英语一般过去时语法专项训练题

英语一般过去时语法专项训练题在英语学习的旅程中，一般过去时无疑是我们最早接触且使用频率极高的时态之一。它如同一位忠实的记录者，帮助我们回溯并叙述发生在过去特定时间点的动作或存在的状态。掌握好一般过去时，不仅能让我们的表达更加精准，也是迈向更复杂时态学习的坚实基础。本次专项训练，我们将通过理论回顾与实战练习相结合的方式，助你彻底攻克一般过去时的重难点。一、一般过去时概览1.1定义与功能一般过去时主要用于表示在过去某个特定时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。这个“特定时间”可以是明确交代的，也可以是通过上下文暗示的。它所描述的动作或状态通常都已完成或结束，与现在没有直接的联系（除非有特别的语境，如间接引语等，但这属于进阶用法）。例如：*Shefinishedherhomeworklastnight.(明确时间状语)*Theywereveryhappy.(状态，时间可由上下文推断)1.2构成方式1.2.1规则动词的过去式大多数动词的过去式是在其原形后加-ed构成。具体变化规则如下：*一般情况：直接加-ed。如：work→worked,play→played。*以不发音的字母e结尾：直接加-d。如：live→lived,love→loved。*以辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i再加-ed。如：study→studied,carry→carried。（注意：若y前是元音字母，则直接加-ed，如：play→played）*以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stop→stopped,plan→planned。发音规则简述：*在清辅音后，-ed读作/t/。如：worked/wɜːkt/。*在浊辅音和元音后，-ed读作/d/。如：played/pleɪd/,lived/lɪvd/。*在/t/和/d/音后，-ed读作/ɪd/。如：wanted/ˈwɒntɪd/,needed/ˈniːdɪd/。1.2.2不规则动词的过去式英语中存在大量不规则动词，它们的过去式没有统一的构成规则，需要逐个记忆。这些动词往往是日常交流中的核心词汇，因此务必下功夫掌握。例如：go→went,see→saw,eat→ate,have→had,do→did,is/am→was,are→were。1.2.3否定句与疑问句的构成*否定句：*对于be动词(was/were)：直接在其后加not。如：Hewasnot(wasn't)athome.Theywerenot(weren't)happy.*对于实义动词：需借助助动词did+not(缩写为didn't)，动词用原形。如：Shedidn'twatchTVlastnight.Ididn'tfinishmywork.*疑问句：*对于be动词(was/were)：将be动词置于句首。如：Washeathome?Weretheyhappy?*对于实义动词：需借助助动词did置于句首，动词用原形。如：DidshewatchTVlastnight?Didyoufinishyourwork?二、常用时间状语一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用，这些状语是判断是否使用一般过去时的重要标志。常见的有：yesterday(昨天),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),lastnight(昨晚),lastweek/month/year(上周/月/年),ago(……以前，如threedaysago三天前),in+过去的年份(如in2020),justnow(刚才),atthattime(在那时),when引导的时间状语从句(当从句用一般过去时，主句也常用一般过去时)等。三、专项训练题Exercise1:用所给动词的适当形式填空(Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthegivenverbs.)1.She______(visit)hergrandparentslastweekend.2.They______(notplay)footballyesterdaybecauseitrained.3.______you______(see)themovielastnight?Itwasveryinteresting.4.Myfather______(read)anewspaperafterdinneryesterdayevening.5.Thechildren______(be)veryexcitedattheparty.6.He______(study)Frenchforthreeyears,buthestillcan'tspeakitfluently.(提示：此处强调过去的动作，与现在无关)7.We______(go)tothebeachand______(swim)inthesealastsummer.8.Thelittlegirl______(cry)becauseshe______(lose)hertoy.9.Tom______(notdo)hishomeworkyesterday,sohisteacher______(be)angry.10.I______(meet)anoldfriendinthestreetthismorning.(提示：thismorning如果说话时上午已过，则用过去时)Exercise2:句型转换(SentenceTransformation)将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句，并作肯定/否定回答。1.Hefinishedhisworkontime.*否定句：_____________________________________*一般疑问句：_________________________________*肯定回答：___________________________________*否定回答：___________________________________2.Theywereintheclassroomjustnow.*否定句：_____________________________________*一般疑问句：_________________________________*肯定回答：___________________________________*否定回答：___________________________________Exercise3:改错(ErrorCorrection)下列句子中均有一处错误，请找出并改正。1.Igototheparkwithmyfamilyyesterday._____________________________________2.Shedidn'twrotealettertoherpenpal._____________________________________3.Wasyoulateforschoolthismorning?_____________________________________4.Theybuysomebooksinthebookstorelastweekend._____________________________________5.Hewasseeabirdinthetreejustnow._____________________________________Exercise4:汉译英(Chinese-EnglishTranslation)1.我昨天早上七点起床。_____________________________________2.她去年夏天去了北京。_____________________________________3.他们在聚会上玩得很开心吗？_____________________________________4.我的妈妈昨晚没有看电视，她读了一本书。_____________________________________5.——你上周末做什么了？——我去看望了我的叔叔。__________________________________________________________________________四、参考答案与解析Exercise1:用所给动词的适当形式填空1.visited(lastweekend是过去时标志，visit的过去式直接加-ed)2.didn'tplay(yesterday是过去时标志，实义动词的否定借助didn't，动词用原形)3.Did,see(lastnight是过去时标志，实义动词的疑问句借助did，动词用原形)4.read(yesterdayevening是过去时标志，read的过去式与原形同形，发音为/red/)5.were(描述过去的状态，children是复数，用were)6.studied(提示表明是过去的动作，study的过去式是studied)7.went,swam(lastsummer是过去时标志，go的过去式是went，swim的过去式是swam)8.cried,lost(主从句动作均发生在过去，cry的过去式是cried，lose的过去式是lost)9.didn'tdo,was(yesterday是过去时标志，第一个空实义动词否定用didn'tdo；第二个空主语是histeacher，单数，用was)10.met(thismorning说话时已过，meet的过去式是met)Exercise2:句型转换1.Hefinishedhisworkontime.*否定句：Hedidn'tfinishhisworkontime.*一般疑问句：Didhefinishhisworkontime?*肯定回答：Yes,hedid.*否定回答：No,hedidn't.2.Theywereintheclassroomjustnow.*否定句：Theywerenot(weren't)intheclassroomjustnow.*一般疑问句：Weretheyintheclassroomjustnow?*肯定回答：Yes,theywere.*否定回答：No,theyweren't.Exercise3:改错1.go→went(yesterday提示用过去时，go的过去式是went)2.wrote→write(didn't后应接动词原形)3.Was→Were(主语是you，过去时对应的be动词是were)4.buy→bought(lastweekend提示用过去时，buy的过去式是bought)5.wassee→saw(see是实义动词，其过去式是saw，不需要再加was；wasseen是被动语态，但此处语境不符)Exercise4:汉译英1.Igotupatseveno'clockyesterdaymorning.(昨天早上七点是过去的时间，“起床”getup的过去式是gotup)2.ShewenttoBeijinglastsummer.(去年夏天lastsummer，“去”go的过去式是went)3.Didtheyhaveagoodtimeattheparty?/Didtheyenjoythemselvesattheparty?(“玩得开心”可以用haveagoodtime或enjoyoneself，过去时疑问句用did)4.Mymotherdidn'twatchTVlastnight;shereadabook.(两个分句均为过去时，否定用didn'twatch，“读了一本书”readabook，read过去式read/red/)5.—Whatdidyoudolastweekend?—Ivisitedmyuncle.(问句“做什么”用whatdidyoudo，答句“看望”visit的过去式是visited)