2026年全日制研究生入学英语考试综合练习题

2026年全日制研究生入学英语考试综合练习题第一部分：阅读理解（共4题，每题2分，共8分）题目1（2分）：阅读以下短文，回答问题："Greentechnologyhasbeengainingtractioninurbanplanning,especiallyinmegacitieslikeShanghai.Thecity'sgovernmentrecentlyannouncedapilotprogramtointegratesolarpanelsintopublicbuildings,aimingtoreducecarbonemissionsby20%withinfiveyears.Criticsarguethatsuchinitiativesarecostlyandmaynotyieldsignificantresults,butproponentshighlightthelong-termbenefitsforenergysustainability.AsimilarprojectwasimplementedinSingaporein2020,whichhasalreadycutitsrelianceonimportedfossilfuelsby30%.IfShanghai'sprogramsucceeds,itcouldsetaprecedentforotherdenselypopulatedareasinEastAsia."问题：WhatisthemainpurposeoftheShanghaigovernment'sinitiative?A)Toincreaserelianceonimportedfossilfuels.B)Tointegratesolarpanelsintopublicbuildings.C)Toreducecarbonemissionsby25%withinthreeyears.D)Tocriticizegreentechnology.答案：B解析：ThepassageexplicitlymentionsthatShanghai'sgovernmentisintegratingsolarpanelsintopublicbuildingstoreducecarbonemissions.OptionAisincorrectbecausetheprogramaimstoreducefossilfuelreliance.OptionCmisrepresentsthestatedgoal(20%,not25%).OptionDisunrelatedtothetext.题目2（2分）：Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestion:"TheHimalayanregionfacesseverewaterscarcityduetoclimatechange.Nepal,acountryheavilydependentonglacialmeltwater,hasbeenworkingwithIndiatodevelopajointwaterstorageproject.EnvironmentalistswarnthatrapidindustrializationinChina,upstream,couldfurtherdestabilizetheregion'secosystem.A2021studybytheInternationalWaterManagementInstitutefoundthat70%ofHimalayanglaciersareretreatingatanalarmingrate.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,expertspredictthatwateravailabilitycoulddropby40%by2050,affectingmillionsinSouthAsia."问题：WhatistheprimaryconcernaboutChina'sindustrializationintheHimalayanregion?A)Itmayleadtoeconomicgrowthintheregion.B)Itcoulddestabilizetheecosystem.C)Itwillincreasewaterstoragecapacity.D)Itisunrelatedtowaterscarcity.答案：B解析：ThepassagestatesthatrapidindustrializationinChinacoulddestabilizetheHimalayanecosystem,asconfirmedbyenvironmentalists.OptionAisincorrectbecausethefocusisonenvironmentalimpact,noteconomicbenefits.OptionCcontradictsthetext,whichhighlightsdecliningwaterstorage.OptionDisfalse,asindustrializationislinkedtowaterscarcity.题目3（2分）：Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestion:"Artificialintelligence(AI)hasrevolutionizedthehealthcareindustry,particularlyinremoteregionsofAfrica.AstartupinRwandahasdevelopedanAI-powereddiagnostictoolthatcanidentifydiseaseslikemalariaandtuberculosiswithinminutes,reducingrelianceonlabfacilities.However,localmedicalprofessionalsexpressconcernsaboutdataprivacyandthepotentialdisplacementoftraditionalhealers.A2022reportbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)suggeststhatwhileAIcanimproveefficiency,humanoversightremainsessentialtoensureaccuracy."问题：WhatisamajorchallengeofusingAIinhealthcareinAfrica?A)Itimproveslabfacilities.B)Itreducesdataprivacy.C)Itdisplacestraditionalhealers.D)Itistooexpensivetoimplement.答案：C解析：ThepassagementionsthatlocalmedicalprofessionalsworryaboutAIreplacingtraditionalhealers.OptionAisincorrectbecausethetoolreduceslabreliance,notimprovesit.OptionBisnotexplicitlystated;privacyconcernsarebroader.OptionDisnotdiscussedinthetext.题目4（2分）：Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestion:"TheEuropeanUnion'sGreenDealaimstomakethecontinentcarbon-neutralby2050.Oneofitskeycomponentsisthephasingoutofcoal-poweredplantsby2030.WhileGermany,withitsextensivecoalindustry,initiallyopposedtheplan,ithassinceshiftedstanceduetorisingrenewableenergycosts.A2023studybytheEuropeanEnvironmentAgencyfoundthat90%ofEUmemberstatesareontracktomeettheinitial2030targets.However,criticsarguethatthetransitioncoulddisproportionatelyharmlow-incomecommunitiesdependentoncoaljobs."问题：WhatisamajorchallengeoftheEU'sGreenDeal?A)Itistoocostlyforrenewableenergy.B)Itmayharmlow-incomecommunities.C)ItisnotsupportedbyGermany.D)Itlackssufficientcoalplants.答案：B解析：Thepassagehighlightsthatcriticsworryaboutthesocialimpactoncoal-dependentcommunities.OptionAisincorrectbecausethetextfocusesonjobdisplacement,notenergycosts.OptionCisoutdated,asGermanynowsupportsthedeal.OptionDcontradictsthegoalofreducingcoalusage.第二部分：完形填空（共5题，每题1分，共5分）题目5（1分）：Fillintheblankwiththebestword:"Therapidgrowthofe-commercehastransformedretail,forcingtraditionalstoresto______innovativestrategiestostaycompetitive."A)adoptB)ignoreC)reduceD)rely答案：A解析："Adopt"fitsthecontext,meaningtraditionalstoresmustusenewstrategies."Ignore"contradictstheneedforchange."Reduce"and"rely"donotmakelogicalsensehere.题目6（1分）：Fillintheblankwiththebestword:"Despitetheeconomicdownturn,thetechindustryhascontinuedto______investmentsinartificialintelligenceresearch."A)suspendB)allocateC)dismissD)minimize答案：B解析："Allocate"meanstodistributeresources,whichalignswiththetechindustry'sbehavior."Suspend"and"minimize"suggestreducedspending,while"dismiss"isirrelevant.题目7（1分）：Fillintheblankwiththebestword:"Thestudyfoundastrongcorrelationbetweenairpollutionand______inurbanpopulations."A)declineB)growthC)stabilityD)mortality答案：D解析："Mortality"(deathrates)isthemostlogicalconnectiontopollution."Decline,""growth,"and"stability"donotfitthecontext.题目8（1分）：Fillintheblankwiththebestword:"Climateactivistsarguethatgovernmentsmust______bindingagreementstoreducegreenhousegasemissions."A)ignoreB)negotiateC)enforceD)postpone答案：C解析："Enforce"(implementstrictly)matchestheactiviststance."Ignore,""negotiate,"and"postpone"contradictthedemandforaction.题目9（1分）：Fillintheblankwiththebestword:"Thecompany'snewpolicyaimsto______diversitywithinitsworkforcebyhiringmorewomenandminorities."A)promoteB)limitC)excludeD)ignore答案：A解析："Promote"(encourage)fitsthecontextofdiversityinitiatives."Limit,""exclude,"and"ignore"areantitheticaltothegoal.第三部分：翻译（共2题，每题2分，共4分）题目10（2分）：TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish:"中国政府致力于推动绿色能源发展，以应对气候变化带来的挑战。"答案：TheChinesegovernmentiscommittedtopromotingthedevelopmentofgreenenergytoaddressthechallengesposedbyclimatechange.解析：Thetranslationaccuratelyconveystheoriginalmeaning,usingformalandpreciselanguagesuitableforpolicycontexts.题目11（2分）：TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish:"随着全球化的深入，跨国公司在亚洲的影响力日益增强。"答案：Withthedeepeningofglobalization,theinfluenceofmultinationalcorporationsinAsiahasbeenincreasinglystrengthening.解析：ThetranslationmaintainstheoriginalstructurewhileensuringgrammaticalcorrectnessinEnglish.第四部分：写作（共1题，10分）题目12（10分）：Writeanessay(150-200words)onthetopic:"TheRoleofTechnologyinSus