2025-2026学年北京市朝阳区高三（上期）期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

第1页/共1页2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语2026.1(考试时间90分钟满分100分)本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。YesterdayIwasflyinghomeafteraweekaway.We1ourflightandleftontime,butwhenwereachedthedestination,weweretoldthepilotswereflyingustoasmallerairportbecauseofbadweather.Whenwedeplaned,Ifiguredoutitwasmorethanoneplanethathadbeendiverted(改变航线).Everybodywas2wheretheydidn’twanttobe.Peoplewerealltryingtogetonthefewflightsleavingthatevening.Ikeptcheckingmyphone,onlytodiscoverIhadbeenrebookedonaflight.Yay!Irantothenewgate,choseaseat,andscarfedmysnackssinceIhadn’teatenlunch.Soon,myrowwas3bya20-somethingwomaninthemiddle.She4aconversation,andsaidthatshefelt5becauseshehadatightconnectingflight.Ifshe6it,she’dstayovernightintheairport.Nothavingeatenallday,sheaskediftherewouldbeanywheretobuyfoodwhenwearrivedat9:45p.m.Itoldhermanyplaceswouldn’tbeopenthatlate.Then,Ihandedhertworicebars,7shedidn’tfindfoodbeforehernextflight.Shewas8,holdingthesnackswithhervoiceshakingalittle.“Really?Whatareyougoingtoeat?”ItoldherI’dbehomeanhourafterwelandedandIalreadyknewdinnerwouldbe9.Butshecouldbetravelingallnight.Thecrewturnedthelightsoffinthecabin,andI10listenedtothebarscrunching(嘎吱地嚼)forminutes.SheneededthemalotmorethanIdid!Andyes,whenIgothomeacoupleofhourslater,therewasabowlofwarmnoodlesforme.1.A.changedB.delayedC.boardedD.canceled2.A.stuckB.draggedC.hiddenD.invited3.A.visitedB.joinedC.blockedD.reserved4.A.cutinB.brokeoffC.keptupD.struckup5.A.boredB.shockedC.worriedD.confused6.A.lostB.madeC.foundD.missed7.A.evenifB.asthoughC.sothatD.incase8.A.inspiredB.touchedC.satisfiedD.interested9.A.wastedB.packedC.waitingD.cooling10.A.happilyB.curiouslyC.confidentlyD.gratefully第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AOnOctober1,JaneGoodallpassedaway11(natural)attheageof91.Shewasfamousforbeingthefirsttoobservechimpanzeesusetoolstocatchtermites(白蚁)inTanzania.From1985onwards,shecampaignedtirelessly12(protect)chimpanzees’habitats,whichmadeheralegendaryfigurewhosestoryfeaturesinChinesetextbooks.Besides,sheinspiredgenerationstocarefornature,13(prove)oneperson’spassionandperseverancecandrivemeaningfulchangefortheplanet.BAlthoughpositiveenergyissometimesviewedasanabstractidea,itcanbeapproachedfromvariousperspectives.Spiritually,positiveenergyisoftenassociatedwithinnerpeace.Scientifically,energycanbemeasured14brainwavesandstresshormones.Sofar,research15(show)ourmentalstatesdirectlyinfluenceouremotion.So,focusingonpositiveenergy,wefosterageneralsenseofwell-being.Environmentalsomatters.Choosingtheveryenvironment16offerscalmnessandinspiration,youcansignificantlyimproveyourenergylevels.CScientistsfoundtheoldestandmostcompletesetoffossilsofadome-headed(圆顶头)dinosaur17(call)apachycephalosaur.Pachycephalosaurswereplant-eatingdinosaursknownfortheirthickdomes.Thefossils18(discover)inMongoliain2019.Theyincludeacompleteskull,whosedomewasfullygrown,suggestingthatthecreatureslikelypractisedhead-hittingbeforematurity.Thesample,whichisbetween108millionand115millionyearsold,19(represent)anewspeciesandcanthrowlighton20thesecreaturesdeveloped.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThePlantaformIndoorGardenisa26-inch-tallegg-shapedsmartgardenthatmakesgrowingfresh,organicvegetablessimple,allyearround.Withnoneedforsunlightorsoil,justaddwaterandnutrients,andthesystem’sautonomousfeaturestakecareoftherest—monitoringwaterlevels,temperature,andlighting,ensuringfreshfoodforhomewithlittleeffort.HowdoesthePlantaformwork?NutrientAbsorption:Bycreatinganutrient-richfogfromwaterandnutrients,thesystemdeliversessentialnutritiondirectlytotheplants’roots,resultinginhealthierandfaster-growingplants.Built-inTechnology:ThePlantaformisequippedwithsensorsthatmonitorkeyenvironmentalfactorssuchastemperature,fanspeed,andlightlevels.ThesmartLEDlightsinitcanimitate(模仿)naturalsunlight,ensuringyourplantsreceiveconsistentlightingevenduringthedarkestwintermonths,regardlessofoutdoorconditions.App-controlled:YoucanmanageasmanyPlantaformIndoorGardensasyouwishfromthesamePlantaformAccount.Whetherathomeorinaworkplace,youcancontrolallyourgardensconvenientlywithintheapp,andreceivetailorednotifications:whenit’stimetoremovetheprotectivecovertoallowyouryoungplantstogrowintheopenair.whenit’stimetorefillthewatertanks,ensuringyourplantsalwayshaveenoughwater.whenyourplantsarereadytobeharvested,soyoucanenjoyfreshproduceatitspeak.whenit’stimetorunaQuickCleaningCycleaftereachgrowthcycleends.Ifyouhavefurtherquestions,pleasefeelfreetoreachouttousatsupport@.We’reheretohelpyougrowwithconfidenceandsuccess!21.WiththePlantaform,userscan__________.A.operateasoil-basedgardenB.plantvegetablesonceayearC.harvestfoodwithhardworkD.growplantswithoutsunlight22.HowdoesthePlantaformwork?A.Itsendsnutritiontotheplants’roots.B.Itadjustslightingtooutdoorconditions.C.Itexaminestheplants’healthwithsensors.D.Itrequiresseparateaccountsforeachgarden.23.ThePlantaformappwillsendanotificationwhen__________.A.thewatertankistoofullB.theproduceisperfectlyripeC.aQuickCleaningCycleendsD.thegardenneedsmovingoutsideBLikemanyparents,wecanonlyputoffourkids’askingforadogsolonguntilwefinallygivein.Lastfallwelookedthroughdog-rescuewebsitesand,beforelong,adoptedEtti,aspottedDalmatian.ItwasroughatfirstbecausealthoughEttiisasweet,lovingdogwithus,she’shighlyreactivetoanythingelsethatmoves—people,dogs,cats,etc.Thankfully,we’vefoundanexcellenttrainer.OnachallengingtrainingsessionduringwhichIbecamefrustrated,hesaid:“Sir,youdon’tgetthedogyouwant.Yougetthedogyouneed.”Irememberthinkingtomyself,“Need?DoIreallyneedananxious,high-strungDalmatian?”Infact,thelastthingIneededwasmorestressinmyalreadystress-filledlife.Yet,overtime,I’vecometoappreciatethewisdomofthisexpression.WhenItookEttionawalktheotherday,mywholebodytensedup,scanningtheenvironmentforpossibledanger.Anunsuspectingpasser-bycrossedthestreettowardusandEttibarkedloudly.Isaidtoher,“You’resoworkeduptoday,Etti.What’sgoingon?”AndthenithitmethatthroughoutourwalkI’dbeentheonewhowastenseandworriedaboutthedayahead.Intheend,maybeEttiwasjustactingoutwhatIwasfeeling,servingasagoodreminderthatIneedtopayattentiontomymoodsandhowtheyaffectthose—bothdogsandhumans—aroundme.AnothernotablethingaboutEttiistheeasewithwhichsheshiftsfromonemoodtothenext.Ettidoesn’tkeepthinkingaboutwhathappenedlastweek,yesterday,oreventwominutesago.Eachmomentforherisanew“now”.Thisisn’ttosaythatshe’snotaffectedbyherpast.Ettiisarescuesowhoknowswhatshehadtodealwithinherpreviouslife.However,shedoesnotletitdragherdownanddeterminewhatcomesnext,unlikemostofushumans.WhenwewereconsideringadoptingEttilastfall,wereadthroughherdescriptionontherescuesiteandgotagoodlaughatthestatementthatshewouldneedhelp“beingthebestdogshecanbe.”Yet,wehadneverthoughtthatshewasactuallytheonethatguidedustobethebetterhumans.24.WhatbotheredtheauthorshortlyafteradoptingEtti?A.Etti’shistoryasarescue.B.Etti’ssensitivitytomovingthings.C.Etti’sneedforprofessionaltraining.D.Etti’sinabilitytogetalongwiththefamily.25.Howdidtheauthorfeeluponhearingthetrainer’swords?A.Empowered.B.Hopeless.C.Appreciative.D.Unconvinced.26.WhatdoesthestorytellusaboutEtti?A.Sheremindedherownertocareaboutothers.B.Shegotmoodyeasilyafterreceivingtraining.C.Shemirroredherowner’sinneremotionalstate.D.Shewasfreefromtheimpactofherpastexperience.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Everydoghasitsday.B.Loveme,lovemydog.C.Misfortunebetterscharacter.D.Withunexpectedwisdom,werise.CWhat’sthefirstthingyounoticewhenyoustepintoamuseum?Isitthelong-fadedcolorsofancientobjectsfromallaroundtheworldorthewhisperedsoundsofvisitorsdiscussingwhattheysee?Museumsallowustoindirectly“experience”thepastbytappingintoourprimarysenses,suchassightorhearing,butmoreoftenthannot,smellismissing.Wedon’tthinkaboutsmellwhenstudyingthepast.Oneoftheproblemsisthatitisincrediblyhardtostudy.Thescents(香味)andsmellshadalreadybeengonebeforearchaeologists(考古学家)couldcomeandstudythesites.“Newchemicalandbiomolecular(生物分子)methodsinarchaeologyhavekindofreopenedthedoortocontinuetostudythesethings.Ofcourse,whatwehavefromancienttextscanalsohelpalot,”saysBarbaraHuber,anarchaeochemistfromGermany.“Whenwedofindallthesedetails,theycanenrichourunderstandingofalotofaspectsofpastwaysoflife,includingmedicine,tradeandsocialstatus.”Inthestudyofancientmaterials,thestudyoftradeandtheincenseroad(香料之路)wasalwaysaninterestingpointforresearchers.Buttheproblemisthattheincenseroadwasoftenlookedatfromtheperspectiveofclassicalscholars—namelytextsfromancientGreeceorancientRome.Fromtheverybeginning,thestoryoftheincenseroadwastoldbyoutsiders,whowerealsonotcontemporary.“Wedon’thaveanyevidencefromtheearlierperiods,theIronAgeandtheBronzeAgeinancientArabia,”Hubersays.“Soitwasveryinterestingtotrackdownmolecularremainsthatcantellusalotaboutancientmaterials.”Inonecasestudy,HuberandherteamlookedatthecontentofincenseburnersandfoundPeganum—amedicinalandpsychoactiveplant.Theyrealizedthatintheseincenseburners,specifically,peopleactuallyuseditformedicinalorpsychoactivepurposes.Thiswasinterestingbecausethepracticeofincenseburningseemstonotonlybesensorialbutalsohavethismedicinalcomponent.Thestudyrevealedsomethingwherewehadabsolutelynoidea:medicinalpracticesinancientArabia.We,allofasudden,hadanideaofhowpeopleusedtheirlocalpharmacopoeia—thedocumentofmedicinalingredientsissuedbythegovernmentfortreatingillnesses;inthiscase,theyburnedPeganumandthenprobablybreathedthesmoked—notjustappliedittotheskinordrankit.Thepracticeofburningincenseisstillpartofpeople’slivestoday,butitgoesallthewayback.Andifwefollowittotherootsofwhereitbegan,historyisn’tsomethingthatweonlysee.28.WhydoestheauthorraisetwoquestionsinParagraph1?A.Tostressaprejudice.B.Tocomparephenomena.C.Torevealalimitation.D.Tointroduceanexperience.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Incenseremainshelpedidentifyancientmedicinalpractices.B.Sensorialpurposesofincenseburningusedtobeoverlooked.C.Theuseofmedicinalincenseneededapprovalfromgovernment.D.Thetradeontheincenseroadwaswitnessedbyclassicalscholars.30.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Whysmellsareabsentwhenwestudythepast.B.Howarchaeologistsscentoutsmellsofthepast.C.Howwecanbringlong-lostsmellsintomodernlife.D.Whychallengesariseinthestudyofhistoricalsmells.DNearly2millionyearsago,oneofourancestorsdevelopedbonecancerintheirfoot.Thefateofthisindividualisunknown,butthefossilisedremainsleavenodoubtthatcancerhasbeenapartofourstoryforaverylongtime.Butthesecancercellsweren’ttheonlyinternalthreatourancestorsfaced.Theirsurvivalwasalsothreatenedbyindividualsattemptingtounderminethegroup.Attheheartofthestoryisthisquestion:ishumannatureselfishoraltruistic,competitiveorcooperative?Theanswerhasprofoundimplicationsforhowweaimtostructuresociety.Ifwearebornaltruists,theninstitutionsareunnecessary.Butifselfishnessdominates,strongcontrolisessential.Inthelanguageofevolutionarybiology,wehaveacooperationdilemma:therearesituationswhereitisinourinteresttoworkwithothers,andtherearesituationswhereitisnot.Asaresult,visiblerivalry(竞争)wasreplacedbywhatIcall“invisiblerivalry”—theabilitytohideselfish,competitiveintentionswhilemaintainingtheappearanceofacooperativenature.Inotherwords,weevolvedtocompeteinacooperativeworld.Thisiswheretheanalogy(类比)withcancerarises.Humanity’slonghistoryoflivingwiththediseasemeanswehaveevolvedbiologicalmechanismstoreducetheriskitposes.Manyreactionsatthecellularlevelevolvedtohelpourbodiesfightoffcancers.Itisthisstrongimmunesystemthatexplainswhy,althoughwearefrequentlyexposedtoviruses,theseoftendon’tleadtoillness.Similarly,thethreatstooursocialgroupsposedbytheevolutionofinvisiblerivalryledustodeveloppracticesandinstitutionstomaximisecooperation.Icallthisourculturalimmunesystem.However,justascancersfindwaystoescapefromourimmunesystems,someindividualsusetheirintelligencetodestabilizethegroup’ssocialnormsfortheirownbenefit.Tofighttheenemy,wecanboosttheculturalimmunesystem,muchlikehowwecanimproveourbiologicalimmunesystemsthroughhealthylifestylesandvaccination.Butthisisn’tgoingtohappenuntilwefirstrecognisetheproblemthatinvisiblerivalryposes.Inmyview,thebestwayisthrougheducation.Weareallpartoftheculturalimmunesystem.Ifweunderstandourevolutionaryheritage,wewillbeopen-eyedtothedangerthatfreeloadersposetosocietyandplaceourtrustmoreclear-sightedly—muchasthebody’sdefencesystemlearnstorecognisetheagentsassociatedwithcancerstodealwiththem.Wemustworktogethertostayonestepaheadofhumanity’sopportunisticnature.Withoutbeliefs,normsandaproperunderstandingofhumannature,weareatthemercyofourselfishbiologicalheritage.Evolutionhasmadeusthisway,butwecanlearntoovercomeit.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruistic”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Far-sighted.B.Humane.C.Self-interested.D.Adaptable.32.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheculturalimmunesystem?A.Itcontributestohumanity’scompetitiveness.B.Humandishonestyissaidtobeitsbyproduct.C.Internalthreatsinsocietycannotescapefromit.D.Itcanbeimprovedthroughenhancingcooperation.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Theminority’sselfishnessdoesn’tmeancancersforsociety.B.It’shardtomaintaintheappearanceofacooperativenature.C.Weneedagreeonthefactthatinvisiblerivalrybringsharm.D.Thestabilityofsocietyliesinhumanity’sopportunisticnature.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheCureforSocialIllsB.TheMercyofHumanityC.TheValueinInstitutionsD.TheRootofInvisibleRivalry第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formostofus,frisson,anintenseemotionalpleasureaccompaniedbytearsandgoosebumps(鸡皮疙瘩),issomethingthathappensunexpectedlyandrarely.Butwhatiftherewasawayyoucouldexperiencethisfeelingmore?Theanswermaylieintheartof“slowlooking”.Slowlookingistheactofobservinganartworkforanextendedperiodoftime.Thatcouldbeanuninterruptedfiveminutes,anhour,orevenanentireday.35However,slowlookingextendsbeyondagallerysetting.It’ssimilartomeditation(冥想),butit’snotlimitedtokeepingusfocusedonthebreathandclosedeyes.36Inmanyways,itistheartofsimplynoticing,withoutdistractions,andwithoutgivingintotheurgetomakeita“productive”activity.Sohowtotryslowlooking?Itmighttakesometimetogetusedto.37Whetherit’sobservingaworkofart,gardening,staringoutthewindowduringyournexttrainjourney,birdwatching,orpausingduringawoodlandwalktoobservetheplantlifearoundyou,therearecountlesswaystoslowlookeveryday.38Whenweslowdown,the“restanddigest”modeofournervoussystemrisesup.Thisrelaxationofmindcreatesspacefornewthoughtsandfeelingstosurface.Thisiswhenwemightstarttonoticesmallthingsinourenvironment.39Wesimplynotice.Webecomethewitness,causingasmallyetprofoundshiftthatsupportsreducedanxiety,andimprovedoverallwell-being.A.Slowlookingoffersvaluablementalbenefits.B.Butit’ssomethingwecouldstartaddingtoourdailylife.C.Certainkindsofartmaybebettersuitedforslowlookingthanothers.D.Expertsrecommendgoingtoanartexhibitionwhentherearefewerpeople.E.Itisbasedontheideathattounderstandanartwork,youneedtospendtimewithit.F.Instead,ittakesusoutintothesensoryworldinwhichlightshiftsandwindwhispers.G.Forexample,leavesdancinginthewindandthewingbeatsofabirdpassingoverheadrevealthemselves.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Thinkaboutthetoughestperiodofyourlife.Thetimeyoufeltmostlost,mostchallenged,mostbroken.Itprobablyfeltlikeanimpassablewall,adeadend.Butwhatifthatwallwasactuallyadoorway?Whatifthestruggleitselfwastheverythingyouneededtogrow?There'sabeautiful,ancientLatinphrasethatexpressesthisideaperfectly:AdAstraperAspera.Ittranslatesto“atoughroadleadstothestars,”anditisoneofthemostpowerfulandinspiringphilosophicalideaseverpackedintofourlittlewords.Thisphraseisn'tsomemodern,feel-goodstatement.It'sold.Reallyold.It'sbeenadoptedasamottobycountlessfamilies,cities,andevenusedbyspaceprograms,whichisbeautifullyliteral.Thephrasehaslastedforcenturiesbecauseitspeakstoafundamentaltruth:greatnessisnotbornfromcomfort.Let'sbreakitdown.The“Aspera”partmeans“hardships”or“difficulties”.Thisisn'tjustaboutminorinconveniences.Itreferstothereal,painfulstrugglesoflife——failure,loss,anddoubt.Ourmoderncultureoftenteachesustoavoidpainatallcosts,toseekthesmoothest,easiestpath.But“AdAstraperAspera”challengesthatview.Itsuggeststhatthe“Aspera”isnotadetour(绕道)fromthepath;itisthepath.The“Astra”partofthephrasemeans“thestars”.Thestarsrepresentyourbiggestdreams,andyourbestself.Itcouldbeaspecificgoal,likestartingabusinessorhealingarelationship.Oritcouldbeastateofbeing,likefindingpeace,wisdom,orpurpose.Thebeautyofthephraseisthat“thestars”arepersonaltoyou,butthemassageisuniversal:Thejourneytothestarsisnotaflight;it'saclimbupajagged(崎岖的)mountain.40.Whatdoesthephrase“AdAstraperAspera”literallymean?41.Whyhasthephrase“AdAstraperAsperalastedforcenturies?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Thebeautyofthephrase“AdAstraperAspera”isthatbothitsmessageandthe