2015年高考英语阅读理解长难句简析 2022届高考英语复习

阅读理解长难句简析 [2015新课标I卷]BThefreezingNortheasthasn’tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC(维生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweekend,①butthebestpart—particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables—wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7a.m.to1p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries,thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,I’verefusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown’sGroveFarm’sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal—and②atthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths.③DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI’dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.①butthebestpart—(particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables)—wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’market(thatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall).分析：括号内内容为插入语。其中particularlytomytaste可以理解为作定语，修饰part；dulledby...作状语；thatproved...引导定语从句，修饰adventure。简化：butthebestpartwasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’market.简译：但是，在厌倦了几个月冷天气下的根茎类蔬菜之后，最对我胃口的部分是早上7点去Sarasota农贸市场采购。那绝对是值得上早起。②atthatmoment,Irealized(thatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthings)(thatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths).分析：前一个括号为宾语从句；后一个括号为定语从句，修饰things。简化：atthatmoment,Irealizedit.简译：那一刻我意识到，冬季的Sarasota最棒的部分是去吃东西。而这些东西是我在纽约几个月都享受不到的。③(DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight),myhappinessdeepened{whenIlearned(thatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty)},(anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton),(where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight).分析：Delightedas...是由as引导的让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；when...引导时间状语从句。其中that...引导宾语从句，作learned的宾语；anewlyopenedrestaurant...作JackDusty同位语；where...引导定语从句，修饰SarasotaRitzCarlton。简化：myhappinessdeepened.（其他都是修饰成分）简译：虽然眼前的西红柿令我很高兴，但在我了解到Brown’sGroveFarm是JackDusty的供应商之一时，我的快乐加倍了。JackDusty是SarasotaRitzCarlton新开的一家餐馆，而我那天晚上正打算去那吃晚饭——这对我来说真是太幸运了。CSalvadorDali(1904—1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.①ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL’EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist’sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.②Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限).“③Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.①ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonality(withanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore).分析：withsth.doing作方式状语。简化：ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingsth.fortheartistandhispowerfulpersonality.简译：法国的蓬皮社中心通过一次汇集超过200幅油画、雕像、素描等作品的展览，表达了对这位艺术家及其强烈个人特色的尊重和赞赏。②Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubject(withthevisitorexitingthroughthebrain).分析：with…sb.doing作伴随状语。简化：Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubject.简译：展览根据时间和主题展开，（最后）观众会通过“大脑”离开（theWorldofDali）。③Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansion(cominginandoutoffocus):amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpainting(thatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras).分析：comingin…作定语，修饰前面两个并列名词；that…引导定语从句，修饰Baroque。简化：Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansion:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpainting.简译：从极小到极大，有收缩也有膨胀：惊人的弗兰德斯的精确性以及他曾在弗莱格斯博物馆剧院运用的古画才有的巴洛克风格。DConflictisonthemenutonightatthecaféLaChope.Thisevening,asoneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneisleadingtwoofFrance’sfavoritepastimes,coffeedrinkingandthe“talkingcure”.Heretheyarelearningtogetintouchwiththeirtruefeelings.Itisn’talwayseasy.Theycustomers—somethirtyParisianswhopayjustunder$2(plusdrinks)persession—arequicktointellectualize(高谈阔论),slowtoopenupandconnect.“Youareforbiddentosay‘onefeels’or‘peoplethink’,”Lehannetoldthem.“Say‘Ithink,’‘Thinkme’.”Acafésocietywherenointellectualizingisallowed?Itcouldn’tseemmoreun-French.ButLehanne’spsychologycaféisaboutmorethanknowingoneself:It’stryingtohelpthecity’stroubledneighborhoodcafes.①Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle—longerworkinghours,afast-foodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesiretospendmoretimeathome.Dozensofnewthemecafesappeartochangethesituation.②Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon,fillingtableswellintotheevening.Thecity’s“psychologycafes”,whichoffergreatcomfort,areamongthemostpopularplaces.Middle-agedhomemakers,retirees,andtheunemployedcometosuchcafestotalkaboutlove,anger,anddreamswithapsychologist.AndtheycometoLehanne’sgroupjusttolearntosaywhattheyfeel.“There’sastrongneedinParisforcommunication,”saysMauriceFrisch,acaféLaChoperegularwhoworksasareligiousinstructorinnearbychurch.“Peoplehavefewrealfriends.Andtheyneedtoopenup”.Lehannesaysshe’dliketoseepsychologycafesalloverFrance.“Ifpeoplehadnormallives,thesecafeswouldn’texist,”shesays.“Iflifeweren’tabattle,peoplewouldn’tneedaspecialplacejusttospeak.”Butthen,itwouldn’t’beFrance.①Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle—longerworkinghours,afast-foodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesire(tospendmoretimeathome).分析：fallvictimto：成为……的受害者/牺牲品；非谓语tospend…作定语，修饰desire。简化：Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle.简译：这些年，巴黎咖啡馆因法国生活方式的改变而成了牺牲品——更长的工作时间、快餐的流行以及年青一代人更喜欢待在家里的倾向。②Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon,(fillingtableswellintotheevening).分析：非谓语filling…作伴随状语。简化：Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon.简译：专注于心理学、历史和工程学的咖啡馆开始流行。到了晚上都是宾客如云。阅读理解长难句简析 [2015新课标II卷]BYourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.①Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious(难为情)whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.Don’tforgettheclock—ortheradio.②Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake(摄入)jumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.①Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayarolein(whetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff).分析：whether…引导宾语从句，作in的宾语。简化：Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinsth.简译：专家说，你如何设计你的家对于你的体重增减能起到作用。②People(whoeatslowly)tendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthose(whorushthroughtheirmeals).分析：两个who…均引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词或代词。简化：Peopletendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthose.简译：吃饭慢的人比那些吃饭狼吞虎咽的人每餐一般会少摄入70卡路里。C①Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear(间隔年)beforegoingtouniversity.Itusedtobecalledthe“yearoff”betweenschoolanduniversity.②Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated(起源)withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbyUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService(UCAS).Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatisticsaregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation.“Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andcomple