2024年下半年四川省医护英语水平考试METS听力考试真题练习及答案

2024年下半年四川省医护英语水平考试METS听力考试练习题练习及答案PartA:ShortConversations(110)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearthequestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Conversation1W:Doctor,I’vehadapersistentcoughforthreeweeks.It’sworseatnight,andI’vebeenbringingupyellowphlegm.Ialsofeelabitfeverishlately.M:Letmecheckyourtemperature…37.8°C.Haveyouhadanychestpainorshortnessofbreath?W:Justaslighttightnessinmychest,butnotroublebreathing.M:Ithinkitmightbeacutebronchitis.Let’sdoasputumcultureandachestXraytoconfirm.Q1:Whatisthedoctor’sinitialdiagnosis?A)PneumoniaB)AcutebronchitisC)TuberculosisD)AsthmaattackConversation2M:NurseLi,thepatientinbed5,Mr.Wang,hadatotalkneereplacementyesterday.Hiswifejustaskedaboutwhenhecanstartphysicaltherapy.W:Accordingtotheprotocol,earlymobilizationiskey.Heshouldbegingentlerangeofmotionexercisestoday,supervisedbythephysiotherapist.Weightbearingcanstarttomorrowifhispainiscontrolled.M:Gotit.I’llinformhiswifethatthePTteamwillvisitthisafternoon.Q2:WhenshouldMr.Wangstartweightbearingexercises?A)TodayB)TomorrowC)ThedayaftertomorrowD)InthreedaysConversation3W:Pharmacist,Ineedtopickuptheprescriptionformymother.Shehasatrialfibrillation.Thedoctormentionedwarfarin,butIheardithasmanydruginteractions.M:Yes,warfarinrequiresregularINRmonitoring.We’veincludedalistoffoodstoavoid(likeleafygreens)andmedicationsthatcanincreasebleedingrisk.Also,remindhertoreportanybruisingorbloodinurine/stoolimmediately.Q3:Whatisthemainconcernaboutwarfarinmentionedhere?A)GastrointestinalsideeffectsB)RiskofexcessivebleedingC)LivertoxicityD)AllergicreactionsConversation4M:Emergencyroom,thisisNurseZhang.HowcanIhelp?W:Myhusbandcollapsedathome!He’s65,hasahistoryofhypertension.He’sunresponsive,notbreathingnormally—gaspingevery10seconds.M:Staycalm.StartCPRimmediately:30compressions,2breaths.We’redispatchinganambulancenow;it’llarrivein5minutes.Q4:Whatisthepriorityactionforthecaller?A)CheckforapulseB)AdministeraspirinC)PerformCPRD)ElevatethelegsConversation5W:Doctor,I’mhereformyannualphysical.Lastyear,mycholesterolwasborderlinehigh.ShouldIstartmedication?M:Let’slookatyourlatestbloodwork…Totalcholesterol220mg/dL,LDL145.Sinceyou’vebeenexercising3timesaweekandcuttingdownonsaturatedfats,let’strylifestylemodificationsfor3months.IfLDLdoesn’tdropbelow130,we’llconsiderstatins.Q5:Whatdoesthedoctorsuggestfirst?A)ImmediatestatintherapyB)ContinuinglifestylechangesC)Addingomega3supplementsD)FastingbloodglucosetestConversation6M:Nurse,myfatherhadastrokelastmonth.Hecanwalkabitwithacane,buthisrighthandisstillweak.Whenwillheregainhandfunction?W:Recoveryvaries,butthefirst36monthsarecritical.Occupationaltherapyfocusesonfinemotorskills—likeholdingaspoonorbuttoningashirt.Encouragehimtopracticedaily;evensmallimprovementsmatter.Q6:Whatisemphasizedforthepatient’shandrecovery?A)UsingadvancedmedicaldevicesB)DailypracticeoffinemotortasksC)HighintensitystrengthtrainingD)ShorteningrestperiodsbetweensessionsConversation7W:Doctor,my5yearoldhasasorethroatandarashonhischest.Therashfeelslikesandpaper.Coulditbestrep?M:Let’scheck.Histonsilsareswollenwithexudate,andtherashistypicalofscarletfever,whichiscausedbygroupAstrep.We’lldoarapidstreptest,andifpositive,prescribepenicillin.Q7:Whatisthelikelydiagnosis?A)MeaslesB)ScarletfeverC)HandfootmouthdiseaseD)RoseolaConversation8M:Nurse,thepatientinICUwithsepsisisonnorepinephrine.HisMAPis65now,buthisurineoutputhasdroppedto20mL/hforthepast2hours.W:Let’scheckhisCVP—centralvenouspressureis8mmHg,whichislow.Hemightneedafluidbolus.I’llinformtheattendingphysicianandprepare500mLofnormalsaline.Q8:Whatisthenurse’snextaction?A)IncreasenorepinephrinedosageB)AdministerafluidbolusC)CheckarterialbloodgasD)PerformabladderscanConversation9W:I’mpregnantwithmyfirstchild.ThedoctorsaidIhavegestationaldiabetes.Howdoesitaffectthebaby?M:Uncontrolledbloodsugarcanleadtomacrosomia(largebaby),whichincreasestheriskofCsectionandbirthinjuries.We’llmonitoryourglucose4timesadayandadjustyourdiet.Mostcasesresolveafterdelivery,butyou’llbeathigherriskfortype2diabeteslater.Q9:Whatisapotentialcomplicationofuntreatedgestationaldiabetes?A)PretermlaborB)NeuraltubedefectsC)MacrosomiaD)PlacentapreviaConversation10M:ThepatientwithCOPDisrefusingoxygentherapy,saying“It’smakingmedizzy.”WhatshouldIdo?W:COPDpatientscanhavehypercapnia;highflowoxygenmaysuppresstheirrespiratorydrive.Let’susealowflownasalcannulaat12L/minandmonitorSpO2.Also,explainthatdizzinesscouldbefromanxiety,nottheoxygen.Q10:WhyishighflowoxygenriskyforthisCOPDpatient?A)ItcausesoxygentoxicityB)ItmaysuppresstherespiratorydriveC)ItincreasescarbonmonoxidelevelsD)ItleadstopulmonaryedemaPartB:LongConversations(1116)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhear2longconversations.Eachconversationwillbefollowedbyseveralquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Conversation1(Questions1113)W:Dr.Liu,I’dliketodiscussMr.Chen,a72yearoldmaleadmittedwithchestpain.HisECGshowsSTdepressioninleadsII,III,aVF.TroponinIis0.8ng/mL(normal<0.04).M:So,nonSTelevationmyocardialinfarction(NSTEMI).What’shiscurrentmanagement?W:He’sonaspirin,clopidogrel,andheparin.Bloodpressureis130/85,heartrate78.Hereportsthepainhasdecreasedwithnitroglycerin.M:Good.Weneedtoassesshisrisk.TIMIscore:age72(1),knownCAD(1),aspirinuse(1),STdeviation(1),troponinelevation(1)—total5.Highrisk.Heshouldgotothecathlabwithin24hours.W:Hisfamilyisworriedabouttheprocedure.Shouldweexplaintherisksofdelayedintervention?M:Absolutely.Withoutrevascularization,hisriskofrecurrentMIordeathissignificantlyhigher.EmphasizethatPCI(percutaneouscoronaryintervention)reducestheserisks.Q11:Whatisthepatient’sdiagnosis?A)StableanginaB)STelevationMIC)NSTEMID)PericarditisQ12:WhatistheTIMIscoreforthispatient?A)3B)4C)5D)6Q13:WhyisPCIrecommended?A)ToreducetheriskofrecurrentMIordeathB)TotreatheartfailuresymptomsC)TolowerbloodpressureimmediatelyD)ToreverseSTsegmentchangesConversation2(Questions1416)M:NurseWang,let’sreviewMrs.Li’scareplan.She’s85,admittedwithahipfracturefromafall.Shehasdementiaandisveryagitated.W:Shetriedtogetoutofbedlastnight,whichcoulddislodgethesurgicalpin.Weappliedavestrestraint,butshe’sstillrestless.M:Restraintsshouldbealastresort.Let’strynonpharmacologicalapproachesfirst.Keepherroomwelllit,playsoftmusic,andhaveafamilymemberstaywithher.Ifthosefail,wecanconsiderlowdosehaloperidol,butmonitorforextrapyramidalsymptoms.W:Herdaughterisconcernedaboutsedationaffectinghercognition.M:Iunderstand.Thegoalistobalancesafetyandcomfort.Also,checkherpainlevel—uncontrolledpaincanincreaseagitation.ThePCApumpisset;maybesheneedsabolusdose.Q14:WhatistheprimaryissuewithMrs.Li?A)UncontrolledhypertensionB)AgitationandriskoffallsC)PostoperativeinfectionD)AcutekidneyinjuryQ15:Whatisthefirstrecommendedintervention?A)ApplyingphysicalrestraintsB)AdministeringhaloperidolC)NonpharmacologicalmeasuresD)IncreasingPCAdosageQ16:WhymightMrs.Libeagitatedaccordingtothedoctor?A)SideeffectsofantibioticsB)UncontrolledpainC)FearofthehospitalenvironmentD)WithdrawalfromhomemedicationsPartC:Passages(1725)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhear2passages.Eachpassagewillbefollowedbyseveralquestions.Thepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Passage1(Questions1720)Goodmorning,everyone.Today,we’lldiscussdiabetesmellitusmanagement,focusingontype2diabetes,whichaccountsfor9095%ofcases.Earlydetectioniskeybecausemanypatientsareasymptomaticorpresentwithsubtlesymptomslikeincreasedthirst,frequenturination,orunexplainedweightloss.Diagnosisreliesonfastingplasmaglucose(FPG≥126mg/dL),HbA1c≥6.5%,orrandomglucose≥200mg/dLwithsymptoms.Lifestylemodificationisthecornerstoneoftreatment.Patientsshouldaimfor150minutesofmoderateexerciseweekly,suchasbriskwalkingorcycling.Dietplaysacrucialrole—emphasizewholegrains,leanproteins,andnonstarchyvegetables,whilelimitingaddedsugarsandsaturatedfats.Forpatientswhocan’tachievetargetHbA1c(<7%)withlifestylechanges,metforministhefirstlinemedication.Itworksbyreducinghepaticglucoseproductionandimprovinginsulinsensitivity.Ifmetforminisinsufficient,otheragentslikeSGLT2inhibitorsorGLP1receptoragonistsmaybeadded.Thesenotonlylowerbloodsugarbutalsohavecardiovascularandrenalbenefits.Regularmonitoringisessential.Patientsshouldcheckfastingandpostprandialglucoseathome,andHbA1cevery36months.Educationonrecognizinghypoglycemia(shaking,sweating,confusion)andproperfootcare(dailyinspection,avoidingtightshoes)isalsocriticaltopreventcomplicationslikediabeticneuropathyorulcers.Q17:Whatpercentageofdiabetescasesaretype2?A)5060%B)7080%C)8090%D)9095%Q18:Whatisakeysymptomofearlytype2diabetes?A)ChestpainB)FrequenturinationC)BlurredvisionD)JointstiffnessQ19:Whatisthefirstlinemedicationfortype2diabetes?A)InsulinB)MetforminC)GLP1agonistsD)SGLT2inhibitorsQ20:Whyisfootcareeducationimportant?A)TopreventdiabeticretinopathyB)ToreducetheriskofhypoglycemiaC)ToavoiddiabeticneuropathyorulcersD)TomanagebloodpressurePassage2(Questions2125)Inrecentyears,telemedicinehasrevolutionizedhealthcareaccess,especiallyforruralandelderlypatients.A2023studyfoundthat78%ofpatientswithchronicconditions(e.g.,hypertension,diabetes)prefertelehealthforfollowupvisits,citingconvenienceandreducedtraveltime.Telemedicineinvolvesvideoconsultations,remotemonitoring,anddigitalcommunication.Forexample,apatientwithheartfailurecanuseawirelessscaletosenddailyweightdatatotheirprovider.Suddenweightgain(≥2kgin24hours)mayindicatefluidretention,promptingearlyinterventiontopreventhospitalization.However,challengesexist.Technicalbarriers—likepoorinternetconnectivityorlackofsmartphoneaccess—disproportionatelyaffectolderadults.There’salsoconcernaboutdiagnosticaccuracy:aprovidercan’tperformaphysicalexam,soredflagslikeabnormalheartsoundsorskinrashesmaybemissed.Ethicalconsiderationsincludepatientprivacy.Alltelehealthplatformsmustcomplywi