【《蔷薇科的化学成分探究》4100字】

蔷薇科的化学成分探究目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\u13138蔷薇科的化学成分探究 1271851.1前言 1148491.2化学成分研究 3162461.2.1黄酮类化合物 466181.2.2三萜类及皂苷类化合物 6117911.2.3有机酸类化合物 872321.2.4维生素类化合物 10211051.3药理活性研究 11271381.3.1抑菌活性 11326611.3.2镇痛抗炎活性 11189351.3.3降血糖活性 11106721.3.4抗氧化活性 12279861.3.5抗癌活性 121.1前言自古以来，几乎所有的文化长河都记载人类使用的药物都以中草药作为来源，其在人类治疗疾病中发挥着非常重要的作用。传统中草药在世界各地都被广泛使用，是由于其含有的天然产物或者某些有效天然产物的前体。蔷薇科植物大多分布在北温带附近，全世界有124个属3300种，我国约有51属1000余种ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Hummer</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>426</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[1]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>426</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615985389">426</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="BookSection">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hummer,KimE.</author><author>Janick,Jules</author></authors><secondary-authors><author>Folta,KevinM.</author><author>Gardiner,SusanE.</author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title>Rosaceae:Taxonomy,EconomicImportance,Genomics</title><secondary-title>GeneticsandGenomicsofRosaceae</secondary-title></titles><pages>1-17</pages><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>2009//</date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location>NewYork,NY</pub-location><publisher>SpringerNewYork</publisher><isbn>978-0-387-77491-6</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1007/978-0-387-77491-6_1</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/978-0-387-77491-6_1</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[1]，其中包括稠李属、蔷薇属、李属、臭樱属等。蔷薇科植物是最重要的经济作物之一，其由水果、坚果、草本和木本植物组成。蔷薇科植物中代表性的可食用果实有苹果、李子、榅桲、草莓、梨、杏仁、桃、树莓等，富含丰富的维生素、氨基酸等成分。蔷薇科中的坚果有扁核木仁、桃仁、杏仁等可作为榨取油料的重要原料。蔷薇科中的乔木，如桃木、石楠木、梨木可作为木材料雕刻加工。该科绝大部分成熟的树木因其具有芳香的花朵，通常被种植作观赏用途。如玫瑰、山楂、绣线菊、鸢尾花、蕨麻、碧桃、火棘。其中本科中大多数花，如玫瑰、月季等可提取芳香性挥发成分，丰富了精油的种类。蔷薇科(Rosaceae)植物的药用价值在科学文献中被广泛报道ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Hummer</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>426</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[1]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>426</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615985389">426</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="BookSection">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hummer,KimE.</author><author>Janick,Jules</author></authors><secondary-authors><author>Folta,KevinM.</author><author>Gardiner,SusanE.</author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title>Rosaceae:Taxonomy,EconomicImportance,Genomics</title><secondary-title>GeneticsandGenomicsofRosaceae</secondary-title></titles><pages>1-17</pages><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>2009//</date></pub-dates></dates><pub-location>NewYork,NY</pub-location><publisher>SpringerNewYork</publisher><isbn>978-0-387-77491-6</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1007/978-0-387-77491-6_1</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/978-0-387-77491-6_1</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[1]。中国植物志ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>中国科学院中植物志委员会</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>507</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[2]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>507</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615999363">507</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>中国科学院中植物志委员会</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>中国植物志</title><secondary-title>科学出版社</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>科学出版社</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2006</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[2]依据其果实和花的构造，将其分为以下四个亚科，绣线菊亚科(SpiraeoideaeAgardh)、苹果亚科(MaloideaeWeber)、蔷薇亚科(RosoideaeFocke)、李亚科(PrunoideaeFocke)。我国蔷薇科主要的属种分布如表1.1。表1.1我国蔷薇科植物种类数量以及资源分布植物名拉丁名称数量主要分布地区林石草属Waldsteinia1东北龙芽草属Agrimonia4四川、青海、江西、贵州羽叶花属Acomastylis2西南部、西藏羽衣草属Alchemilla3四川、新疆、云南、甘肃红果树属Stranvaesia4湖南、湖北、江西、安徽太行花属Taihangia1太行山唐棣属Amelanchier2浙江、江西、湖北、重庆小米空木属Stephanandra2浙江、江西、山东、江西、花楸属Sorbus50北京、广西、湖北、云南马蹄黄属Spenceria1四川、云南、西藏桃属Amygdalus12陕西太白假升麻属Aruncus2吉林、黑龙江、四川、云南地蔷薇属Chamaerhodos5青海民和樱属Cerasus100江西、湖南、四川、云南木瓜属Chaenomeles5江西、重庆、四川、云南风箱果属Physocarpus1河北、云南、陕西、甘肃石楠属Photinia40江苏、浙江、福建、广西稠李属Padus14云南、辽宁、青海、四川小石积属Osteomeles3江西、四川、云南、新疆沼委陵菜属Comarum2青海泽库栒子属Cotoneaster50天津、内蒙古、湖北、西藏蛇莓属Duchesnea2天津、江西、重庆、四川山楂属Crataegus17内蒙古、江西、四川、陕西榅桲属Cydonia1云南丽江牛筋条属Dichotomanthus1湖北、贵州、云南仙女木属Dryas1新疆沙湾绣线梅属Neillia10天津、江西、云南、广西臭樱属Maddenia5四川峨眉山、青海循化桂樱属Laurocerasus13湖南芷江、台湾台中棣棠花属Kerria1重庆、陕西、四川、河南路边青属Geum3辽宁、安徽、江西、新疆苹果属Malus20福建、江西、湖南、西藏梨属Pyrus14辽宁、河南、云南、甘肃石斑木属Rhaphiolepis7台湾臀果木属Pygeum6广东、广西、贵州、云南火棘属Pyracantha7重庆、贵州、陕西、广西鸡麻属Rhodotypos1浙江、辽宁、湖北、山东蔷薇属Rosa82陕西、四川、江西、吉林悬钩子属Rubus194四川、西藏、台湾、安徽无尾果属Coluria3四川、西藏、青海蚊子草属Filipendula8河北、吉林、重庆、云南石楠属Photinia40重庆、云南、四川、江西绣线菊属Spiraea50广东、贵州、云南、西藏草莓属Fragaria8四川、贵州、云南、西藏绵刺属Potaninia1内蒙古、广东、四川委陵菜属Potentilla80内蒙古、四川、贵州、云南枇杷属Eriobotrya13湖南、广东、广西、湖北扁核木属Prinsepia4辽宁、四川、云南、甘肃李属Prunus7辽宁、安徽、江西、云南鲜卑花属Sibiraea3四川、云南、甘肃、青海珍珠梅属Sorbaria4内蒙古、重庆、云南地榆属Sanguisorba7江西、河南、四川、云南山莓草属Sibbaldia15四川、云南、甘肃、青海1.2化学成分研究 通过查阅文献已知，蔷薇科植物有丰富的的化学成分，如黄酮类、萜类、挥发油等组分。此外，还含有倍半萜、甾醇、花色苷、鞣质等成分。1.2.1黄酮类化合物黄酮类化合物的母核结构为2-苯基色原酮ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>赵雪巍</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>439</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[3]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>439</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615987671">439</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>赵雪巍</author><author>刘培玉</author><author>刘丹</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>河北医科大学药学院天然药物化学教研室;</auth-address><titles><title>黄酮类化合物的构效关系研究进展</title><secondary-title>中草药</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>中草药</full-title></periodical><pages>3264-3271</pages><volume>46</volume><number>21</number><keywords><keyword>黄酮类化合物</keyword><keyword>构效关系</keyword><keyword>天然产物</keyword><keyword>骨架结构</keyword><keyword>结构分类</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><isbn>0253-2670</isbn><call-num>12-1108/R</call-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[3]，多以糖苷形式存在。研究发现黄酮类化合物具有多种药理活性，如抗癌、抗过敏、抗炎和保护胃粘膜等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>González-Gallego</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>440</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[4,5]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>440</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615987809">440</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="BookSection">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>González-Gallego,Javier</author><author>García-Mediavilla,María</author><author>Sanchez-Campos,Sonia</author><author>Tuñón,María</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Anti-InflammatoryandImmunomodulatoryPropertiesofDietaryFlavonoids</title><alt-title>PolyphenolsinHumanHealthandDisease</alt-title></titles><pages>435-452</pages><volume>1</volume><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>9780123984562</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/B978-0-12-398456-2.00032-3</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Guan</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>441</RecNum><record><rec-number>441</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615987952">441</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Guan,L.P.</author><author>Liu,B.Y.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Antidepressant-likeeffectsandmechanismsofflavonoidsandrelatedanalogues</title><secondary-title>EuropeanJournalofMedicinalChemistry</secondary-title></titles><pages>47-57</pages><volume>121</volume><dates><year>2016</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[4,5]。国内外文献报道蔷薇科植物中存在大量黄酮类化合物ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[6-12]，表1.2为蔷薇科植物中部分黄酮类化合物，其化学结构图1.1所示：表1.2蔷薇科植物中部分黄酮类化合物植物来源部分化合物C.horizontalis枝ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Mohamed</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>449</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[13]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>449</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615988665">449</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mohamed,S.A.</author><author>Sokkar,N.M.</author><author>El-Gindi,O.</author><author>Ali,Z.Y.</author><author>Alfishawy,I.M.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Phytoconstituentsinvestigation,anti-Diabeticandanti-dyslipidemicactivitiesofcotoneasterhorizontalisdecnecultivatedinEgypt</title><secondary-title>LifeScienceJournal </secondary-title></titles><pages>620-630</pages><volume>10</volume><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[13]quercetin(Q1)、naringenin(Q11)、(+)catechin(Q13)叶ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Kicel</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>450</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[14]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>450</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615988837">450</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kicel,Agnieszka</author><author>Michel,Piotr</author><author>Owczarek,Aleksandra</author><author>Marchelak,Anna</author><author>Żyżelewicz,Dorota</author><author>Budryn,Grażyna</author><author>Oracz,Joanna</author><author>Olszewska,Monika</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>PhenolicProfileandAntioxidantPotentialofLeavesfromSelectedCotoneasterMedik.Species</title><secondary-title>Molecules</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Molecules</full-title></periodical><pages>688</pages><volume>21</volume><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>05/26</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.3390/molecules21060688</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[14]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、isoquercetin(Q4)、rutin(Q5)、quercetin-3-O-(2''-O-xylosyl)galactoside(Q6)、(+)catechin(Q13)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)、quercetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside、quercetinrhamnose-hexosides、kaempferolrhamnoside果ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Kicel</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>451</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[15]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>451</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615991150">451</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kicel,Agnieszka</author><author>Kolodziejczyk-Czepas,Joanna</author><author>Owczarek,Aleksandra</author><author>Rutkowska,Magdalena</author><author>Wajs-Bonikowska,Anna</author><author>Granica,Sebastian</author><author>Nowak,Pawel</author><author>Olszewska,Monika</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>MultifunctionalPhytocompoundsinCotoneasterFruits:PhytochemicalProfiling,CellularSafety,Anti-InflammatoryandAntioxidantEffectsinChemicalandHumanPlasmaModelsInVitro</title><secondary-title>OxidativeMedicineandCellularLongevity</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>OxidativeMedicineandCellularLongevity</full-title></periodical><pages>1-16</pages><volume>2018</volume><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>10/24</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1155/2018/3482521</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[15]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、isoquercetin(Q4)、rutin(Q5)、quercetin-3-O-(2''-O-xylosyl)galactoside(Q6)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)C.integerrimus果ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Kicel</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>452</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[16]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>452</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615991592">452</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kicel,Agnieszka</author><author>Owczarek,Aleksandra</author><author>Gralak,Paulina</author><author>Ciszewski,Pawel</author><author>Olszewska,Monika</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Polyphenolicprofile,antioxidantactivity,andpro-inflammatoryenzymesinhibitionofleaves,flowers,barkandfruitsofCotoneasterintegerrimus:Acomparativestudy</title><secondary-title>PhytochemistryLetters</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PhytochemistryLetters</full-title></periodical><volume>30</volume><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>03/01</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.phytol.2019.02.027</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[16]hyperoside(Q3)、rutin(Q5)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)叶ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[14,16,17]quercetin(Q1)、isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、isoquercetin(Q4)、rutin(Q5)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)花ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Kicel</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>452</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[16]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>452</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615991592">452</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kicel,Agnieszka</author><author>Owczarek,Aleksandra</author><author>Gralak,Paulina</author><author>Ciszewski,Pawel</author><author>Olszewska,Monika</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Polyphenolicprofile,antioxidantactivity,andpro-inflammatoryenzymesinhibitionofleaves,flowers,barkandfruitsofCotoneasterintegerrimus:Acomparativestudy</title><secondary-title>PhytochemistryLetters</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PhytochemistryLetters</full-title></periodical><volume>30</volume><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>03/01</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.phytol.2019.02.027</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[16]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、rutin(Q5)、(+)catechin(Q13)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)树皮ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Kicel</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>452</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[16]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>452</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615991592">452</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kicel,Agnieszka</author><author>Owczarek,Aleksandra</author><author>Gralak,Paulina</author><author>Ciszewski,Pawel</author><author>Olszewska,Monika</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Polyphenolicprofile,antioxidantactivity,andpro-inflammatoryenzymesinhibitionofleaves,flowers,barkandfruitsofCotoneasterintegerrimus:Acomparativestudy</title><secondary-title>PhytochemistryLetters</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PhytochemistryLetters</full-title></periodical><volume>30</volume><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>03/01</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.phytol.2019.02.027</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[16]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、eriodictyol(Q10)、(+)catechin(Q13)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)C.bullatus叶ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[14,17]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、isoquercetin(Q4)、quercetin-3-O-(2''-O-xylosyl)galactoside(Q6)、rutin(Q5)、(+)catechin(Q13)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)果ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[11,15]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、isoquercetin(Q4)、quercetin-3-O-(2''-O-xylosyl)galactoside(Q6)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)C.zabelii叶ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[11,14,17]quercetin(Q1)、isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、isoquercetin(Q4)、(+)catechin(Q13)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)、quercetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside、quercetinrhamnose-hexosides、kaempferolrhamnoside果ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Kicel</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>451</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[15]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>451</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615991150">451</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kicel,Agnieszka</author><author>Kolodziejczyk-Czepas,Joanna</author><author>Owczarek,Aleksandra</author><author>Rutkowska,Magdalena</author><author>Wajs-Bonikowska,Anna</author><author>Granica,Sebastian</author><author>Nowak,Pawel</author><author>Olszewska,Monika</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>MultifunctionalPhytocompoundsinCotoneasterFruits:PhytochemicalProfiling,CellularSafety,Anti-InflammatoryandAntioxidantEffectsinChemicalandHumanPlasmaModelsInVitro</title><secondary-title>OxidativeMedicineandCellularLongevity</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>OxidativeMedicineandCellularLongevity</full-title></periodical><pages>1-16</pages><volume>2018</volume><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>10/24</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1155/2018/3482521</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[15]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、epicatechin(Q14)、proanthocyanidinB2(Q15)、proanthocyanidinC1(Q16)、C.mongolica叶ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Francisco</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>455</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[18]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>455</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615992267">455</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Francisco</author><author>Les</author><author>Víctor</author><author>López</author><author>Giovanni</author><author>Caprioli</author><author>Romilde</author><author>Iannarelli</author><author>Dennis</author><author>Fiorini</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Chemicalconstituents,radicalscavengingactivityandenzymeinhibitorycapacityoffruitsfromCotoneasterpannosusFranch</title><secondary-title>FoodFunction </secondary-title></titles><pages>1775-1784</pages><volume>8</volume><dates><year>2017</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[18]quercetin(Q1)、hyperoside(Q3)、astragalin(Q7)、biochaninA7-O-glucoside(sissotrin)(Q12)、C.pannosus果ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Gendaram</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>456</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[12]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>456</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615992362">456</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Gendaram,Odontuya</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>PhytochemicalsinleavesofCotoneastermongolica,theirantioxidative,andacetylcholinesteraseinhibitoryactivity</title><secondary-title>MongolianJournalofChemistry</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>MongolianJournalofChemistry</full-title></periodical><pages>1-6</pages><volume>20</volume><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>12/27</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.5564/mjc.v20i46.1235</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Gendaram</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>456</RecNum><record><rec-number>456</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615992362">456</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Gendaram,Odontuya</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>PhytochemicalsinleavesofCotoneastermongolica,theirantioxidative,andacetylcholinesteraseinhibitoryactivity</title><secondary-title>MongolianJournalofChemistry</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>MongolianJournalofChemistry</full-title></periodical><pages>1-6</pages><volume>20</volume><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>12/27</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.5564/mjc.v20i46.1235</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[12]hyperoside(Q3)、rutin(Q5)、naringenin(Q11)C.acuminatus根ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Sati</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>446</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[10]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>446</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615988363">446</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sati,S.C.</author><author>M.D.Sati</author><author>Sharma,A.</author><author>Joshi,M.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Isolationandcharecterisationofphenolicsfromtherootsofcotoneasteracuminatusanddeterminationoftheirantimicrobialactivity</title><secondary-title>InternationalJournalofPharmacyPharmaceuticalSciences</secondary-title></titles><pages>58-60</pages><volume>2</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2010</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[10]apigenin-7-O-glucoside(Q8)、3',4'-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone-7-O-rhamnoside(Q9)、epicatechin(Q14)、7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanol5-O-glucoside(25)C.melanocarpus根ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Holzer</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>458</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[19]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>458</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615992526">458</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Holzer,Veronika</author><author>Lower-Nedza,Agnieszka</author><author>Nandintsetseg,Myagmar</author><author>Batkhuu,Javzan</author><author>Brantner,Adelheid</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>AntioxidantConstituentsofCotoneastermelanocarpusLodd</title><secondary-title>Antioxidants</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Antioxidants</full-title><abbr-1>Antioxidants</abbr-1></periodical><pages>265-272</pages><volume>2</volume><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>10/24</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.3390/antiox2040265</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[19]isoquercitrin(Q2)、hyperoside(Q3)、rutin(Q5)C.nummularia枝ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Gokhan</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>460</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[20]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>460</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615992703">460</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Gokhan,Z.</author><author>Ahmet,U.</author><author>Erdogan,G.</author><author>Abdurrahman,A.</author><author>Annie,J.A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>SurveyofPhytochemicalCompositionandBiologicalEffectsofThreeExtractsfromaWildPlant(CotoneasternummulariaFisch.etMey.):APotentialSourceforFunctionalFoodIngredientsandDrugFormulations</title><secondary-title>PLoSONE</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PLoSONE</full-title></periodical><pages>1-13</pages><volume>9</volume><number>11</number><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[20]eriodictyol(Q10)、(+)catechin(Q13)、epicatechin(Q14)C.integerrimus枝ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Uysal</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>461</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[21]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>461</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615992796">461</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Uysal,Ahmet</author><author>Zengin,Gokhan</author><author>Mollica,Adriano</author><author>Gunes,Erdogan</author><author>Locatelli,Marcello</author><author>Yilmaz,Turgut</author><author>Aktumsek,Abdurrahman</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>ChemicalandBiologicalInsightsonCotoneasterintegerrimus:Anew(-)-epicatechinsourceforfoodandmedicinalapplications</title><secondary-title>Phytomedicine</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Phytomedicine</full-title></periodical><volume>23</volume><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>06/14</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.phymed.2016.06.011</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[21]quercetin(Q1)、eriodictyol(Q10)、epicatechin(Q14)、apigenin、hesperidin、C.meyeri叶ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Gök</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>462</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[22]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>462</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615992819">462</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Gök,Hasya</author><author>Gökbulut,Alper</author><author>UğurluAydın,Zübeyde</author><author>Dönmez,Ali</author><author>ErdoganOrhan,Ilkay</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Insightintoanticholinesteraseandantioxidantpotentialofthirty-fourRosaceaesamplesandphenoliccharacterizationoftheactiveextractsbyHPLC</title><secondary-title>IndustrialCropsandProducts</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>IndustrialCropsandProducts</full-title></periodical><pages>104-113</pages><volume>91</volume><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>07/15</date></pub-dates></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.06.029</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[22]rutin(Q5)图1.1蔷薇科植物中部分黄酮类化合物1.2.2三萜类及皂苷类化合物三萜类化合物可以看成是由异戊二烯或异戊烷以各种方式连结而成的一类天然化合物。三萜皂苷类化合物含量也很丰富，苷元的C-28的羧基与糖分子相连。在波长为245nm、365nm的紫外灯下检测不到部分三萜类物质的荧光，该类物质有降糖调脂、抗炎镇痛、免疫调控及保护心肝肾肺脏的作用ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[23-26]；自然界中天然植物甾醇共有250余种，有抗炎、降胆固醇功效ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>冯思敏</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>467</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[27]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>467</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="5aeat09sovfsp7ezrzk5xz982w2p20afee95"timestamp="1615993245">467</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>冯思敏</autho