黑龙江省哈尔滨市省实验中学2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题含解析

黑龙江省实验中学2025-2026学年度高二学年上学期期中考试英语学科试题考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhenwillthemanmeetLisa?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.2.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Toplaceanorder.B.Tocomplainabouttheprice.C.Tocorrecttheproductdetails.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atahotel.C.Atarestaurant.4.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Nervous.B.Annoyed.C.Sad.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theopeninghoursofananimalshelter.B.Anopportunitytodovoluntarywork.C.Apart-timejobattheweekends.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatproblemdothespeakersface?A.Thecoffeetastesbad.B.Thecafeteriaistoofaraway.C.Thecoffeemachineisbroken.7.Whatwillthemandowiththeproblem?A.Callarepairman.B.Buyanewmachine.C.Changethecoffeebean.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WheredidShirleygetthetipsonavoidingbearattacks?A.Fromabook.B.FromaTVshow.C.Fromanonlinevideo.9.WhatdoesShirleylearntodowhenfacingabear?A.Climbupatalltree.B.Movebackwardslowly.C.Avoideyecontact.10.WhatdoweknowaboutShirley?A.Shelooksforwardtothehiking.B.Shefeelsunsafeinthesuburbs.C.Shemastersself-defenseskills.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatkindoftasksdoesStevethinkAIisgoodat?A.Creative.B.Complex.C.Routine.12.HowcanAIhelpdoctorsaccordingtoSteve?A.Increaseworkefficiency.B.Developtheirskills.C.Providetreatmentplans.13.WhatdoesStevemeanintheend?A.AIwillreplacemanyhumanjobs.B.HumansandAIshouldworktogether.C.AIdevelopmentshouldbeconsidered.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatwasthemaindifficultyduringDavid’sArcticproject?A.Equipmentfailures.B.Uncooperativeanimals.C.Windyandrainyconditions.15.WhatareDavid’sbookprofitsusedfor?A.Buyingphotographyequipment.B.Supportingwildlifeeducation.CProtectinganimals.16.WhathelpedDavidswitchtowildlifephotography?A.Hisjournalismdegree.B.Histeachingexperience.C.Hischildhoodlovefornature.17.WhatdidDavidthinkofteachingatthecamp?A.Simple.B.Rewarding.C.Troublesome.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowlongdidSuziespendclimbingtotheMt.QomolangmaBaseCampintotal?A.25hours.B.48hours.C.73hours.19.WhatdidSuziedoduringtheclimb?A.Sheadvancedwithundividedattention.B.Shetookpicturesofthescenery.C.Sheguidedherselftothecamp.20.Whydidn’tSuzieclimbtothepeak?A.Shewasafraidoftheheight.B.Shedidn’tbringenoughfood.C.Shelistenedtoherfamily’sadvice.第二部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAI&Theatre:ADiscussionattheLibraryforthePerformingArtsWiththedevelopmentoftechnology,thereisawideuseofAlinmanyaspectsofourlives.TheLibraryforthePerformingArtsinvitesyoutoanafternoondiscussionnextThursday.Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(贬低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.SeatingPolicyProgramsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.Ifyouarriveaftertheprogramstarts,yourseatwillbearrangedataspecialplacebyourstaff.Foodordrinkisnotallowedinside.StandbyLineIfregistrationhasended,donotworry!Wewelcomeyoutothelibraryregardlessofregistrationstatusandyoucanwaitinourstandbyline.Fiveminutesbeforetheprogramstarts,allremainingseatsarereleasedtoattendeesinthestandbyline.Whilethisisnotguaranteed,wewilldoourbesttogetyouintoanyofourprograms.AssistiveListeningandInterpretationInterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(说明文字)areavailableonrequest.Pleasesubmityourrequestatleasttwoweeksinadvancebyemailingusataccessibility@.AudioandVideoRecordingProgramsmaybephotographedandrecordedbytheLibraryforthePerformingArts.Ifyouwouldpreferyourimagenottobephotographed,pleaseletusknowandwecanseatyouaccordingly.Pleasenotethatallrecordings,includingprofessionalvideorecordings,arenotallowedduringthediscussion.1.What’sthepurposeofthediscussion?A.TopromotetheapplicationofAI. B.ToshowthedisadvantagesofAI.C.ToexploretheinfluenceofAIontheater. D.Toappreciatethedevelopmentoftechnology.2.Howcanyouensureaseatatthediscussion?A.Payaregistrationfee. B.Signupforitaheadoftime.C.Waitinthestandbylineearlier. D.Contactthelibrarystaffadayahead.3.Whatcanpeopledoiftheyattendthediscussion?A.Holdaseatforafriend. B.Askforthereal-timecaption.C.Broadcastthediscussionlive. D.Takephotosduringthediscussion.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了TheLibraryforthePerfommingArts讨论活动的相关注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inthediscussion,thehopeisneithertopromotenortodenigrate(贬低)AI—instead,lectureswillallowlistenerstohaveanopendiscussionaboutthepotentialimpactsofAIontheatreatacrucialstageinitstechnologicaladvancement.(在讨论中，我们希望既不推崇也不诋毁人工智能，相反，讲座将允许听众就人工智能在技术进步的关键阶段对戏剧的潜在影响进行公开讨论。)”可知，该活动聚焦AI对戏剧演出的影响。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SeatingPolicy的内容“Programsarefreeandopentoall,butregistrationisrequestedaweekearlier.Registeredguestsaregivenpriorityandallowedtocheckin15to30minutesbeforethestarttimeandholdingseatsforanyoneisprohibited.(课程是免费的，对所有人开放，但要求提前一周注册。已登记的客人享有优先权，可以在开始时间前15到30分钟办理登机手续，禁止为任何人占座。)”可知，提前一周登记参会可以得到被分配好的座位。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据AssistiveListeningandInterpretation的内容“InterpretationinEnglishandthereal-timecaption(说明文字)areavailableonrequest.(可应要求提供英语翻译和实时字幕。)”可知，参会者可以申请实时字幕。故选B。BIwastalkingtoafriendaboutplansforherpreschoolerCathy.TheirhomelanguageisEnglish,butmyfriend’sfatherisFrench,andIwonderedifshewouldletCathyattendthelocalFrenchimmersion(沉浸式)kindergarten.Shesurprisedmebysayingthatherdadadvisedagainstdoingthat,saying,“Youhaveaverybrightlittlegirlwho’scuriousabouteverything.Frenchisonlyonesubject.Youdon’tneedtomakeitthecenterofhereducationfortheimportantearlyyearsofschool.”Yes,therearemanybenefitsofspeakingmorethanonelanguage,butthatdoesn’tmeanit’salwaysagoodideatomakeyourkindergartenerreceiveanimmersionprogram.Ifyoulookup“secondlanguagelearning”,you’llseemuchabouttheadvantagesofbeingbilingual(双语的)，mostlywrittentoadvertiselanguageschoolsandmaps.Butifyoudigdeeper,you’llhavetroublefindingsolidresearchintotheadvantagesofsecondlanguagelearning,otherthaninolderagegroupswhereitdoeshavestrongcognitive(认知的)benefits.Myclinicalexperiencewithkidsisconsistentwithmyfriend’sfather’sobservationandwiththfindingoftheBritishAcademythatsecondlanguagelearningcanbegreatforkids,butisn’talways.Idependsonalotofcomplexfactors.Forsomeyoungchildren,immersionclassesinFrenchorotherlanguagescanmakeschoolmoreinteresting,enrichingtheirlivesandenlargingtheirsenseoftheworld.Childrenwhoenterschoolwithstrongfirstlanguageandmathematicalskillscanenjoylearninganotherlanguage,findingnewwaysofunderstandingandthinkingaboutwhattheyhavealreadyknown.Forothers,theseprogramscanbecuriosity-crushing.I’veworkedwithmanyverysmartyoungkidswhoaredeeplyfrustratedatschoolbecausetheirscientific,technologica1,ormathematicalinterestsfaroutperformtheirabilitytodiscusstheirenthusiasminanewlanguage.Whenlookingforaschoolforyourpreschooler,considertheirindividuallearningneeds,strengthsandchallenges,andlookforwhatyouthinkmightbethebestmatch.4.WhydidCathy’sgrandpaopposeherattendingthelocalFrenchimmersionkindergarten?A.ItmightholdbackCathy’scuriosity. B.Cathywastoosmalltolearnwell.C.ItmightaffectCathy’sfriendship. D.Cathyhadnogiftforlanguages.5.Whatdoestheresearchrevealaboutseniors’learningasecondlanguage?A.It’schallenging. B.It’sbeneficial.C.It’scontroversial. D.It’senergy-consuming.6.Whatmaytheauthoradviseparentstodowhenchoosingakindergarten?A.Selecttheschoolclosesttotheirhome.B.Makesuretheteachersarenativespeakers.C.Considertheirchildren’slearningstylesandneeds.D.Focusonthequalityofschools’languageimmersionprograms.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofearlybilinguallearning.B.Thesuitableagetostartlearningasecondlanguage.C.Bestwaystopreparekidsforlanguageimmersionprograms.D.“My”reflectionsonimmersingpreschoolsinforeignlanguageprograms.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕是否应该让学龄前儿童参加法语沉浸式幼儿园的问题展开讨论，作者通过引用朋友的经历、个人的临床经验以及相关研究，分析了学习第二语言的好处以及沉浸式教育的利弊，最终强调了在为学龄前儿童选择学校时，应考虑他们的个体学习需求、优势和挑战，寻找最适合他们的教育方式。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Shesurprisedmebysayingthatherdadadvisedagainstdoingthat,saying,“Youhaveaverybrightlittlegirlwho’scuriousabouteverything.Frenchisonlyonesubject.Youdon’tneedtomakeitthecenterofhereducationfortheimportantearlyyearsofschool.”(她的回答让我很惊讶，她说她父亲不建议这么做，还说：“你女儿非常聪明，对一切都充满好奇。法语只是一门学科而已。在她上学的重要启蒙阶段，没必要把它作为教育的核心。”)”可知，Cathy的爷爷反对她上法语沉浸式幼儿园，理由是Cathy是一个对一切都充满好奇的聪明小女孩，而法语只是一门学科，没必要在上学最初的重要几年里将其作为教育的核心。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Butifyoudigdeeper,you’llhavetroublefindingsolidresearchintotheadvantagesofsecondlanguagelearning,otherthaninolderagegroupswhereitdoeshavestrongcognitive(认知的)benefits.(但如果你深入探究，就会发现很难找到关于幼儿学习第二语言优势的确凿研究，除了在年龄较大的群体中，学习第二语言确实有显著的认知益处。)”可知，对于老年人学习第二语言，有研究表明其在认知方面有很大益处。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Whenlookingforaschoolforyourpreschooler,considertheirindividuallearningneeds,strengthsandchallenges,andlookforwhatyouthinkmightbethebestmatch.(在为学龄前孩子挑选学校时，要考虑他们的个体学习需求、优势和挑战，寻找你认为最适合他们的学校。)”可知，作者建议家长在为孩子选择幼儿园时，要考虑孩子个人的学习需求、优势和面临的挑战，找到最适合孩子的学校。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Myclinicalexperiencewithkidsisconsistentwithmyfriend’sfather’sobservationandwiththefindingoftheBritishAcademythatsecondlanguagelearningcanbegreatforkids,butisn’talways.Idependsonalotofcomplexfactors.(我在儿童方面的临床经验，与我朋友父亲的观点以及英国科学院的研究结果相符，即第二语言学习对孩子可能很有好处，但并非总是如此。这取决于很多复杂因素。)”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕作者对是否让学龄前儿童参加外语沉浸式课程展开思考，从朋友父亲反对孩子参加法语沉浸式幼儿园，到阐述不同孩子对语言沉浸式课程的不同反应，都体现了作者对这一问题的思考。故选D。CDoyoualwaysthinkthroughpossibilitiesbeforecommittingtoeventhesmallestchoiceslikewhattowear,whichmenuitemtopick,andwhentodohousechores?Ifthissoundslikeyou,you’reamongmanyindecisivepeoplewhostrugglewiththoseissues.Butaredecisivepeoplebetteratmakingdecisionsthanindecisivepeople?Arecentstudyhascastlightonthat.Thestartingpointoftherecentstudyintothedifferencesbetweendecisiveandindecisivepeoplewasfindingareliablewayofdistinguishingparticipants.TheresearchteamusedtheActionControlScale,ayesornoquestionnaireabouteverydaychoicesandbehavior,torevealwhetherapersonisaction-orstate-oriented.Action-orientedpeoplearemoredecisiveandlikelytotakeaction.Theyaremoreflexibleandlikelytocarryouttheirintentionsinthefaceofchallenges.Bycontrast,state-orientedpeoplefocusontheiremotionalstates.Theyaremorehesitanttocommittotheirchoices,andabandontheircommitmentsmorefrequently.Researcherssurveyed723people,fromwhomtheychosethe60mostaction-orientedandthe60moststate-orientedtotakepartinthemainexperiments.Theparticipantswentthroughasetofcognitivetasks,withlow-riskchoices.Theteamconductedacomparisonofseveralcognitiveprocessesbetweenthetwogroupsincludingevidence-processingspeed,decisioncaution,initialbias(howmuchthechoiceisinfluencedbyknownknowledge),andsensitivity(howaccuratelyyoucanjudgethecorrectnessofyourchoice).Byexaminingthesecognitiveprocesses,researchersaimedtogaininsightsintothedecision-makingabilitiesandtendenciesofthetwogroups.Theyfoundthatacrossalltheexperiments,action-orientedpeopleweremoreconfidentintheirchoices.However,therewerenodivergencesincorrectness,speed,orsensitivity.Meanwhile,indecisivepeoplewereinnowayworseatmakingchoices.Beinglessormoreconfidentofthechoicethathasbeenmadecannotaffecttheoutcome.Itcan,however,influencefutureones.State-orientedpeoplearelessconfidentofwhetherthechoiceisright,anditwillpossiblymakepursuingtheirgoalsamuchgreaterchallenge.8.What’sthefunctionoftheActionControlScale?A.Comparingparticipants’dailyschedules.B.Recordingparticipants’emotionalchanges.C.Findingthereasonsbehindparticipants’choices.D.Tellingdecisiveparticipantsfromindecisiveones.9.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?A.Addsomebackgroundinformation. B.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Providesomeadviceforthereaders. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“divergences”inParagraph5mean?A.Assignments. B.Distinctions. C.Connections. D.Comparisons.11.Whatwillbeprobablydiscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Thecorrectwaytofaceuptothechallenges.B.Thebenefitsgainedbystate-orientedpeople.C.Theinfluenceoftheconfidencegaponthefuture.D.Thedifferencebetweentheaction-andstate-orientedpeople.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项关于果断型与优柔寡断型人群决策能力的研究，包括研究方法、分组标准及核心发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheresearchteamusedtheActionControlScale,ayesornoquestionnaireabouteverydaychoicesandbehavior,torevealwhetherapersonisaction-orstate-oriented.(研究团队使用了行动控制量表，这是一份关于日常选择和行为的是非题问卷，用于揭示一个人是行动导向型还是状态导向型。)”可知，行动控制量表的作用是区分果断的行动导向型人群和优柔寡断的状态导向型人群。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Action-orientedpeoplearemoredecisiveandlikelytotakeaction.Theyaremoreflexibleandlikelytocarryouttheirintentionsinthefaceofchallenges.Bycontrast,state-orientedpeoplefocusontheiremotionalstates.Theyaremorehesitanttocommittotheirchoices,andabandontheircommitmentsmorefrequently.(行动导向型的人更果断，更有可能采取行动。他们更灵活，在面对挑战时更有可能实现自己的意图。相比之下，状态导向型的人关注自己的情绪状态。他们在做出选择时更犹豫，也更频繁地放弃自己的承诺。)”可知，该段详细解释了两种导向型人群的特质，为后续研究实验提供了背景信息。故选A项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Theyfoundthatacrossalltheexperiments,action-orientedpeopleweremoreconfidentintheirchoices.However,therewerenodivergencesincorrectness,speed,orsensitivity.Meanwhile,indecisivepeoplewereinnowayworseatmakingchoices.(他们发现在所有实验中，行动导向型的人对自己的选择更有信心。然而，在正确性、速度或敏感性方面没有__________。与此同时，优柔寡断的人在做出选择方面绝不逊色。)”可知，“however”表转折，前文强调自信度不同，后文则说明其他方面无区别，因此“divergences”意为“差异、区别”。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Beinglessormoreconfidentofthechoicethathasbeenmadecannotaffecttheoutcome.Itcan,however,influencefutureones.State-orientedpeoplearelessconfidentofwhetherthechoiceisright,anditwillpossiblymakepursuingtheirgoalsamuchgreaterchallenge.(对已做出的选择信心多寡不会影响结果。然而，它会影响未来的选择。状态导向型的人对选择是否正确不太有信心，这可能会使追求目标变得更具挑战性。)”可知，段落重点提及信心差异对未来的影响，后续段落大概率会进一步展开这一话题。故选C项。DCloseyoureyesandpictureyourselfwalkinginthetown.Youcanprobablydaydreamabouttheplacesyou’dgopast.Thisabilitytoimaginesuchsituationsinourmindsisthoughttobecrucialtohumans’abilitytoplanaheadandhaslongbeenconsideredasafeaturethatdistinguisheshumansfromanimals.Butanewstudyhasfoundthatratscanthinkaboutobjectsandplacesthatarenotrightinfrontofthem.Likehumans,whenratsexperienceplacesandevents,specificneuralactivitypatternsareactivatedinthehippocampus,anareaofthebrainresponsibleforspatialmemory.Butasitwasdifficulttogetratstothink,itwasimpossibletoconfirmwhetherratscouldvoluntarilycontrolthisactivityandscientistshadstruggledforlongtodiscloseit.Toreadtherat’smind,ChongxiLai,aco-authorofthestudy,alongwithcolleagues,developedasystemtomeasureneuralactivityusingabrain-machineinterface(BMI).TheBMI,measuringneuralactivityandtranslatingwhatitmeant,producedaconnectionbetweentheelectricactivityoccurringintherat’shippocampusandtheanimal’spositionina360-degreevirtualrealityenvironment.First,someratswereplacedintothevirtualrealityenvironmentandtheywererewardedwhentheytraveledthroughthisenvironmenttowardstheirgoalsbyrunningonatreadmill(anexercisemachine).Next,researchersdisconnectedthetreadmillsothattheratscouldstillseethevirtualrealityenvironment,buttheirrunninghadnoimpact.Byreproducingthebrainactivitythey’dshownduringtheprevioussessions,theratscouldtraveltorewardlocationstakingadvantageoftheirownthoughts.“Althoughit’sstillunclearwhattheratisexperiencingwhileit’stravelingorhowsimilaritistowhathappensinhumans,theteamhasdoneaconvincingjobofshowingratscanvoluntarilyreactivatementalmapsoffamiliarplaces,”saidShayna,acognitiveneuroscientist.TheresearchalsoshowsthattheBMIcanbeusedtoobservehippocampalactivity,providinganovelsystemforstudyingthisimportantbrainregion.BecausetheBMIisincreasinglyusedinprosthetics(themakingofartificialbodyparts),thisnewapproachofmeasuringneuralactivityalsoopensupthepossibilityofdesigningnovelprostheticdevicesbasedonthesameprinciples.12.Whatisthetraditionalviewaboutimagingafamiliarplaceinmind?A.Itisuniquetohumans. B.Ittakeseffortstodevelop.C.Itinvolvesplanningahead. D.Itoftenoccursduringtraveling.13.Whathappenedtoratsafterresearchersdisconnectedthetreadmill?A.Theyhaddifficultyrunningfreely.B.Theydemonstratedabnormalbrainactivity.C.Theycouldreachrewardplacesusingmentalmaps.D.Theywereatalossinthevirtualrealityenvironment.14.What’sShayna’sattitudetowardsthenewstudy?A.Concerned. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Critical.15.WhatdoestheauthorhighlightabouttheBMIinthelastparagraph?A.Itsdesignconcept. B.Itsresearchlimitation.C.Itsoperatingprinciple. D.Itsapplicationpotential.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕一项新研究展开，证实老鼠能主动激活脑海中熟悉地点的心理地图，打破了“脑海想象场景是人类独有能力”的传统认知，同时介绍了研究使用的脑机接口（BMI）及其应用潜力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Thisabilitytoimaginesuchsituationsinourmindsisthoughttobecrucialtohumans’abilitytoplanaheadandhaslongbeenconsideredasafeaturethatdistinguisheshumansfromanimals.(这种在脑海中想象这种情况的能力被认为对人类提前计划的能力至关重要，长期以来一直被认为是人类区别于动物的一个特征。)”可知，这种在脑海中想象场景的能力长期被认为是人类区别于动物的特征，即，传统观点认为，这是人类所特有的。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Byreproducingthebrainactivitythey’dshownduringtheprevioussessions,theratscouldtraveltorewardlocationstakingadvantageoftheirownthoughts.(通过复制它们在前几次训练中表现出的大脑活动，老鼠可以利用自己的想法前往奖励地点。)”可知，通过重现之前实验中展现的大脑活动，老鼠可以利用自己的想法到达奖励位置，即，它们能够凭借脑海中的地图找到奖励地点。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容“‘Althoughit’sstillunclearwhattheratisexperiencingwhileit’stravelingorhowsimilaritistowhathappensinhumans,theteamhasdoneaconvincingjobofshowingratscanvoluntarilyreactivatementalmapsoffamiliarplaces,’saidShayna,acognitiveneuroscientist.(“尽管目前尚不清楚老鼠在移动过程中究竟经历了什么，也不清楚其行为与人类的情况是否有相似之处，但该研究团队已经成功地证明了老鼠能够自主地重新激活对熟悉场所的记忆图像。”认知神经科学家谢娜说。)”可知，Shayna评价“研究团队令人信服地证明了老鼠能主动重新激活熟悉地点的心理地图”。由此推知，她对此的态度是积极的。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾段落内容“TheresearchalsoshowsthattheBMIcanbeusedtoobservehippocampalactivity,providinganovelsystemforstudyingthisimportantbrainregion.BecausetheBMIisincreasinglyusedinprosthetics(themakingofartificialbodyparts),thisnewapproachofmeasuringneuralactivityalsoopensupthepossibilityofdesigningnovelprostheticdevicesbasedonthesameprinciples.(该研究还表明，BMI可用于观察海马区的活动，为研究这一重要的大脑区域提供了一种新的系统。由于BMI越来越多地用于假肢（人造身体部位的制造），这种测量神经活动的新方法也为基于相同原理设计新型假肢装置开辟了可能性。)”可知，这里提到BMI“为研究大脑区域提供新系统”，且“为设计新型假肢设备开辟了可能性”，强调了其实用价值。由此推知，作者强调了BMI的应用潜力。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，选出最佳选项填在空白处。其中两项为多余选项。EversinceIwasachild,I’vebeenfrightenedbytheideaofdisappointingpeople.____16____FrompreschoolthroughmymasterdegreeyearsIwasalwaysthefirstinmyclass.Butobviously,I’mnotagenius.Sometimes,Ibroughthomeanineoutoftengradeandmyparentswouldaskmewheretheotherpointhadgone.Ofcourse,theexplanationwassimple:I’dmadeamistake.Butforaperfectionist,that’saverydangerousthought,whichcancauseachainofabusiveself-talks.Afterall,thatmistakewassostupid.____17____Whathidesbehindmyperfectionismistheillusion(幻觉)ofcontrol,theideathatifIworkhardanddomybest,I’llbeperfectandprotected,____18____Everyoneisallowedtomakemistakes,exceptme;everythingisacompetition,andanythingIcan’twinisadeadloss.____19____Itcanevenmakeyouphysicallysickwithheadaches,stomachaches,musclecrampsandso.on.Insomecases,itleadstoself-harmingbehavior,suchaseatingdisordersandaddiction.Theotherdarksideofperfectionismisthatyoubecomeunabletotrulyappreciateyoursuccess—youonlyfocusonwhatyoucould’vedonebetter.Despitetheproblems,perfectionismhasallowedmetocompletealotandbecomewhoIamtoday.“Toseeperfectionismasauniquelynegativethingisactuallytodenyapartofyourself,”saidtheperfectionismcoachYasminaHajoui.____20____Butthatdesireneedstobebalancedandcomefromahealthyplace.A.Perfectionismisasurvivalmechanism.B.There’snothingwrongwithwantingtodothingswell.C.Theproblemisthatperfectionismbringsmorethanstress.D.Ishouldhavestudiedmore,workedharderandfocusedbetter.E.Inperfectionism,wetendtobelievethatonlyourachievementsdefineus.F.Andifsomethingisn’tperfect,thatmeansit’smyfaultandthatI’mawful.G.Mysolutiontothatanxietywastoachieveperfectionism-andmostly,itworked.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.C20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章结合作者自身经历，说明了完美主义给人带来的影响。【16题详解】根据上文“EversinceIwasachild,I’vebeenfrightenedbytheideaofdisappointingpeople.(从我还是个孩子的时候起，我就害怕让别人失望)”可知，本句成绩上文，说明作者为了不让别人失望采取了什么办法。故G选项“我对这种焦虑的解决办法是追求完美——而且大多数情况下，它都奏效了”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Ofcourse,theexplanationwassimple:I’dmadeamistake.Butforaperfectionist,that’saverydangerousthought,whichcancauseachainofabusiveself-talks.Afterall,thatmistakewassostupid.(当然，原因很简单：我犯了一个错误。但对于一个完美主义者来说，这是一个非常危险的想法，它会导致一连串的虐待性自言自语。毕竟，那个错误太愚蠢了)”可知，上文提到了作者认识到了自己犯错是愚蠢的，说明采取了方法来纠正错误。故D选项“我应该多学习，更努力工作，更专注”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Whathidesbehindmyperfectionismistheillusion(幻觉)ofcontrol,theideathatifIworkhardanddomybest,I’llbeperfectandprotected(隐藏在我的完美主义背后的是一种控制的错觉，这种想法是，如果我努力工作，尽我最大的努力，我就会完美和被保护)”以及后文“Everyoneisallowedtomakemistakes,exceptme;everythingisacompetition,andanythingIcan’twinisadeadloss.(每个人都可以犯错误，除了我；一切都是一场比赛，任何赢不了的事都是死输)”可知，上文假设了努力变得完成和被保护的情况，推测本句是在说明另一种不完美的情况，作者会如何反应。故F选项“如果某件事不完美，那就意味着是我的错，我很糟糕”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Itcanevenmakeyouphysicallysickwithheadaches,stomachaches,musclecrampsandso.on.Insomecases,itleadstoself-harmingbehavior,suchaseatingdisordersandaddiction.Theotherdarksideofperfectionismisthatyoubecomeunabletotrulyappreciateyoursuccess—youonlyfocusonwhatyoucould’vedonebetter.(它甚至会让你身体不适，比如头痛、胃痛、肌肉痉挛等等。在某些情况下，它会导致自我伤害行为，如饮食失调和成瘾。完美主义的另一个阴暗面是，你变得无法真正感激你的成功——你只关注你可以做得更好的地方)”可知，本段主要论述了完美主义给身体带来的危害。故C选项“问题是完美主义带来的不仅仅是压力”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Despitetheproblems,perfectionismhasallowedmetocompletealotandbecomewhoIamtoday.“Toseeperfectionismasauniquelynegativethingisactuallytodenyapartofyourself,”saidtheperfectionismcoachYasminaHajoui.(尽管有这些问题，但完美主义让我完成了很多事情，成为了今天的我。“把完美主义视为一种独特的负面因素，实际上是在否认自己的一部分，”完美主义教练亚YasminaHajoui说)”以及后文“Butthatdesireneedstobebalancedandcomefromahealthyplace.(但这种欲望需要平衡，并且来自一个健康的地方)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，后文提出欲望要平衡，推测本句主要针对完美主义的合理性展开论述。故B选项“想把事情做好并没有错”符合语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用（共四节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Yesterdaymorning,Ileftanoteonthedeskformynine-year-olddaughter.I____21____:“Ann,pleaseremembertocirclewhichshirtontheprintoutyouwantmeto____22____foryou,tobringthenewpencilstoschoolforkidsinneedandtofilltheformofyourvacationactivitiesandbringittoschool,too.”Thetasksabouttheshirtandthepencilswere____23____whiletheformrequiredmoreeffort.Later,Isawshewantedmetopurchaseagreenshirt,andthepencilswere____24____.Buttheformwasstillthere,____25____.Ihadthreespecificrequests;____26____,she’dleftoutthemostimportantone.Thenightbefore,wehaddiscussedthe____27____ofleavingthetaskunfinished:Shewouldn’t____28____thesportsteamshewantedtojoin.Shewasso____29____thatsheshedtearsandpromisedtotakealltheassignedtasksseriouslyin____30____.It’snormalforherto____31____thetasks.Researchfindswhenpeoplearerequiredtodomultipletasks,mostpeopledotheeasyonesfirstandleavethehardstuffforlater.Psychologistscallthis____32____“thesmallertaskstrap”.Lookingback,Ishouldhaveassessedmyprioritiesandonlyaskedmydaughterto____33____theform.Thethingsabouttheshirtandthepencilscouldbedoneonanotherday.Don’tcreatelongtask____34____forotherpeople.Toomanyrequestscanleadtofewergettingdone.Doprioritizewhatyouaskotherpeopletodoand____35____theimportantonestoensuretheyarenotleftunfinished.21.A.reasoned B.wrote C.imagined D.translated22.A.color B.design C.order D.borrow23.A.accessible B.random C.painless D.ordinary24.A.kept B.gone C.damaged D.delivered25.A.wet B.complete C.dirty D.blank26.A.frequently B.apparently C.probably D.especially27.A.fact B.cause C.purpose D.consequence28.A.setup B.lookinto C.qualifyfor D.withdrawfrom29.A.regretful B.rough C.strict D.unfortunate30.A.total B.vain C.turn D.future31.A.skip B.update C.assign D.perform32.A.lifestyle B.campaign C.tendency D.challenge33.A.findout B.makeup C.waitfor D.attendto34.A.lists B.procedures C.conditions D.presentations35.A.predict B.highlight C.imagine D.solve【答案】21.B22