外研版小学英语六年级上册知识点归纳总结

外研版小学英语六年级上册知识点归纳总结同学们，六年级上册的英语学习是小学阶段知识的深化与拓展，为初中学习打下坚实基础。这份归纳总结旨在帮助大家系统梳理本学期所学重点，查漏补缺，巩固提升。请大家结合课本和课堂笔记，认真理解并灵活运用。一、语音知识本册教材继续巩固已学的字母发音规则，并引入了一些常见的字母组合发音。1.字母组合发音：关注如"ea","ee","ir","ur","or","al","ow","oa","oo"等在单词中的常见发音。例如，"ea"在"tea"中发长音/i:/，在"bread"中发/e/；"ow"在"window"中发/əʊ/，在"brown"中发/aʊ/。2.重音：初步感知多音节单词的重音位置，这对正确朗读和理解单词含义有帮助。二、核心词汇词汇是语言的基石。请务必熟练掌握以下各类核心词汇，并能灵活运用。1.名词(Nouns)：*人物与职业：如artist,scientist,pilot,worker,doctor,teacher,driver,farmer,policeman,fireman,nurse,cook,friend,neighbour等。注意部分职业名词的性别差异及复数形式。*地点与场所：如hospital,school,park,supermarket,bookstore,cinema,museum,library,bank,restaurant,shop,home,house,room,street,city,country,world等。*物品与食物：如newspaper,magazine,dictionary,postcard,stamp,map,book,pen,pencil,bag,ruler,food,fruit,vegetable,meat,drink,rice,noodles,bread,milk,juice,water等。*抽象概念：如hobby,dream,future,time,day,week,month,year,season,weather,sport,game,music,art,science,PE,English,Chinese,Maths等。*自然与环境：如sun,moon,star,sky,cloud,wind,rain,snow,ice,river,lake,sea,mountain,tree,flower,grass,animal,plant等。2.动词(Verbs)：*情态动词：如can,can't,will,won't,would,should,shouldn't,may,might。重点掌握can(能力、许可),will(将来),should(应该)的用法。*助动词：do,does,did,have,has(用于完成时，但六年级上册主要是初步感知)。3.形容词与副词(Adjectives&Adverbs)：*形容词：如big,small,tall,short,long,young,old,new,old,good,bad,nice,fine,happy,sad,angry,hungry,thirsty,tired,full,hot,cold,warm,cool,rainy,sunny,cloudy,windy,snowy,clever,foolish,strong,weak,fast,slow,high,low,beautiful,ugly,expensive,cheap,many,much,some,any,few,little,all,both,every,each,same,different等。注意形容词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法(本册重点学习部分单音节词和少数双音节词的规则变化)。*副词：如fast,slowly,quickly,high,low,well,badly,very,too,so,quite,really,often,usually,sometimes,never,always,now,then,here,there,today,tomorrow,yesterday,early,late,hard等。了解副词如何修饰动词或形容词。4.介词(Prepositions)：in,on,at,under,behind,beside,near,nextto,infrontof,between,from,to,for,with,about,by,of,off,up,down,along,through等。理解并能运用这些介词表示时间、地点、方位、方式等。5.代词(Pronouns)：*人称代词：主格(I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they)，宾格(me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them)。*物主代词：形容词性(my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their)，名词性(mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs)。*指示代词：this,that,these,those。*不定代词：some,any,one,ones,many,much,alotof,lotsof。6.数词(Numerals)：*基数词：复习1-100的基数词，重点掌握几十几的表达。*序数词：掌握1-31的序数词及其缩写形式，了解其用于表示日期、顺序等。7.疑问词(QuestionWords)：what,who,whom,whose,which,when,where,why,how,howmany,howmuch,howold,howlong,howoften,howfar。理解其含义并能用于提出相应问题。三、基本句型与表达熟练掌握以下基本句型结构，能够进行简单的口头和书面交流。1.陈述句(Statements)*肯定句：主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数+其他。(e.g.,Ilikeapples.Heplaysfootballeveryday.)*否定句：主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他。(e.g.,Idon'tlikepears.Shedoesn'tgotoschoolonSundays.)（be动词、情态动词的否定直接在其后加not）2.疑问句(Questions)*一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?(e.g.,DoyoulikeEnglish?DoesheliveinBeijing?)（be动词、情态动词提前）*选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+选择部分?(e.g.,Doyouliketeaorcoffee?Ishetallorshort?)*反意疑问句：简单句,+be/助/情态动词+主语（代词）?(前肯后否，前否后肯)(e.g.,Heisastudent,isn'the?Youdon'tlikeit,doyou?)（本册对反意疑问句要求不高，了解基本形式即可）3.祈使句(ImperativeSentences)：用于表达命令、请求、建议等。*肯定：动词原形+其他.(e.g.,Openthedoor,please.Standup.)*否定：Don't+动词原形+其他.(e.g.,Don'ttalkinclass.Don'tbelate.)4.感叹句(ExclamatorySentences)：用于表达强烈的情感。*What+(a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!(e.g.,Whatabeautifulflower!Whatfineweather!)*How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!(e.g.,HowhappyIam!Howfastheruns!)四、语法要点本册语法知识在之前的基础上有所扩展和加深，需要重点理解和运用。1.一般现在时(SimplePresentTense)*用法：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态；表示客观事实或真理。*构成：*主语是第一、二人称及复数时，动词用原形。*主语是第三人称单数时，动词需加-s或-es(注意不规则变化，如have-has,go-goes,do-does)。*标志词：often,usually,sometimes,always,never,everyday/week/month/year,onSundays等。*否定句和疑问句：借助助动词do/does。2.一般过去时(SimplePastTense)*用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。*构成：动词用其过去式形式。*规则动词：在词尾加-ed(注意发音和拼写变化，如worked,played,liked,stopped,studied)。*不规则动词：需熟记其过去式(如go-went,eat-ate,see-saw,do-did,make-made,have-had,is/am-was,are-were)。*标志词：yesterday,lastnight/week/month/year,...ago,justnow,in+过去年份等。*否定句和疑问句：借助助动词did(did后动词用原形)。3.一般将来时(SimpleFutureTense)-begoingto结构*用法：表示计划、打算要做某事；表示根据迹象推测将要发生某事。*构成：主语+be(am/is/are)goingto+动词原形+其他。*否定句：在be动词后加not。*疑问句：将be动词提到主语前。*标志词：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,soon,thisafternoon/evening等。4.情态动词can,can't,will,would,should*can/can't：表示“能/会”、“可以/不可以”、“可能/不可能”。后接动词原形。*will/won't：表示“将要”、“愿意”。用于一般将来时，后接动词原形。*would：will的过去式，可用于表示过去的将来，或委婉请求(Wouldyoulike...?)。*should/shouldn't：表示“应该/不应该”，后接动词原形，用于提出建议或劝告。5.名词*复数：规则变化(加-s,-es)和不规则变化(如child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,mouse-mice,sheep-sheep,fish-fish)。*所有格：表示所属关系。单数名词后加's(Tom'sbook)；以s结尾的复数名词后加'(theteachers'office)；不规则复数名词后加's(children'stoys)。6.代词：重点掌握人称代词的主格、宾格形式；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别和用法。7.介词：熟练掌握常用介词的基本用法，特别是表示时间、地点、方位的介词(in,on,at,under,behind,beside,between,from,to,with等)。*用法：用于两者之间的比较。*构成：*单音节词和少数双音节词：*一般在词尾加-er(tall-taller,fast-faster)。*以不发音的e结尾的词加-r(nice-nicer,large-larger)。*以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i加-er(happy-happier,easy-easier)。*重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母加-er(big-bigger,hot-hotter,thin-thinner,fat-fatter)。*部分双音节词和多音节词：在词前加more(morebeautiful,moreinteresting)。*常用句型：A+be+形容词比较级+than+B.(e.g.,TomistallerthanMike.Thisbookismo