2026年英语四级阅读理解与词汇运用试题

2026年英语四级阅读理解与词汇运用试题第一部分：阅读理解（共3篇文章，每篇10题，每题2分，共60分）Passage1(10题，每题2分，共20分)主题：智慧城市与可持续发展背景：随着全球城市化进程加速，智慧城市建设成为各国政府关注的焦点。通过物联网、大数据等技术，智慧城市能够优化资源分配、改善环境质量、提升居民生活品质。然而，智慧城市建设也面临数据隐私、技术鸿沟等挑战。文章节选：Theconceptofasmartcityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,asurbanpopulationscontinuetosurgeglobally.ByleveragingtechnologiessuchastheInternetofThings(IoT)andartificialintelligence(AI),smartcitiesaimtoenhanceefficiencyintransportation,energymanagement,andpublicservices.Forinstance,smarttrafficsystemscanreducecongestionbyanalyzingreal-timedatafromsensors,whilesmartgridscanoptimizeelectricityconsumption.However,theimplementationofthesetechnologiesraisesconcernsaboutdataprivacyanddigitalinequality.Criticsarguethatwithoutpropersafeguards,sensitivecitizeninformationcouldbevulnerabletomisuse.Additionally,thehighcostofinfrastructuremayexacerbatedisparitiesbetweenwealthyandunderdevelopedregions.Despitethesechallenges,proponentsbelievethatsmartcitiesareessentialforsustainableurbandevelopment,providedthatethicalframeworksandinclusivepoliciesareestablished.题目：1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofsmartcities?A.Toincreasegovernmentrevenuethroughtechnology.B.Toimproveurbanlivingstandardsthroughinnovation.C.Topromoteindustrializationindevelopingcountries.D.Toreducerelianceontraditionalinfrastructure.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatproblemdoessmarttrafficsystemsaddress?A.Highelectricitybills.B.Trafficcongestion.C.Dataprivacyrisks.D.Environmentalpollution.3.Whatisamajorconcernraisedbycriticsofsmartcities?A.Joblossesduetoautomation.B.Unauthorizedaccesstocitizendata.C.Overdependenceonforeigntechnology.D.Inadequatefundingforprojects.4.Whatdoesthephrase"digitalinequality"referto?A.Thegapbetweenurbanandruralareasintechnologyaccess.B.Thedifferenceinsalariesbetweentechworkersandmanuallaborers.C.Thedisparityininternetspeedsbetweenrichandpoorneighborhoods.D.Thelackofdigitalliteracyamongoldercitizens.5.Whatistheauthor’sstanceonsmartcities?A.Unconditionallysupportive.B.Skepticalbutoptimistic.C.Neutralandobjective.D.Fullyopposedduetoethicalconcerns.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasabenefitofsmartcities?A.Reducedenergyconsumption.B.Improvedpublicsafety.C.Highertaxrevenues.D.Enhancedenvironmentalsustainability.7.Whatdoestheword"traction"inthefirstsentencemean?A.Popularity.B.Resistance.C.Decline.D.Failure.8.Whatdoes"exacerbate"implyinthecontextofthepassage?A.Mitigate.B.Worsen.C.Improve.D.Sustain.9.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbeprioritizedinsmartcitydevelopment?A.Profitabilityfortechcompanies.B.Ethicalconsiderationsandinclusivity.C.Rapidtechnologicaladoption.D.Governmentsubsidies.10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Smartcitiesareonlybeneficialforwealthynations.B.Technologyalonecannotsolveurbanproblems.C.Smartcitiesrequirecarefulplanningtoaddresschallenges.D.Urbanizationwilldeclineinthefuture.Passage2(10题，每题2分，共20分)主题：中国乡村振兴战略背景：中国政府近年来实施乡村振兴战略，旨在缩小城乡差距，促进农村经济发展。通过产业升级、基础设施建设、人才培养等措施，乡村振兴战略取得了显著成效，但也面临一些挑战。文章节选：China’sruralrevitalizationstrategyhasbeenacornerstoneofnationalpolicysince2018,focusingonboostingagriculturalproductivity,improvinglivingstandards,andpreservingculturalheritage.Onekeyinitiativeisthedevelopmentofruraltourism,whichleverageslocaltraditionsandnaturallandscapestoattractvisitors.Forexample,inYunnanProvince,ethnicminorityvillageshavebecomepopulartouristdestinations,generatingincomeforresidents.However,challengesremain,suchasagingpopulationsinruralareasandinsufficientaccesstohigh-qualityeducation.Additionally,environmentaldegradationinsomeregionsthreatenssustainabledevelopment.Toaddresstheseissues,thegovernmenthasproposedmeasureslikeinvestinginruralhealthcareandpromotingSTEMeducation.Criticsarguethatwithoutequitablelandreforms,thebenefitsofruralrevitalizationmaynotreachallfarmers.Nonetheless,thestrategyhasalreadytransformedmanyvillages,turningthemintomodelsofeconomicgrowthandculturalpreservation.题目：1.WhatisthemaingoalofChina’sruralrevitalizationstrategy?A.Toindustrializeruralareasrapidly.B.Toreduceurban-ruralinequality.C.Toincreaseurbanmigrationtoruralareas.D.Topromotetraditionalfarmingpractices.2.Howhasruraltourismcontributedtoruraleconomies?A.Byreducinggovernmentsubsidies.B.Byattractingforeigninvestment.C.Bycreatingnewjobs.D.Bydecreasingagriculturaloutput.3.Whatisamajorchallengefacedinruralareas?A.Overpopulation.B.Agingdemographics.C.Excessiveurbanization.D.Highagriculturalproductivity.4.Whatmeasureshasthegovernmenttakentoimproveruraleducation?A.Restrictingaccesstourbanschools.B.PromotingSTEMeducation.C.Reducingteachersalaries.D.Encouragingurbanschoolclosures.5.Whatdoesthephrase"ethnicminorityvillages"referto?A.Villageswithamajorityofnon-Chineseresidents.B.Villageswithahistoryofrebellion.C.Villageswithoutdatedinfrastructure.D.Villageswithloweconomicdevelopment.6.Whatisapotentialrisktosustainabledevelopmentinruralareas?A.Highpopulationdensity.B.Environmentaldegradation.C.Abundantnaturalresources.D.Strongcommunityties.7.Whatdoestheword"cornerstone"inthefirstsentencemean?A.Aweakpoint.B.Acentralelement.C.Atemporarysolution.D.Anoutdatedpolicy.8.Whatdoes"equitablelandreforms"imply?A.Privatizingallruralland.B.Ensuringfairlanddistribution.C.Restrictinglandownershiptoofficials.D.Eliminatinglandownership.9.Accordingtothepassage,whathasalreadybeenachievedthroughthestrategy?A.Completeurbanizationofruralareas.B.Reductioninruraltourism.C.Economictransformationofvillages.D.Eliminationofrural-urbandisparities.10.Whatistheauthor’stonetowardtheruralrevitalizationstrategy?A.Highlycritical.B.Supportivewithreservations.C.Indifferent.D.Uncertain.Passage3(10题，每题2分，共20分)主题：人工智能在医疗领域的应用背景：人工智能（AI）技术正在深刻改变医疗行业，从疾病诊断、药物研发到个性化治疗，AI的应用日益广泛。然而，AI医疗也引发了一些伦理和法律问题。文章节选：Artificialintelligencehasrevolutionizedthehealthcareindustry,offeringunprecedentedopportunitiesforimprovingpatientcare.AI-powereddiagnostictools,suchasAI-drivenimagingsystems,candetectdiseaseslikecanceratearlierstageswithhigheraccuracythantraditionalmethods.Additionally,AIalgorithmsarebeingusedtodevelopnewdrugsmoreefficiently,reducingthetimeandcostassociatedwithpharmaceuticalresearch.However,challengesremain,particularlyregardingdataprivacyandaccountability.Forinstance,ifanAIsystemmisdiagnosesapatient,whoisresponsible—thedevelopers,thehospitals,ortheAIitself?EthicalconcernsalsoarisewhenAIdecisionsmayperpetuatebiasespresentintrainingdata.Despitetheseissues,expertsbelievethatAIhasthepotentialtotransformhealthcare,providedthatregulatoryframeworksarestrengthenedandpublictrustismaintained.GovernmentsworldwidearenowworkingtoestablishguidelinestoensureAIinmedicineisusedresponsibly.题目：1.WhatistheprimaryimpactofAIonhealthcare?A.Increasedhealthcarecosts.B.Improveddiagnosticaccuracy.C.Reducedpatientsatisfaction.D.Decreaseddoctor-patientinteractions.2.HowdoesAIhelpindrugdevelopment?A.Byreplacinghumanresearchers.B.Byspeedinguptheprocess.C.Byincreasingdrugprices.D.Byeliminatingclinicaltrials.3.WhatisamajorethicalconcernaboutAIinmedicine?A.Highenergyconsumption.B.Dataprivacybreaches.C.Overrelianceontechnology.D.Lackofpatientconsent.4.Whatdoesthephrase"unprecedentedopportunities"mean?A.Limitedpossibilities.B.Unheard-ofchances.C.Feweralternatives.D.Establishedpathways.5.Whatistheresponsibilityissuementionedinthepassage?A.WhopaysforAIsystems.B.WhobenefitsfromAIinnovations.C.Whobearsliabilityforerrors.D.WhocontrolsAItechnology.6.Whatdoes"perpetuatebiases"imply?A.Eliminatingunfairness.B.Continuingdiscrimination.C.Reducingerrors.D.Improvingaccuracy.7.WhatisakeyfocusofcurrentgovernmenteffortsregardingAIinmedicine?A.EncouragingAIdevelopmentwithoutrestrictions.B.RestrictingAIuseinhealthcare.C.Establishingregulatoryguidelines.D.PromotingAIinmilitaryapplications.8.Whatdoestheword"frameworks"inthelastsentencereferto?A.Legalsystems.B.Hospitalpolicies.C.Technicalstandards.D.Patientguidelines.9.Accordingtothepassage,whathasAIalreadyachievedinhealthcare?A.Completeautomationofmedicalprocedures.B.Earlydiseasedetection.C.Eliminationofmedicalerrors.D.Universalhealthcarecoverage.10.Whatistheauthor’sviewonAIinmedicine?A.Fullysupportive.B.Cautiouslyoptimistic.C.Neutral.D.Stronglyopposed.第二部分：词汇运用（共10题，每题1分，共10分）主题：环境可持续发展背景：随着全球气候变化加剧，可持续发展成为各国关注的焦点。通过节能减排、绿色能源、循环经济等措施，人类正在努力应对环境挑战。题目：Fillineachblankwithonesuitableword(fromthebox)below.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.|Box:|sustainable|mitigate|emissions|renewable|conserve|pollution|biodiversity|climate|resources|depletion||||-|-|-|-|-|-||-|-|1.Governmentsareimplementingpoliciestoreducecarbon_______andcombatglobalwarming.2.Usingsolarenergyisawaytoachieve_______developmentinthelongterm.3.Protectingforestshelpstopreserve_______andmaintainecologicalbalance.4.Recyclingisanimportantpracticetoreducewaste_______.5.Manyscientistsbelievethatdeforestationwillworsenthe_______crisis.6.Itiscrucialto_______waterresourcestoensurefutureavailability.7.Thecompanyhasadoptedgreentechnologiesto_______itsenvironmentalimpact.8.Overfishinghasledtothe_______offishstocksinsomeregions.9.Citiesshouldinvestinpublictransportationtolowerair_______.10.Biodiversitylossthreatensthestabilityofecosystemsworldwide.答案与解析Passage1(阅读理解)1.B-Thepassagestatesthatsmartcitiesaimto"enhanceefficiencyintransportation,energymanagement,andpublicservices"toimproveurbanlivingstandards.2.B-Thetextmentionsthatsmarttrafficsystems"canreducecongestionbyanalyzingreal-timedatafromsensors."3.B-Critics"arguethatwithoutpropersafeguards,sensitivecitizeninformationcouldbevulnerabletomisuse."4.A-"Digitalinequality"referstothegapbetweenurbanandruralareasintechnologyaccess,asthepassagediscussesdisparitiesintechadoption.5.B-Theauthorsupportssmartcitiesbutnoteschallenges,makingthestance"skepticalbutoptimistic."6.C-Thepassagelistsbenefitslikereducedenergyconsumptionandenhancedsustainabilitybutdoesnotmentionhighertaxrevenues.7.A-"Traction"meanspopularityorattention,astheconceptofsmartcitieshasgainedsignificanttraction.8.B-"Exacerbate"meanstoworsen,asitreferstothehighcostofinfrastructuremakingdisparitiesworse.9.B-Thepassageemphasizestheneedfor"ethicalframeworksandinclusivepolicies"insmartcitydevelopment.10.C-Themainideaisthatsmartcitiesrequirecarefulplanningtoaddresschallengeslikedataprivacyandinequality.Passage2(阅读理解)1.B-Thestrategyaimsto"reduceurban-ruralinequality"byimprovingrurallivingstandards.2.C-Ruraltourism"generatesincomeforresidents"throughvisitorspending.3.B-Thepassagementions"agingpopulationsinruralareas"asachallenge.4.B-Thegovernmentproposes"promotingSTEMeducation"toimproveruraleducation.5.A-"Ethnicminorityvillages"refertovillageswithamajorityofnon-HanChineseresidents.6.B-Environmentaldegradationisa"potentialrisktosustainabledevelopment."7.