中石化职称英语考试试题库及答案

中石化职称英语考试试题库及答案一、词汇与语法（共20题，每题1分，共20分）1.Thenewcatalystcan______thereactionratebynearly40%.A.accelerate B.accumulate C.accompany D.accommodate答案：A2.Ifthepressure______above6MPa,theemergencyshutdownvalvewillbetriggeredautomatically.A.raises B.rises C.arises D.raisesup答案：B3.Thetechnicianinsistedthatthedefectivevalve______immediately.A.bereplaced B.replaced C.replaces D.replacing答案：A4.Thereportconcludedthatthecorrosionwas______tochloridestresscracking.A.attributed B.contributed C.distributed D.constituted答案：A5.Notuntiltheflarestackwasrepaired______theunitrestart.A.could B.can C.did D.had答案：A6.Thelaboratoryhaspurchaseda______spectrometerforsulfurcontentanalysis.A.portable B.portabletype C.portably D.portability答案：A7.Themanagerdemandedthatallweldingprocedures______beforecommissioning.A.recertify B.recertified C.berecertified D.arerecertified答案：C8.Theviscosityindexofthebaseoilishigh,______itstemperaturedependenceislow.A.whereas B.therefore C.despite D.otherwise答案：B9.Thefirewaterringmainmustbe______everyshifttoensurereadiness.A.drained B.flushed C.sampled D.vented答案：B10.Thenewregulationrequiresthatstoragetanks______withinternalfloatingroofs.A.equip B.areequipped C.beequipped D.equipped答案：C11.Theoperatornoticeda______soundcomingfromthereciprocatingcompressor.A.harshmetallic B.harshlymetallic C.metallicharsh D.metallicharshly答案：A12.Theunitwasshutdown______thesuddendropincolumnbottomlevel.A.inviewof B.onbehalfof C.withregardto D.bymeansof答案：A13.Theinspectionintervalwasextended______theriskassessmentindicatedlowprobabilityoffailure.A.providedthat B.sothat C.inthat D.exceptthat答案：A14.Thecorrosioncouponwasweighed______microgramstoensureaccuracy.A.by B.in C.to D.with答案：C15.Theemergencyresponseteamis______toarriveatthescenewithinfiveminutes.A.bound B.supposed C.obliged D.compelled答案：B16.Theflaretiptemperaturemust______above500°Ctoensurecompletecombustion.A.maintain B.bemaintained C.bemaintaining D.havemaintained答案：B17.ThenewfirmwareallowstheDCS______thepumpvibrationinrealtime.A.monitor B.monitoring C.tomonitor D.monitored答案：C18.Thechiefengineerrecommendeda______materialforthesourservicepipeline.A.low-carbon B.lower-carbon C.lowest-carbon D.lower-carboned答案：A19.Thecrackingfurnacewasbroughtdownfor______after11,000hoursofoperation.A.decoking B.deloading C.depressuring D.derimming答案：A20.Thesamplewastransferredintoa______bottletoavoidlightdegradation.A.brown-colouredopaque B.opaquebrown-coloured C.colouredopaquebrown D.brownopaque答案：D二、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）Passage1Therefinery’snewdelayedcokerunitwasdesignedtoprocess1.4milliont/aofvacuumresidue.Aclosed-loopwaterrecyclingsystemwasintegratedtominimiseliquideffluent.Duringstart-up,however,operatorsobservedthatthehigh-pressurewater-jetpumpsrepeatedlytrippedonlowsuctionpressure.Investigationrevealedthatdissolvedgasesintherecycledwaterwerecausingcavitationatthepumpimpellereye.Atemporarydeaeratordrumwasinstalledupstreamofthepumps;thedrumoperatedat60°Cand50kPaabsolute,allowinggasestoflashoff.Afterthreedaysofstableoperation,thedrumwasbypassedtotesttheoriginalconfiguration.Withintwohourspumpvibrationsroseabove8mm/s,confirmingthatthedeaeratorwasessential.Thefinalsolutionwastoinstallapermanentverticaldeaeratorwith5minutesresidencetimeandapackedsectiontoenhancegas-liquidcontact.Sincethen,nocavitation-relatedtripshaveoccurred,andpumplifehasdoubled.21.TheinitialproblemwascausedbyA.hightemperature B.dissolvedgases C.lowviscosity D.highsalinity答案：B22.ThetemporarydeaeratoroperatedatA.50°Cand60kPa B.60°Cand50kPa C.60kPaand50°C D.50kPaand60kPa答案：B23.ThebypasstestaimedtoA.reduceresidencetime B.validatethediagnosis C.savesteam D.increasethroughput答案：B24.ThepermanentdeaeratorwasdesignedwithA.acycloneseparator B.apackedsection C.amembranemodule D.acoalescer答案：B25.ThemainbenefitafterthemodificationwasA.highercokeryield B.lowerenergyconsumption C.longerpumplife D.reducedcokedust答案：CPassage2Sinopec’sQingdaorefineryrecentlyreplaceditstraditionalfixed-roofgasolinetankswithinternal-floating-roof(IFR)tanksequippedwithfull-contactaluminiumhoneycombdecks.Theprimaryobjectivewastocutvolatileorganiccompound(VOC)losses.Priortotheupgrade,breathinglossesduringatypicalsummerdayreached800kgpertank.AfterIFRinstallation,emissionsdroppedto90kg,translatingintoannualsavingsof230tofgasolineand680tofCO₂-equivalent.Thedecksarefittedwithdoublewipersealsandcolumnwellswithfabricsleeves.Rim-mountedsecondarysealswereavoidedbecausepreviousinspectionsshowed60%ofrimfiresoriginatedatsecondarysealgroundingstraps.Instead,thedesignemploysacontinuous30mmrimgapmonitoredbyultrasonicsensors.Anygapincreaseabove5mmtriggersamaintenancealert.Theprojectpaybackperiodwas14months,drivenbyproductrecoveryalone,excludingcarboncredits.26.Theoldtanksemittedapproximately______ofgasolineperdayinsummer.A.90kg B.230kg C.680kg D.800kg答案：D27.ThenewdecksaremadeofA.stainlesssteel B.aluminiumhoneycomb C.carbonfibre D.glass-reinforcedplastic答案：B28.SecondarysealswereomittedbecauseA.theyincreasecost B.theycausegroundingfailures C.theyreducebuoyancy D.theyhinderinspection答案：B29.TherimgapismeasuredbyA.radar B.ultrasonicsensors C.manualgaugetape D.infraredcamera答案：B30.ThepaybackwasachievedinA.5months B.10months C.14months D.24months答案：CPassage3Aminescrubbingunitsarepronetofoaming,especiallywhenthegasstreamcontainsheavyhydrocarbonsorfineparticulates.AttheLuoyangpetrochemicalplant,diethanolamine(DEA)lossesreached1.2tpermonth,forcingfrequenttop-upsanddownstreamfilterchanges.Asixsigmateamidentifiedthatthemaincontributorwascompressorlubeoilcarry-over.Theoilformedastableemulsionattheamine-gasinterface,stabilisedbyironsulphideparticles.Thecountermeasurepackageincluded:(1)installationofhigh-efficiencyoilcoalescersupstreamoftheabsorber,(2)replacementoftraditionalsockfilterswithpleated5µmcartridges,(3)continuousinjectionof50ppmoflow-foamingantifoambasedonpolyalkyleneglycol,and(4)upgradeofthecarbonbedfrom6×12meshto4×10meshtoimprovehydrocarbonremoval.Threemonthsafterimplementation,DEAlossesfellto0.3tpermonth,andabsorberpressuredropstabilisedat35kPa,eliminatingunplannedshutdowns.31.TheprimarycauseoffoamingwasA.hightemperature B.lubeoilcarry-over C.highCO₂content D.aminedegradation答案：B32.IronsulphideparticlesactedasA.catalysts B.emulsionstabilisers C.corrosioninhibitors D.antifoamagents答案：B33.ThenewfilterratingwasA.1µm B.5µm C.10µm D.50µm答案：B34.TheantifoamdosagewasA.5ppm B.15ppm C.50ppm D.150ppm答案：C35.ThecarbonbedmeshsizewaschangedtoA.6×12 B.4×10 C.8×16 D.12×20答案：BPassage4SinopecResearchInstitutehasdevelopedanano-ceramiccoatingforflaretipsoperatingat1,300°C.Thecoatingconsistsofthreelayers:a200µmmetallicbondcoatofNiCrAlYappliedbyhigh-velocityoxygenfuel(HVOF),a300µmintermediatelayerofyttria-stabilisedzirconia(YSZ)byairplasmaspray,anda100µmtopcoatoflanthanumzirconateforthermalemissivitycontrol.FieldtrialsattheTianjinrefineryshowedthatuncoated310SSflaretipssuffered4mmerosionafter8months,whereascoatedtipsexhibitedlessthan0.2mmloss.Infra-redimagingrevealedsurfacetemperatures80°Cloweroncoatedtips,indicatingreducedthermalstress.Thecoatingalsosuppressedcokedepositionby70%,attributedtothelowsurfaceenergyoflanthanumzirconate.Economicanalysisindicatesathree-foldextensionofflare-tiplife,translatingintosavingsof1.2millionRMBperflareoverfiveyears.36.ThebondcoatmaterialisA.YSZ B.NiCrAlY C.La₂Zr₂O₇ D.310SS答案：B37.ThetopcoatthicknessisA.100µm B.200µm C.300µm D.500µm答案：A38.ErosiononuncoatedtipswasA.0.2mm B.2mm C.4mm D.8mm答案：C39.LowersurfacetemperatureimpliesA.higheremissivity B.lowerthermalstress C.increasedcokeformation D.reducedflareheight答案：B40.ThecoatingreducedcokedepositionbyA.30% B.50% C.70% D.90%答案：C三、完形填空（共10题，每题1分，共10分）Thedelayed-cokerunitwasshutdownforitsfour-yearlyturnaround.Afterthecokedrumswere__41__andcooled,inspectorsenteredthevesselthroughthebottomhead.Theyfoundunexpected__42__ontheinnersurface:a2mmlayerofhardcokeresemblingmetalcarbide.Laboratoryanalysisrevealedhighvanadiumandnickelcontent,__43__fromthefeedstock.Suchdeposits__44__heattransferandcancausehotspotsleadingtobulging.Theteamdecidedto__45__thelayerusinghigh-pressurewaterjetsoperatingat1,200bar.Toprotectthedrumshell,rotationalnozzleswere__46__withtungsteninsertstominimiseerosion.Thecleaningtook36hoursperdrum,afterwhichUT__47__confirmedwallthicknesswithin1%oforiginalvalues.Therootcausewastracedtoa__48__inthefeedstockquality:theConradsoncarbonresiduehadrisenfrom22%to28%overthepastyear.Asacountermeasure,therefineryintroduceda__49__blendingprotocolwithpurchasedsweetcrudestokeepmetalsbelow150ppm.Sinceimplementation,cokemorphologyhasreturnedtospongecoke,anddrum__50__hasimprovedmarkedly.41.A.steamed B.vented C.flooded D.sketched答案：A42.A.bulging B.blisters C.deposits D.cracks答案：C43.A.stemming B.draining C.leaking D.pouring答案：A44.A.enhance B.impair C.induce D.accelerate答案：B45.A.remove B.retain C.record D.reinforce答案：A46.A.tipped B.coated C.lined D.welded答案：A47.A.survey B.calibration C.logging D.scanning答案：D48.A.surge B.shift C.shock D.spike答案：B49.A.rigorous B.random C.reluctant D.redundant答案：A50.A.reliability B.liability C.feasibility D.versatility答案：A四、翻译（共2段，每段10分，共20分）段落一（英译汉）Theintegrationofadvancedprocesscontrol(APC)andreal-timeoptimisation(RTO)hasenabledtheFushunrefinerytopushthereformingunitseverityindexfrom98to102withoutincreasingcatalystcokelaydown.Bydeployingamultivariablepredictivecontrollerthatmanipulates18variables—includingreactorinlettemperatures,recyclegasflow,andseparatorpressure—thesystemcontinuouslydrivestheunittowardtheoptimumseveritywhilerespectingmechanicalconstraintssuchasheatertubeskintemperatureandcompressorsurgelimits.Closed-loopperformanceauditsshowa1.3%yieldincreaseinC₅⁺reformateanda3%reductioninenergyconsumptionpertonneoffeed,translatingintoannualbenefitsof4.8millionRMB.答案：先进过程控制（APC）与实时优化（RTO）的集成使抚顺炼油厂能够在不增加催化剂积碳的前提下，将重整装置苛刻度指数从98提升至102。通过部署一套可操控18个变量的多变量预测控制器——包括反应器入口温度、循环氢流量及分离器压力——系统持续在机械约束（如加热炉管壁温度、压缩机喘振极限）范围内将装置推向最优苛刻度。闭环性能审计显示，C₅⁺重整油收率提高1.3%，每吨进料的能耗降低3%，年效益达480万元人民币。段落二（汉译英）近年来，中国石化大力推广泄漏检测与修复（LDAR）技术，通过便携式有机气体分析仪对阀门、法兰、泵密封等潜在泄漏源进行周期性巡检。青岛炼化在2022年完成了全厂28万套密封点的首轮建档，建立电子标签与地理信息系统（GIS）的关联，实现漏点自动比对与趋势预警。全年累计检测出1650处泄漏，修复率达98.7%，减少挥发性有机物排放约1200t，直接回收油品价值逾900万元。下一步，该厂计划引入红外热成像无人机，对高空及高温区域实施快速筛查，进一步提升LDAR覆盖率与效率。答案：Inrecentyears,Sinopechasvigorouslypromotedleakdetectionandrepair(LDAR)technology,usingportableorganicgasanalyserstoconductperiodicinspectionsonpotentialleaksourcessuchasvalves,flangesandpumpseals.In2022QingdaoRefinerycompletedthefirst-roundregistrationof280000sealingpointsacrosstheentireplant,linkingelectronictagswithageographicinformationsystem(GIS)toenableautomaticleakcomparisonandtrendwarnings.Throughouttheyear1650leaksweredetected,achievingarepairrateof98.7%,cuttingvolatileorganiccompoundemissionsbyabout1200tandrecoveringoilproductworthmorethan9millionRMB.Next,theplantplanstointroduceinfraredthermal-imagingdronesforrapidscreeningofelevatedandhigh-temperatureareas,furtherincreasingLDARcoverageandefficiency.五、写作（共1题，20分）Directions:Youarethetechnicalmanagerofapetrochemicalcomplex.Writeamemo(150–200words)totheplantmanagersummarisingtherootcauseofrepeatedfurn