雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《The Prevention and Management of COVID-19（广州医科）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Whichofthefollowingdescriptionofrespiratoryvirusesisincorrect?下列关于呼吸道病毒的描述错误的是?ATypesofrespiratoryvirusescanbeclassifiedbasedonsusceptibletopeoplewithnormalimmunityorimmunodeficiency.呼吸道病毒的核酸分类可分为免疫正常人群易感病毒、免疫缺陷人群易感病毒。BRespiratoryvirusessusceptibletopeoplewithnormalimmunecanbedividedintoorthomyxoviridae,paramyxoviridae,otherfamiliesofviruses.免疫正常人群易感病毒可分为正粘病毒科、副粘病毒科、其他病毒科。CEpstein-Barrvirus(EBV)issusceptibletopeoplewithimmunodeficiency.EB病毒为免疫缺陷人群易感病毒。DCoronavirusisavirussusceptibletopeoplewithimmunodeficiency.冠状病毒为免疫缺陷人群易感病毒。EInfluenzavirusesaresusceptibletopeoplewithnormalimmunity.流感病毒为免疫正常人群易感病毒。第2题WhichofthefollowingdisinfectantscaneffectivelyinactivateSARS-CoV-2?以下哪种消毒液可以有效灭活新型冠状病毒?AEther乙醚B75%ethanol75%乙醇CChlorine-containingdisinfectants含氯消毒剂DPeraceticacid过氧乙酸EChloroform氯仿正确答案：ABCDE第3题WhichofthefollowingshouldbetransmissionpathwaysofSARS-CoV-2?新型冠状病毒的可能传播途径是？ADroplettransmission飞沫传播BDirectcontacttransmission接触传播CAerosoltransmission气溶胶传播DFecal-oraltransmission粪口传播EMother-to-childtransmission母婴传播正确答案：ABCDE第4题WhichofthefollowingareclinicalfeaturesofCOVID-19？新冠肺炎的临床特点？AThemainclinicalmanifestationsarefever,fatigueanddrycough.主要表现为发热，乏力，干咳BAfewpatientshavenasalcongestion,runnynose,sorethroat,myalgiaanddiarrhea.少数患者伴有鼻塞、流涕、咽痛、肌痛和腹泻CSeverepatientshavedyspneaand/orhypoxemia.重症患者出现呼吸困难和/或低氧血症DInseverecases,thediseaserapidlyprogressestoARDS,septicshock,etc.严重者快速进展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征、脓毒症休克等EMostpatientshavegoodprognosis,afewpatientsareincriticalcondition.多数患者预后良好，少数患者病情危重正确答案：ABCDE第1题AccordingtotheincubationperiodofSARS-CoV-2andthecurrentpreventionandcontrolpractice,whichofthefollowingdayshadbeensetasthemedicalobservationperiodofclosecontactswhowillbemedicallymonitoredduringthisperiod.根据新型冠状病毒所致的潜伏期等相关信息和当前防控实际，将密切接触者医学观察期定为____天，并对密切接触者进行医学观察。A10B11C12D13E14正确答案：E第2题HRCT(HighResolutionCT)isthemainscreeninganddiagnosismethodforCOVID-19atpresent,volumetricCTasscanningwith16-slice(orabove)ispreferred.HRCT(HighResolutionCT)为当前新冠病毒肺炎筛查与诊断的主要手段，首选容积CT扫描，16层CT以上机型第3题WhichofthefollowingarecommonearlyCTfindingsofCOVID-19?新型冠状病毒肺炎的常见早期CT表现是？AMainlysingleormultiplelesionsoflungwithground-glassopacity(GGO),reticularairbronchogramsigncanbeobserved.单发或双肺多发，斑片状或节段性磨玻璃密度影为主，其内纹理可呈网格状，空气支气管征BMainlydistributedalongthebronchialbundleorsubpleuraatthebottomoflung.沿支气管束或背侧、肺底胸膜下分布为主CWithorwithoutintralobularseptalthickening,orafewwithinterlobularpleurathickening.合并或不合并小叶间隔增厚，少数叶间胸膜增厚DVeryfewwithasmallamountofpleuraleffusionorlymphnodeenlargement.极少数伴胸腔少量积液或淋巴结肿大EAfewpatientshavenoabnormalfindingsonCTscanintheearlystageofonset.少数患者起病早期CT无异常发现正确答案：EDCBA第4题WhichofthefollowingconditioncanbedefinedascriticalcaseofCOVID-19?符合哪个条件者，可定义为新型冠状病毒肺炎危重症病例？AWithrespiratoryfailureandrequiringformechanicalventilation呼吸衰竭，且需机械通气BWithshock出现休克CCompaniedwithMODSandneedtobemonitoredandtreatedinICU.合并其他器官功能衰竭需ICU监护治疗DAnyoftheabove.符合以上情况任意之一第5题TheoxygenationindexinmildARDSis___?轻度ARDS时氧合指数为___?A200mmHg<PaO2/FIO2≤300mmHgB100mmHg<PaO2/FIO2≤200mmHgCPaO2/FIO2≤100mmHgDPaO2/FIO2＞300mmHgExercise2第1题MultipleconfirmedcasesofCOVID-19canbeadmittedtothesameward.新冠肺炎确诊病例可多人收治在同一病房。第2题SuspectedcasesofCOVID-19canbequarantinedandtreatedinnon-designatedhospitals.新冠肺炎疑似病例可在非定点医院隔离治疗。第3题MultiplesuspectedcasesofCOVID-19canbeadmittedtothesameward.新冠肺炎疑似病例可多人收治在同一病房。第4题WhichofthefollowingantiviraldrugscanbegivenforCOVID-19?新型冠状病毒肺炎下，可选用哪种抗病治毒疗药物？AAlpha-interferonnebulizedinhalationα-干扰素雾化吸入

BLopinavir/Ritonavir洛匹那韦/利托那韦

CRibavirin利巴韦林DChloroquinephosphate磷酸氯喹EAbidor阿比多尔正确答案：EDCBA第5题WhichofthefollowingaregeneraltreatmentplansofCOVID-19?新型冠状病毒肺炎的一般治疗方法为_____?ARestinbed,monitoringvitalsignsandapplyingsupportivetreatment.卧床休息，监测生命体征加强支持治疗BEnsuringenoughcaloriesintake,keepingfluidandelectrolytebalance,andmaintaininghomeostasis.保证充分热量，注意水、电解质平衡，维持内环境稳定CMonitoringbloodroutine,urineroutine,CRP,liverenzymes,myocardialenzymes,renalfunction,coagulationfunction,arterialbloodgasanalysis,lungimagingetc.监测血常规、尿常规、CRP、肝酶、心肌酶、肾功能、凝血功能、动脉血气分析、肺部影像学等DPerformingthecytokinetestsifitisadvanced.有条件者可行细胞因子检查EPromptlygivingtheeffectiveoxygentherapyincludingoxygenthroughnasalcatheter,facemaskandhigh-flownasalcannula.及时给予有效氧疗措施，包括鼻导管、面罩和经鼻高流量氧疗正确答案：EDCBA第6题Whichofthefollowingsituationweshouldconsiderantibacterialdrugsempirically?出现下述情况需经验性使用下列哪种抗菌药物?AIncreasedsputum,especiallyyellowishpurulentsputum咳痰增多,尤其是出现黄脓痰BIncreasedtemperaturewhichcan'tbeexplainedbytheprogressionoforiginaldisease.体温升高，且不能用原发疾病加重解释CSignificantlyincreasedleukocytesandneutrophils.白细胞、中性粒细胞显著升高DPCT≥0.5ng/mlEUnexplainedworseningofoxygenationindexoracirculatorydisorderduetoviralinfection病毒感染无法解释的氧合恶化或循环障碍FOtherdiseaseprogressionsuggestingbacterialinfection其他提示细菌感染的病情改变正确答案：FEDCBA第7题Inseverecases,whichofthefollowingindicatorsshouldbealertthattheconditionhasdeteriorated?重症病例下，以下哪些指标变化应警惕病情恶化？AGraduallydecreasedtheperipherallymphocytecount外周血淋巴细胞计数进行性↓BSignificantlydecreasedBlymphocytes淋巴细胞明显↓CContinuouslydecreasedCD4andCD8CD4及CD8不断↓DProgressivelydecreasedindicatoroftissueoxygenationlacticacid组织氧合指标乳酸进行性↓ERapidlyenlargedlesionsonHRCT高分辨CT显示病变范围快速扩大正确答案：CBAE第8题Thecriteriaforthepatientbereleasedfromquarantineandbedischargedare___?解除隔离和出院的标准是___?AAfebrileformorethan3days.体温恢复正常3天以上BSignificantlyrelievedrespiratorysymptoms.呼吸道症状明显好转CPulmonaryimagingshowsobviousabsorptionofinflammatoryexudate.肺部影像学显示炎症明显吸收DTwoconsecutiverespiratoryviralnucleicacidtests(NAT)arenegative连续2次呼吸道病原核酸检测阴性正确答案：DCBAExercise1第1题Asymptomaticinfectedpatientsmaybethesourceoftransmission.无症状感染者有可能成为传染源第2题Whichofthefollowingdiseasesarecausedbycoronavirus?以下是冠状病毒引起的疾病？ASARSBMERSCCOVID-19DTbEHBV正确答案：ABC第3题Droplettransmissionissameasaerosoltransmission.飞沫传播可与气溶胶传播等同。第4题WhichlevelofprotectionshouldbeexecutedwhenperformingtrachealintubationtoconfirmedpatientsofCOVID-19?为新型冠状病毒确诊患者行气管插管，应行___防护。AGeneralprotection一般防护BFirst-levelprotection一级防护CSecond-levelprotection二级防护DThird-levelprotection三级防护ENoneoftheabove以上都不是第5题Whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrectabouttheuseandreplacementoffacemasks?有关口罩的使用和更换，以下说法正确的是？AMedicalstandardprotectivemaskshaveashelflife;maskshouldbepersonalandcannotbecross-used.医用标准的防护口罩均有使用期限，口罩专人专用，不能交叉使用。BHigh-riskpersonnelneedtoreplacePPEforre-enterhigh-riskareasafterremovingthepreviousone.高风险人员脱下防护装置外，重新进入需更换。CMaskscontaminatedbypatients’blood,respiratorytract/nasalsecretions,orotherbodyfluidsshouldbereplacedimmediately.口罩被患者血液、呼吸道/鼻腔分泌物，以及其他体液污染要立即更换。DRelativelyhigh-riskpersonnelneedtoreplace(themask)afterreceivingahighlysuspiciouspatient.较高风险人员在接诊高度疑似患者后需更换。EWhenmasksbecomedirty,deformed,damagedorstinky,needtobereplacedintime.口罩脏污、变形、损坏、有异味时需及时更换。正确答案：ABCDE第6题Inregulationsofhandhygieneformedicalstaff,"twobeforeandthreeafter"areindicationstowashhands."Twofrontandthreeback"refersto____?医务人员手卫生规范中，“二前三后”需洗手。“二前三后”指的是____?ABeforetouchingapatient接触患者前BBeforeperforminganaseptictask,includinginvasiveprocedure清洁、无菌操作前，包括进行侵入性操作前CAftertouchingapatient接触患者后DAftertouchingthepatient’simmediatemedicaldevices,appliances,etc.接触患者周围的医疗相关器械、用具等物体表面后EAftercontactingwiththepatient’smucosa,injuredskinorwound,blood,bodyfluids,secretions,defecations,wounddressings,etc.接触患者黏膜、破损皮肤或伤口、血液、体液、分泌物、排泄物、伤口敷料等之后正确答案：AEBDCExercise1第1题Whichofthefollowingareclinicaltreatmentperioddividedinto?临床治疗期分为____?AMildtype轻型BModeratetype普通型CSeveretype重型DCriticaltype危重型ERecoveryperiod恢复期正确答案：ABCDE第2题Whichofthefollowingprescriptionsshouldbechosenduringtherecoveryperiod?恢复期治疗方案可选用___?AShenfuDecoction参附汤BAngongNiuhuangPills安宫牛黄丸CLiujunziDecoction六君子汤DSuhexiangPilsl苏合香丸EZhuyeShigaoDecoction竹叶石膏汤正确答案：CE第3题WhicharetheprinciplesofapplyingtraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)prescriptionsforpreventionofCOVID-19?中药预防方配方原则是___?ASyndromedifferentiationandtreatmentofTCM中医辨证论治BTargetthecommonsymptomsoftheepidemicandcombinewiththeconstitutionofsusceptiblepeople疫情常见证候，结合易感人群体质CUsetheprescriptionwhichcanbeusedasbothfoodandmedicine.以药食同源中药为主DStreamlinedprescription,lightdosageandgoodtaste.药味精简、药量宜轻、口感较好正确答案：ABCD第4题WhichistheeffectofTraditionalChineseMedicine?中药的作用有___?AImmunomodulatory调节人体免疫力BAnti-inflammation抗炎CAntimicrobialeffect抗病原生物

DAntipyretic,TCMwithsymptomsreliefeffect退热、缓解症状EAlloftheabove以上均是正确答案：E第5题WhichofthefollowingmeasurescanbetakentopreventthepandemicbyTCM?传染病的中医药预防可采取哪些措施？AMoxibustion艾灸BAcupressure穴位按压CPracticeexerciseathome,suchasBaduanjinQigong,Taichi,etc.居家锻炼，如八段锦、太极拳等DAsachetwithfunctionofdispellingfilth.辟秽香囊EFumigation熏蒸法正确答案：ABCDE第6题Whichofthefollowingprinciplesofmaintaining"ifthebodyisfullofhealthQi,itcannotbeinvaded"inTCM？中医认为保持“正气存内，邪不可干”的原则是___?AKeepingessenceandspiritinside精神内守BHavingaroutinelydailylife起居有常CModeratingineatinganddrinking饮食有节DKeepingregularinworkingandrest不妄作劳EAlloftheabove以上均是正确答案：EExercise1第1题Theroleofhumanisticcareliesin___?人文关怀的作用在于____?ARespectingpeople'ssubjectivestatusandpersonalitydifferences尊重人的主体地位和个性差异BRespectingpeople'srationalthinking尊重人的理性思考CCaringforpeople’svariousanddiverseindividualneeds关心人丰富多样的个体需求DCaringforpeople'smentalstatus关怀人的精神生活EStimulatingpeople'sinitiative,positivity