforce.

第6题Cohesiveandnon-cohesivesoilsshowthesameseepagebehaviors.3.1Test第1题Theaccidentcausedbytheinstabilityanddestructionofthesoilis（

）Amallfire

BfoundationpitcollapseCfallfromheightDbridgebreak3.2Test第1题Whichofthefollowingcausesnewcompressiondeformationofthefoundationsoil（

）Aadditionalstress

BverticalgeostaticstressCverticalgeostaticstressandadditionalstressDuncertain3.3Test第1题Calculatingtheeffectivegeostaticstressofthesoil,(

)shouldbeusedforthepermeablesoilbelowthegroundwaterlevel.AsaturatedunitweightBbuoyantunitweightCunitweight

Dcoefficientofstaticearthpressure3.4Test第1题Whenthetotalstressremainsunchanged,theporewaterpressureandeffectivestresscanbeconvertedintoeachother.3.5.1Test第1题Forflexiblefoundation,thedistributionofcontactpressureissimilartotheloaddistributionappliedtothebottomoffoundationbase.3.5.2Test第1题Theaverageunitweightofthebackfillbelowthegroundandabovefoundationanditsstepsisusuallytakenas（

）A10kN/m^3B15kN/m^3C20kN/m^3D25kN/m^33.5.3Test第1题Whenthefoundationhasaburieddepth,theadditionalpressurep0ofthebaseis（

）Ap0=p

Bp0=p-γd

Cp0=p+γd

Dp0=γd

3.6.1Test第1题Whencalculatingtheadditionalstressingroundbase,J.Boussinesqassumesthatthegroundsoilisasemi-infinitespaceelasticbody.3.6.2Test第1题Whenusingthecornermethod,thereisnoneedtoturnthenon-cornerpointsintothecornersofseveralrectangles.3.6.3Test第1题Thetrapezoidaldistributedloadappliedonarectangularbasecanbedecomposedintoasuperpositionofanuniformdistributedloadandatriangulardistributedload.3.7.1Test第1题Whenthestripfoundationissubjectedtoaverticaluniformload,calculationoftheadditionalstressinthegroundsoilcanberegardedasaplaneproblem.3.7.2Test第1题Whenthestripfoundationbaseissubjectedtoaneccentricloadinthewidthdirection,thedistributionofthecontactpressureisrectangular.3.8Test第1题TheapplicableconditionofeffectivestressprincipleofTerzaghiis（

）Aunsaturatedsoil

BrockCsaturatedsoil

DmetalExercises第1题Thegroundwaterlevelofafoundationis2.0mbelowtheground.Whenthegroundwaterleveldropsto5.0m,theverticalgeostaticstressofthesoilat3.0mbelowthegroundwilldecrease.第2题Theeffectivestressprincipleshowsthatthetotalstressisequaltothesumoftheeffectivestressandtheporewaterpressure.第3题Thestressstateofthegroundsoilunderthestripfoundationcanbesimplifiedas()foranalysis.Aone-dimensionalstressBplanestrainCplanestressDthree-dimensionalstress第4题Whencalculatinggeostaticstressofthesoillayer,()shouldbeusedforpermeablesoil

(i.e.,sandandclay)belowthegroundwaterlevel.AnaturalunitweightBsaturatedunitweightCbuoyantunitweightDdryunitweight第5题Inalayeredsoilfoundation,theself-weightstressfollowsastep-wisedistributionwithdepth.

第6题Additionalstressesinsoilarecausedbyadditionalloading,includinggroundwatermovement.4.1Test第1题Thelowerthecompressibilityofthesoil,thegreaterthesettlementofthesoilunderthesameconditions（）4.2.1Test第1题Whichofthefollowingcompressionsinthesoilunderloadingcannotbeignored（）AsoilparticlesBinterparticlepore

CsealinggasDwaterinthesoil4.2.2Test第1题Theoedometertestcanonlyproducelateraldeformationduringcompression（）4.2.3Test第1题

Thesteepertheslopeofthecompressioncurve,thelowerthecompressibilityofthesoil（）4.3Test第1题Thetypesofloadtestsincludein-situshallowanddeepplateloadtests（）4.4.1Test第1题Naturalgroundaregenerallylayereddistributedandknownaslayeredsoil（）4.4.2Test第1题Thewidthofthebaseofthefoundationis4m.Whenapplyinglayer-wisesummationmethod,thethicknessofeachlayercanbedividedinto（）A3.2mB2.4mC1.6mD2.8m4.5.1Test第1题Whatchangeshaveoccurredinthevoidratioofthesoilintheprocessfromloadingcompressiontounloadingrebound（）AIncreasefirstandthendecrease

BDecreasefirstandthenincreaseCRemainingthesame

DUncertain4.5.2Test第1题Fornormallyconsolidatedsoil,themaximumconsolidationpressureexperiencedbythesoillayerinhistoryisequaltotheself-weightstressoftheexistingoverburden（）4.6.1Test第1题Thedrainagetimeofporewaterinsaturatedsoilisrelatedtothedrainagedistanceofsoillayer（）4.6.2Test第1题Terzaghi’stheoryofonedimensionalconsolidationassumesthatthepermeabilitycoefficientofthecompressedsoillayerisconstant（）4.7Test第1题Ingeneral,whichisthelargerbetweendeformationmodulusofsoilandconfinedcompressionmodulusofsoil（）AdeformationmodulusBconfinedcompressionmodulusCRemainingthesameDuncertainExercises第1题Itisgenerallyassumedthatthecompressiondeformationafterloadingofthesoilisrelatedtothedischargeofwaterandgasinthesoilfromtheporesandthecontinuedshrinkageofthepores.第2题Whenthesoiliscompressedanddeformedafterloadingandthenunloadedandrebounded,someofthedeformationthatcannotberecoverediscalledelasticdeformation.第3题Thethreestagesoftheload-settlementcurveintheloadtestinclude()AlineardeformationstageBlocaldeformationstageCtotaldestructionstageDunconfirmed正确答案：CBA第4题Histhemaximumdrainagedistance.Whenthesoillayerisdrainedononeside,Histhethicknessofthesoillayer.Whenthesoillayerisdrainedonbothsides,His（

）ofthethicknessofthesoillayer.A1timesB0.5timesC1.5timesD2times第5题Thedefinitionsofcompressionmodulusanddeformationmodulusarethesame.第6题Foracertainsoillayer,ifthepre-consolidationstressis300kPa,andthecurrentconsolidationstressis200kPa,thentheconsolidationstateisnormallyconsolidated.5.1Test第1题

Indesignofgroundandfoundation,thegrounddeformationandstrengthconditionsshouldbemetinordertoensurethesafetyoftheupperbuilding（

）5.2Test第1题Theshearstrengthofsoilreferstotheultimateabilityofsoiltoresistshearfailure（

）5.3.1Test第1题Thestrain-controlledloadingmethodofdirectsheartestrefersto（

）AapplyinghorizontalshearstressinstagesBapplyinghorizontalshearstressatconstantstrainrate

CapplyinghorizontalshearstressinstantaneouslyDuncertain5.3.2Test第1题Inthetriaxialsheartest,thesoilsampleissubjectedtobothverticalandlateralpressure（

）5.3.3Test第1题Theunconsolidatedundrainedtriaxialsheartestisequivalenttothe(

)testinthedirectsheartest.Aslowshear

BconsolidationquickshearCquickshear

Dconsolidationslowshear5.4.1Test第1题Theinterceptofenvelopeofshearstrengthandtheordinateis（

）AinternalfrictionangleBcohesiveforceCangleoffailuresurface

Duncertain5.4.2Test第1题TheanglebetweenthemaximumshearstresssurfaceoftheMohrcircleandthemajorprincipalstresssurfaceis（

）A45°-φ/2B45°+φ/2C45°D60°5.4.3Test第1题WhentheMohrstresscircleisbelowtheenvelopeofshearstrength,itmeansthattheshearstressofthesoilelementonanyplaneislessthantheshearstrengthofthesoil（

）5.5.1Test第1题Accordingtodifferentconditionsoftriaxialsheartestofthesoil,thestrengthindexoftotalstressandeffectivestresscanbemeasured（

）5.5.2Test第1题Sincethedrainagevalveisalwaysclosedduringtheconsolidatedundrainedtriaxialsheartest,noporewaterpressurewillbegeneratedinthesample（

）5.6Test第1题Comparedwithcohesivesoil,thedifferenceoftheCoulomb'slawexpressionofsandsoilis（

）AtheexistenceofinternalfrictionangleB

theexistenceofcohesion

C

nocohesion

D

uncertainExercises第1题Thelimitequilibriumconditionofthesoilistherelationshipofthesoilbetweentheprincipalstressinthesoilandtheshearstrengthparameterofthesoilunderthelimitequilibriumstate.第2题Theadvantageofthetriaxialsheartestisthatitcancontrolthedrainageconditionsanddeterminethechangeofporewaterpressureofthesoilsampleduringtheshearprocess.

第3题Forcohesivesoil,thetotalstressexpressionofCoulomb'slawis（

）ABCD第4题Whichofthefollowingisthemainadvantageofthetriaxialcompressiontest（

）ASimpletestoperationBCancarryoutunconsolidatedundrainedsheartest(UUtest)CSimpleequipmentDDrainageconditionscanbecontrolled第5题Indirectsheartests,shearfailureoccursalongtheweakestplaneofthesoilsample.第6题Ineffectivestressandtotalstressapproaches,theshearstrengthparametersremainconstant.6.1Test第1题Thefailuremodesoffoundationincludegeneralshearfailure,localshearfailureandpunchingshearfailure（

）6.2.1Test第1题Foundationdeformationmainlyreferstotheverticaldeformation(thesettlementofthefoundation)andthelateraldeformationofthefoundationcausedbyverticaldeformation.（

）6.2.2Test第1题Whichfailureformofthefoundationhasacontinuousslidingsurface（

）AGeneralshearfailure

BLocalshearfailureCPunchingshearfailureDUncertain6.3.1Test第1题Criticaledgeloadreferstotheloadcorrespondingtotheendoftheelasticstageofthepressure-settlementcurve(p-scurve)（

）6.3.2Test第1题Whentheallowablemaximumdepthofplasticzoneiscontrolledwithinacertainrangeofthebasewidth,thecorrespondingloadiscalledthedepthloadinlimitedplasticzone（

）6.4Test第1题Inthepressure-settlementcurve(p-scurve),theloadcorrespondingtothebeginningofthesteepdescentiscalled（

）Acriticaledgeload

BdepthloadinlimitedplasticzoneCultimateloadDuncertain6.5Test第1题AccordingtothePrandtl’sfoundationslidingmodel,theinfluencewidthandthemaximuminfluencedepthduetofoundationslidecanbedetermined.（

）6.6Test第1题ThedifferencebetweentheTerzaghi’sfoundationslidingmodelandthePrandtl’sfoundationslidingmodelis（

）AcenterloadBgeneralshearfailure

CthefrictionofthebottomsurfaceofthegroundDnodifference6.7Test第1题Whenusingthenormativemethodtodeterminetheformulaforcalculatingbearingcapacityofground,fais（

）AcharacteristicvalueofbearingcapacityofgroundBmodifiedcharacteristicvalueofbearingcapacityofgroundCcorrectioncoefficientofbearingcapacityofground

Duncertain6.8Test第1题In-situtestmethodsinclude（

）A

indoorcompactiontest

Bdirectsheartest

CfieldloadtestDindoortriaxialtest6.9Test第1题Whenfoundationdeformationisallowedandthegroundisstable,thecapacitytowithstandtheloadperunitareaiscalledthebearingcapacityofground.（

）Exercises第1题BasedonthecalculationformulaoflimitloadderivedbyPrandtl’stheory,weneedtoconsidertheinfluenceoffactorssuchastheshape

offoundation,eccentricload,thedepthoffoundation,etc.accordingtotheactualsituation.（

）第2题Thestudyofthebearingcapacityofgroundisforreasonablefoundationdesign.（）第3题ThemostimportantdifferencebetweentheultimatebearingcapacitymodelofgroundofTerzaghiandthatofPrandtlisthat（）AthesoilofgroundisheterogeneousBthefrictionofthebottomsurfaceofthegroundisconsideredCtheeffectofloadeccentricityisconsideredDlocalshearfailureoffoundationisassumed第4题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefieldloadtestiswrong（）AComparedwiththelaboratorytest,theerrorcausedbythedisturbanceofthesampleisreducedBDeterminingmodulusofcompressibilityCDeterminingmodulusofdeformationDWhenexcavatingthetestpit,theelevationofthebottomofthepitisequaltothatofthefoundation第5题Duringglobalshearfailureofasoilfoundation,acontinuousslidingplaneisnotformed.第6题Plante'stheoryoftheultimatebearingcapacityoffoundationsconsidersthefrictionatthebasebutneglectstheself-weightofthefoundationsoil.7.1Test第1题Itisanessentialworkinengineeringconstructiontodesignreasonableslopesectionandcarryontheanalysisandcalculationofslopestability.（

）7.2.1Test第1题Whichofthefollowingbelongstoanaturalslope（

）AThefoundationpitofconstructionengineeringBTheembankmentofhighwayCNaturalhillside

DTunnelsupportsystem

7.2.2Test第1题Whichofthefollowingfactorscancauseinstabilityoftheslope（

）AReducingtheslopeangle

BCuttingthebottomoftheslope

CImprovingthesoilshearstrength

DReducingtheheightoftheslope7.3.1Test第1题Theslidingsurfaceofsandysoilcanbeapproximatedas（

）AarcsurfaceBplaneCcurvedsurfaceDuncertain7.3.2Test第1题Theeffectofseepagealongtheslopeonthestabilityofcohesionlesssoilslopeis（

）AnoeffectBfavorableCadverseDuncertain7.4.1Test第1题Whenthecohesivesoilslopefails,theslidingsurfaceoffailurecanbeapproximatedasarcsurface.（

）7.4.2Test第1题Forahomogeneoussimplesoilslopewithrelativelysmallheight,theslopestabilityanalysiscanbecarriedoutbystabilitynumbermethod（

）7.5.1Test第1题Intheslopestabilityanalysis,whichofthefollowingsoilslopeissuitableforslicesmethod（

）AsandBcobble

CclayDgravel7.5.2Test第1题TheSwedishmethodofslicesassumesthattheslidingsoilbodyisanon-deformablerigidbodyanditslidesalongthecylindricalsurfaceasawhole（

）7.6Test第1题ThedifferencebetweentheBishopmethodandtheSwedishmethodofslicesisthattheBishopmethodtakesintoaccounttheforcesonbothsidesofthesoilstrip（

）7.7Test第1题Theinfluencingfactorsofsoilslopeinstabilityinclude（

）Arainwaterinfiltration

Bunloadinginthetopofslope

Cretainingstructure

DsupportingsystemExercises第1题Forthestabilityanalysisofcohesivesoilslopes,itisoftentheoreticallyassumedthattheslidingsurfaceoftheslopeisapproximatelyacylindricalsurfaceandtheslidingsoilbodyisregardedasarigidbodytosimplifythecalculation.

（）第2题Whenseepageoccursalongtheslope,thestabilitysafetyfactorofthecohesionlesssoilslopeisalmostnotreduced（）第3题Thereisacohesionlessdrysoilslopewithaslopeangleof26°.Accordingtofieldinvestigation,theinternalfrictionangleofthesoilis31°,thenthestabilitysafetyfactorofthesoilslopeis（）A1.23B0.81C1.19D0.84第4题IntheBishopmethodofarcslidesurface,if()isequalto0,itisthesimplifiedBishopmethod.AporewaterpressureBthedifferenceoftangentialforceonbothsidesofsoilstripCthedifferenceofnormalforcesonbothsidesofthesoilstripDfrictionontheslidesurface第5题Thestabilitysafetyfactorofaslopeisusuallydefinedbytheratioofslidingforcetoresistingforcealongtheslidingsurface.第6题Theslicemethodinvolvesdividingthesoilmassabovetheslidingsurfaceintoseveralverticalslicestoanalyzetheforcesoneachslice,thendeterminingstabilitysafetyfactorsthroughforceandmomentequilibriumconditions.

8.1Test第1题Retainingwallsarewidelyusedincivilconstruction,roadtraffic,bridgeandtunnelandotherengineeringconstructions（

）8.2Test第1题Retainingwallisastructureusedtosupportnaturalorartificialslopestokeepthesoilstable（

）8.3Test第1题Normally,thelateralpressureofthesoilonthebackoftheretainingwalliscalled（

）AgeostaticstressBearthpressureCadditionalpressureDverticalpressure8.4Test第1题Whenthewallhasnodisplacementoronlyasmalldeformation,theearthpressureactingontheretainingwallisearthpressureatrest.（

）8.5.1Test第1题ThebasicassumptionofRankine'searthpressuretheoryisthat()Athebackoftheretainingwallissmo