2026年研究生英语入学考试阅读理解题

2026年研究生英语入学考试阅读理解题Part1:MultipleChoice(每题2分，共10题)Passage1(TheFutureofRenewableEnergyinChina)TherapiddevelopmentofrenewableenergyhasbecomeacornerstoneofChina'sstrategytoachievecarbonneutralityby2060.AccordingtoarecentreportbytheNationalEnergyAdministration,solarandwindpoweraccountedforover40%ofthecountry'stotalnewenergycapacityin2025.However,challengesremainintermsofstorageandgridintegration.Oneofthemostpromisingsolutionsistheintegrationofrenewableenergywithadvancedbatterytechnologies.CompanieslikeCATLandBYDhavemadesignificantbreakthroughsinlithium-ionbatteryefficiency,reducingcostsbynearly30%overthepastfiveyears.Meanwhile,thegovernmenthasannouncedsubsidiesforwindandsolarprojectsinremoteregions,aimingtobalancesupplyanddemand.Criticsarguethatsuchpoliciesmayleadtoovercapacity,butexpertsbelievethelong-termbenefitsoutweighshort-termrisks.AsChinamovestowardagreenereconomy,internationalcooperationalsoplaysavitalrole.TheBeltandRoadInitiativehasfacilitatedtheexportofrenewabletechnologiestodevelopingcountries,fosteringglobalsustainability.However,geopoliticaltensions,suchastheU.S.-Chinatradewar,coulddisruptsupplychainsandslowdownprogress.Despitethesehurdles,thefutureofrenewableenergyinChinaremainsbright.Withcontinuedinnovationandpolicysupport,thecountryispoisedtoleadtheglobaltransitiontocleanenergy.Questions:1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.Theeconomicimpactofrenewableenergy.B.ThechallengesofintegratingrenewableenergyintoChina'sgrid.C.Theroleofbatterytechnologyinrenewableenergydevelopment.D.Thegovernmentpoliciessupportingrenewableenergyprojects.(Answer:B)2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernaboutgovernmentsubsidiesforwindandsolarprojects?A.Theymayreduceinnovationinbatterytechnology.B.Theycouldleadtoovercapacityintherenewablesector.C.Theyareinsufficienttomeetthecountry'senergydemands.D.Theyrelytooheavilyoninternationalpartnerships.(Answer:B)3.HowdoestheBeltandRoadInitiativecontributetorenewableenergydevelopment?A.ItprovidesfundingforrenewableprojectsinChina.B.Itfacilitatestheexportofrenewabletechnologies.C.Itencouragesdomesticinvestmentincleanenergy.D.Itreducesrelianceonimportedfossilfuels.(Answer:B)4.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutChina'srenewableenergyfuture?A.Itwillrelysolelyongovernmentsubsidiesforgrowth.B.Itfacessignificantgeopoliticalchallengesbutremainsoptimistic.C.Itwilloutpaceglobalrenewableenergyadvancements.D.Itwillslowdownduetotradedisputes.(Answer:B)5.Whatistheauthor'stonetowardrenewableenergyinChina?A.Skepticalandcritical.B.Neutralandobjective.C.Supportiveandoptimistic.D.Indifferentanddismissive.(Answer:C)Passage2(TheImpactofUrbanizationonIndianAgriculture)UrbanizationhasbeentransformingIndia'srurallandscapeatanunprecedentedrate.Overthepastdecade,thecountryhasaddedmillionsofpeopletoitsurbanpopulation,leadingtoadeclineinarablelandandashiftinagriculturalpractices.AstudybytheIndianCouncilforResearchonInternationalEconomicRelations(ICRIER)foundthatforeveryonepercentincreaseinurbanization,agriculturaloutputdecreasesby0.5%.OneofthemostaffectedregionsistheIndo-GangeticPlain,India'sbreadbasket.Ascitiesexpand,fertilelandisconvertedintoresidentialandcommercialareas,reducingthecountry'sfoodsecurity.Farmersareforcedtoadoptintensivefarmingmethodstomaximizeyields,whichoftenleadstosoildegradationandwaterscarcity.However,urbanizationalsopresentsopportunitiesforagriculture.Theriseofe-commercehascreatednewmarketsfororganicandspecialtycrops.PlatformslikeFarm2TableandBigBasketallowfarmerstoselldirectlytoconsumers,bypassingtraditionalintermediaries.Additionally,urbanagribusinessesareemerging,suchasverticalfarmsinMumbaiandDelhi,whichusehydroponicstogrowvegetablesyear-round.Despitetheseinnovations,challengespersist.Thelackofaccesstocreditandtechnologyremainsabarrierformanysmallfarmers.ThegovernmenthasintroducedschemeslikethePradhanMantriFasalBimaYojanatoprovideinsurancecoverage,butcoverageratesarestilllow.Inthelongterm,India'sagriculturalsectormustadapttothechangingurbanlandscape.Sustainablepracticesandtechnologicalintegrationwillbekeytoensuringfoodsecurityinarapidlyurbanizingnation.Questions:6.WhatistheprimaryconsequenceofurbanizationinIndia?A.Increasedagriculturalproductivity.B.Reducedarablelandandfoodsecuritychallenges.C.Greateraccesstourbanmarketsforfarmers.D.Improvedruralinfrastructure.(Answer:B)7.Howaree-commerceplatformsbenefitingIndianfarmers?A.Theyprovidesubsidiesforagriculturalequipment.B.Theyenabledirectsalestoconsumers,reducingintermediaries.C.Theyofferfreelandforurbanfarmingprojects.D.Theyfundruraldevelopmentprograms.(Answer:B)8.WhatisamajorchallengeforsmallfarmersinIndia?A.Highcropyields.B.Limitedaccesstocreditandtechnology.C.Excessivegovernmentsupport.D.Overpopulationinruralareas.(Answer:B)9.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutIndia'sfutureagriculturalpolicies?A.Theywillfocussolelyonurbanagribusiness.B.Theywillprioritizesustainableandtech-drivenfarming.C.Theywillignoretheimpactofurbanization.D.Theywillrelyentirelyongovernmentinsuranceschemes.(Answer:B)10.Whatistheauthor'sperspectiveonurbanizationinIndia?A.Itisentirelynegativeforagriculture.B.Itoffersbothchallengesandopportunities.C.Itwilleventuallyleadtothecollapseofruralfarming.D.Itisirreversibleandshouldbeencouraged.(Answer:B)Part2:ClozeTest(每题2分，共5题)Passage3(TheEvolutionofWorkintheDigitalAge)Thedigitalrevolutionhastransformedthenatureofworkinwaysunimaginableafewdecadesago.Automation,artificialintelligence(AI),andthegigeconomyhavereshapedindustries,forcingworkerstoadaptorriskobsolescence.AreportbytheMcKinseyGlobalInstitutesuggeststhatupto800millionjobsgloballymayneedtobereallocatedby2030duetotechnologicaladvancements.Oneofthemostsignificantchangesistheriseofremotework.TheCOVID-19pandemicacceleratedthistrend,withcompanieslikeGoogle,Microsoft,andTeslaadoptinghybridworkmodels.Proponentsarguethatremoteworkincreasesproductivityandwork-lifebalance,whilecriticspointtochallengeslikeisolationandreducedteamcohesion.Anothertrendistheemergenceofthegigeconomy.PlatformslikeUber,Upwork,andTaskRabbithavecreatedflexiblejobopportunitiesbutoftenlacktraditionalbenefitssuchashealthinsuranceandretirementplans.Workersinthissectorfaceuncertaintyandinstability,raisingconcernsaboutlaborrights.Educationandskilldevelopmenthavebecomecrucialinthisnewlandscape.Governmentsandcorporationsareinvestinginreskillingprogramstohelpworkerstransitiontodigitalroles.Forexample,theEuropeanUnion'sSkillsAgendaaimstotrain60%ofadultsinupskillingorreskillingby2025.Despitethechallenges,thefutureofworkinthedigitalageisnotentirelybleak.Newjobcategories,suchasAIethicistsanddatascientists,areemerging,offeringhigh-demandroleswithcompetitivesalaries.Thekeyforworkersistostayagileandcontinuouslyupdatetheirskillstoremainrelevant.Questions:11.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconsequenceoftechnologicaladvancements?A.Increasedjobsecurity.B.Jobreallocationduetoautomation.C.Higherwagesforallworkers.D.Reducedwork-lifebalance.(Answer:B)12.Whataretheadvantagesofremotework?A.Improvedteamcollaboration.B.Increasedproductivityandflexibility.C.Betterwork-lifebalance.D.Greaterjobsecurity.(Answer:B)13.Whatisasignificantconcernaboutthegigeconomy?A.Highjobsatisfaction.B.Lackoftraditionalbenefits.C.Limitedjobopportunities.D.Excessivegovernmentregulation.(Answer:B)14.WhatistheEuropeanUnion'sSkillsAgendaaimingtoachieve?A.Increaseunemploymentrates.B.Train60%ofadultsinreskillingorupskilling.C.Eliminatetraditionaljobs.D.Promotegigeconomyemployment.(Answer:B)15.Whatistheauthor'smessageaboutthefutureofwork?A.Itwillbecomemorestableandpredictable.B.Workersmustadapttostayrelevant.C.Technologywilleliminatealljobs.D.Remoteworkistheonlysolution.(Answer:B)Part3:SummaryCompletion(每题2分，共5题)Passage4(ClimateChangeandCoastalCitiesinSoutheastAsia)SoutheastAsiaisoneofthemostvulnerableregionstoclimatechange,withcoastalcitieslikeBangkok,Jakarta,andManilafacingrisingsealevelsandextremeweatherevents.AstudybytheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)predictsthatsealevelscouldrisebyupto1meterby2050,threateningmillionsofpeopleintheregion.Oneofthemosturgentchallengesisflooding.InJakarta,forexample,40%ofthecityisbelowsealevel,makingithighlysusceptibletoinundation.ThegovernmenthasinvestedininfrastructureprojectsliketheJakartaFloodControlSystem,butcriticsarguethesesolutionsareinsufficientandcostly.Anotherconcernisthedegradationofcoastalecosystems.Mangroves,whichactasnaturalbarriersagainststorms,arebeingclearedforhousingandaquaculture.Thelossoftheseecosystemsexacerbatestheimpactofclimatechange,leavingcoastalcommunitiesmorevulnerable.Mitigationeffortsareunderway,buttheyrequireinternationalcooperation.TheASEANClimateChangeAdaptationFundprovidesfinancialsupportforprojectslikemangroverestorationinthePhilippines.However,fundinggapsremainsignificant,andmoreneedstobedonetoprotecttheregion'scoastalcities