2026年英语能力提升托福考试模拟题及答案解析

2026年英语能力提升：托福考试模拟题及答案解析阅读部分（40分钟，36题，每题1分）Section1:SocialSciences（7题，每题1分）Passage1:UrbanPlanninginEuropeanCitiesTherapidurbanizationinEuropeancitiesduringthe21stcenturyhasposedsignificantchallengestotraditionalurbanplanning.Historically,Europeancitiesweredesignedwithpedestrian-friendlystreetsanddensepublicspaces,promotingsocialinteraction.However,theriseofmotorvehiclesinthemid-20thcenturyledtotheexpansionofhighwaysandsuburbansprawls,resultingindecreasedwalkabilityandincreasedairpollution.RecentpoliciesincitieslikeCopenhagenandAmsterdamhavereversedthistrendbyprioritizinggreenspaces,bikelanes,andmixed-usedevelopments.Theseinitiativesaimnotonlytoreducecarbonemissionsbutalsotorevitalizecommunityengagement.Criticsarguethatsuchtransformationsrequiresubstantialfinancialinvestmentsandmaydisplacelow-incomeresidents,butproponentsemphasizethelong-termbenefitsforpublichealthandsustainability.Questions:1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A)TocriticizetheexpansionofhighwaysinEuropeancities.B)Todiscussthebenefitsofpedestrian-friendlyurbandesign.C)Tocomparehistoricalandmodernurbanplanningapproaches.D)ToproposesolutionsforairpollutioninEuropeancities.（答案：B）2.Accordingtothepassage,whichEuropeancitieshaveadoptedprogressiveurbanplanningpolicies?A)LondonandParisB)BerlinandRomeC)CopenhagenandAmsterdamD)MadridandBarcelona（答案：C）3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthechallengesofurbanrevitalization?A)FinancialconstraintsandsocialdisplacementB)IncreasedtrafficcongestionandnoisepollutionC)DecliningpopulationgrowthandaginginfrastructureD)Lossofculturalheritageandhistoricallandmarks（答案：A）4.Theword"revitalize"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)RestoreB)DestroyC)ExpandD)Ignore（答案：A）5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardurbanplanningpoliciesinEurope?A)SkepticalB)NeutralC)SupportiveD)Indifferent（答案：C）6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyconcernaboutthenewurbandesigns?A)Theymayleadtoincreasedtrafficaccidents.B)Theyrequiresignificantpublicfunding.C)Theyprioritizecarusageoverpublictransport.D)Theylackaestheticappealandculturalsignificance.（答案：B）7.Thepassagementionsthat"socialinteraction"wasafeatureoftraditionalEuropeancities.Whatdoesthisimply?A)Peoplespentmoretimeoutdoors.B)Citieswerelesscrowded.C)Publicspacesweremoredangerous.D)Therewerefewerculturalevents.（答案：A）Section2:NaturalSciences（7题，每题1分）Passage2:ClimateChangeandCoastalEcosystemsCoastalecosystems,suchasmangrovesandcoralreefs,playacriticalroleinmitigatingclimatechange.Theseecosystemsabsorblargeamountsofcarbondioxideandprovidenaturalbarriersagainststormsurges.However,risingsealevelsandoceanacidificationthreatentheirsurvival.Mangroveforests,whichthriveintropicalandsubtropicalregions,areparticularlyvulnerabletohabitatlossduetohumanactivitieslikedeforestationandpollution.Coralreefs,ontheotherhand,aresufferingfrombleachingeventscausedbyabnormalwatertemperatures.Scientificstudiessuggestthatifcurrenttrendscontinue,upto70%ofcoralreefscouldbedestroyedby2050.Conservationefforts,includingreforestationandreducedcarbonemissions,areessentialtoprotecttheseecosystems.However,someexpertsarguethatthesemeasuresmaynotbesufficientwithoutglobalcooperationandstricterenvironmentalpolicies.Questions:8.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?A)Theeconomicimpactofcoastalecosystems.B)Theeffectsofclimatechangeonmarineenvironments.C)Thebenefitsofmangroveforestsforcarbonstorage.D)Theroleofcoralreefsinoceanbiodiversity.（答案：B）9.Accordingtothepassage,whatthreatenscoastalecosystems?A)OverfishingandhabitatdestructionB)RisingsealevelsandoceanacidificationC)IncreasedtourismandpollutionD)Naturaldisastersandgeologicalshifts（答案：B）10.Theword"bleaching"inthesecondparagraphrefersto:A)AdiseaseaffectingmarineanimalsB)ThelossofcolorincoralreefsC)AnaturalreproductivecycleD)Anincreaseinoceanproductivity（答案：B）11.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutconservationefforts?A)Theyarehighlyeffectivewithoutglobalcooperation.B)Theyrelysolelyontechnologicalsolutions.C)Theyrequireinternationalcollaborationandpolicychanges.D)Theyareprimarilyfundedbygovernments.（答案：C）12.Accordingtothepassage,whatpercentageofcoralreefscouldbedestroyedby2050?A)30%B)50%C)70%D)90%（答案：C）13.Whatistheauthor’smainconcernaboutcurrentenvironmentalpolicies?A)Theyaretooexpensivetoimplement.B)Theylackglobalsupport.C)Theyfocusonlyoncoastalregions.D)Theyaretooslowtoaddresstheproblem.（答案：B）14.Thepassagementionsthatmangroveforestsare"particularlyvulnerabletohabitatloss."Whatdoesthisimply?A)Theyarelessresistanttoclimatechangethanotherecosystems.B)Theyaremoreprofitableforloggingindustries.C)Theyareeasiertorestorethancoralreefs.D)Theyarenotasdiverseasothermarineecosystems.（答案：A）Section3:Humanities（7题，每题1分）Passage3:TheRenaissanceandItsImpactonArtTheRenaissance,aperiodofculturalrebirthinEuropefromthe14thtothe17thcentury,markedasignificantshiftinartisticexpression.PriortotheRenaissance,artwaslargelyinfluencedbyreligiousthemesandfollowedstrictconventionssetbytheChurch.However,duringthisera,artistslikeLeonardodaVinciandMichelangelobegantoexplorehumanism,emphasizingrealismandindividualism.ThediscoveryofancientGreekandRomantextsduringthistimefurtherinspiredartiststoblendclassicalandmodernstyles.Thisperiodalsosawtheinventionofoilpainting,whichallowedforgreaterdetailanddepth.TheimpactofRenaissanceartwasprofound,influencingnotonlysubsequentartisticmovementsbutalsoscientificandphilosophicalthought.However,somecriticsarguethatthefocusonindividualismduringtheRenaissancemayhaveovershadowedthecontributionsoflesser-knownartistsfrommarginalizedcommunities.Questions:15.WhatwasthemaindifferencebetweenRenaissanceartandearlierart?A)Renaissanceartwasmoreabstract.B)Renaissanceartfocusedonreligiousthemes.C)Renaissanceartemphasizedhumanismandrealism.D)Renaissanceartwaslessdetailed.（答案：C）16.Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredRenaissanceartists?A)ReligiousdoctrineB)AncientGreekandRomantextsC)IndustrialrevolutionD)Scientificdiscoveries（答案：B）17.Theword"conventions"inthefirstparagraphrefersto:A)RulesandtraditionsB)InnovationsandexperimentsC)DestructionanddecayD)Chaosanddisorder（答案：A）18.WhattechnologicaladvancementdidtheRenaissanceintroduce?A)WatercolorpaintingB)DigitalartC)OilpaintingD)Ceramicart（答案：C）19.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasasignificantimpactoftheRenaissance?A)Itledtothedeclineofreligiousart.B)Itinfluencedscientificandphilosophicalthought.C)ItcausedeconomicinstabilityinEurope.D)Itreducedtheimportanceofclassicaleducation.（答案：B）20.Whatistheauthor’smainconcernabouttheRenaissance?A)Itignoredthecontributionsofwomenartists.B)Itprioritizedwealthypatronsovercommonpeople.C)Itdidnotaddresssocialinequality.D)Itwastoofocusedonindividualism.（答案：D）21.Thepassagementionsthat"somecriticsarguethatthefocusonindividualismduringtheRenaissancemayhaveovershadowedthecontributionsoflesser-knownartists."Whatdoesthisimply?A)Renaissanceartistsweremoretalentedthanothers.B)Marginalizedartistswerenotrecognized.C)Individualismledtoartisticstagnation.D)Renaissanceartlackeddiversity.（答案：B）Section4:AcademicTexts（7题，每题1分）Passage4:TheEvolutionofDigitalTechnologyTheevolutionofdigitaltechnologyhastransformedhowpeoplecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.Theinventionoftheinternetinthelate20thcenturyrevolutionizedglobalconnectivity,enablinginstantcommunicationacrosscontinents.However,therapidadoptionofdigitaltechnologyhasalsoraisedconcernsaboutprivacyandsecurity.Cybersecuritythreats,suchashackinganddatabreaches,havebecomeincreasinglycommon,forcingindividualsandorganizationstoimplementstrongerprotectionmeasures.Additionally,theriseofsocialmediahasalteredtraditionalformsofinteraction,withmanypeoplespendinghoursdailyonplatformslikeFacebook,Instagram,andTikTok.Whiledigitaltechnologyhasimprovedefficiencyandconvenience,someexpertsarguethatitmayleadtosocialisolationandmentalhealthissues.Policymakersarenowgrapplingwithhowtoregulatedigitaltechnologywhilemaintaininginnovationanduserfreedom.Questions:22.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A)ThehistoryoftheinternetB)TheimpactofdigitaltechnologyonsocietyC)ThebenefitsofsocialmediaD)Thechallengesofcybersecurity（答案：B）23.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernaboutdigitaltechnology?A)Itslowseconomicgrowth.B)Itreducesprivacyandsecurity.C)Itincreasesjobopportunities.D)Itimproveseducationaccess.（答案：B）24.Theword"revolutionized"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)ImprovedB)ChangeddramaticallyC)RestrictedD)Ignored（答案：B）25.Whathasbeentheeffectofsocialmediaoncommunication?A)Ithasincreasedface-to-faceinteractions.B)Ithasreducedtheneedfortraditionalmedia.C)Ithasalteredhowpeoplecommunicate.D)Ithaseliminatedtheneedforprivacy.（答案：C）26.Accordingtothepassage,whatarepolicymakersstrugglingwith?A)Howtoimproveinternetspeed.B)Howtobalanceregulationandinnovation.C)Howtoincreasesocialmediausage.D)Howtoreducecybersecuritythreats.（答案：B）27.Thepassagementionsthat"manypeoplespendinghoursdailyonsocialmediaplatforms."Whatdoesthissuggest?A)Socialmediaisnotaddictive.B)Peoplearenotproductivewithoutsocialmedia.C)Socialmediaaffectsmentalhealth.D)Socialmediaisessentialforsocializing.（答案：C）28.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutdigitaltechnology?A)Itisentirelybeneficial.B)Ithasbothpositiveandnegativeeffects.C)Itisunnecessary.D)Itistooadvancedformostpeople.（答案：B）Writing部分（50分钟，2题，每题2分）Task1:IntegratedWriting（20分钟，2分）Youwillbegivenalectureandareadingpassage.Thelecturepresentsadifferentperspectiveonthepointsmadeinthereadingpassage.Compareandcontrastthepointsandreasonsinthelecturewiththoseinthereadingpassage.ReadingPassage:Astudysuggeststhaturbanparksinlargecitiesshouldbeexpandedtoimprovepublichealth.Thereadingpassagearguesthataddingmoregreenspacescanreducestress,promotephysicalactivity,andenhancementalwell-being.Accordingtothestudy,parksalsohelpinreducingairpollutionandprovidingnaturalhabitatsforwildlife.Therefore,theauthorrecommendsthatcitiesinvestmoreinparkdevelopmenttocreatehealthiercommunities.Lecture:Theprofessordisagreeswiththestudy’srecommendations.Hestatesthatexpandingurbanparksmaynotbefeasibleduetolimitedlandresourcesandhighconstructioncosts.Additionally,theprofessorpointsoutthatexistingparksarealreadyoverusedandmayleadtoovercrowding.Hesuggeststhatinsteadofexpandingparks,citiesshouldfocusonimprovingthequalityofexistinggreenspaces,suchasaddingbenches,playgrounds,andbettermaintenance.Theprofessoralsomentionsthatpublictransportationshouldbeprioritizedtoreducetrafficcongestionandpollution,whichwouldindirectlybenefitpublichealth.Questions:1.Summarizethepointsandreasonsinthereadingpassage.2.Summarizethepointsandreasonsinthelecture.3.Compareandcontrastthepointsandreasonsinthelecturewiththoseinthereadingpassage.（答案示例）1.Thereadingpassagearguesthatexpandingurbanparksisbeneficialforpublichealthbecauseparksreducestress,promotephysicalactivity,improvementalwell-being,reduceairpollution,andprovidehabitatsforwildlife.Theauthorrecommendscitiesinvestmoreinparkdevelopment.2.Thelecturedisagreeswithexpandingparksduetolimitedlandandhighcosts.Theprofessorsuggestsimprovingexistingparksandprioritizingpublictransportationinstead.3.Whilethereadingpassagesupportsexpandingparks,thelectureadvisesagainstit,proposingalternativesolutionslikeimprovingexistingparksandenhancingpublictransportation.Thelecturefocusesonpracticalityandcost-effectiveness,whereasthereadingpassageemphasizesthehealthbenefitsofmoregreenspaces.Task2:IndependentWriting（30分钟，2分）Chooseoneofthefollowingtopicsandwriteanessayinwhichyoudiscussthetopic.Givereasonsandexamplestosupportyouropinion.Topic:Somepeoplebelievethatgovernmentsshouldspendmoremoneyonimprovingroadsandhighwaysthanonpublictransportation.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisview?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.（答案示例）Governmentsshouldprioritizespendingonroadsandhighwaysoverpublictransportationforseveralreasons.First,roadsareessentialforeconomicgrowth,astheyfacilitatethemovementofgoodsandservices.Forexample,well-maintainedhighwaysincountrieslikeGermanyhaveboostedtradeandtourism.Second,manypeoplerelyonpersonalvehiclesfordailycommutes,andpoorroadconditionscanleadtotrafficcongestionandincreasedfuelconsumption.Additionally,roadsaremoreaccessiblethanpublictransportationinruralareas,wherepublictransitoptionsarelimited.However,whil