高中英语语法知识点专项练习卷

前言高中英语语法是构建英语语言能力的基石，亦是高考考查的重点与难点。扎实掌握语法知识，不仅有助于提升阅读理解的准确性、书面表达的规范性，更能增强语言运用的逻辑思维能力。本练习卷聚焦高中阶段核心语法知识点，通过精心设计的专项练习，帮助同学们系统梳理、查漏补缺，实现语法能力的稳步提升。建议在独立完成各专项练习后，结合参考答案进行反思总结，着重关注错误类型及深层原因，以达到最佳学习效果。一、动词时态与语态专项练习核心考点提示动词时态语态是英语语法的灵魂，需重点掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等基础时态的构成与用法区别，以及主动语态与被动语态的转换规则，尤其注意特殊动词的被动形式及时态的呼应。专项练习1.BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we_____inEuropefortwoweeks.A.shallstayB.havestayedC.willhavestayedD.havebeenstaying2.Theconference_____afullweekbythetimeitends.A.musthavelastedB.willhavelastedC.wouldlastD.haslasted3.Thiskindofcloth_____well.Ithinkitwillsellsoon.A.washesB.iswashedC.washedD.iswashing4.Mybrother_____whilehe_____hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell;wasridingB.fell;wereridingC.hadfallen;rodeD.hadfallen;wasriding5.Thesilenceofthelibrary_____onlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.A.hasbeenbrokenB.breaksC.brokeD.wasbroken6.—You’veleftthelighton.—Oh,soIhave._____andturnitoff.A.I’llgoB.I’vegoneC.IgoD.I’mgoing7.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_____.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isarrivingD.isgoingtoarrive8.WhenJackarrivedhelearnedMary_____foralmostanhour.A.hadgoneB.hadsetoffC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway二、非谓语动词专项练习核心考点提示非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词与过去分词）。需明确其在句中可充当的成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语），掌握其基本形式变化及否定式，重点区分现在分词与过去分词的语态和时态含义，以及不定式与动名词作宾语时的固定搭配。专项练习1._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose2.Theteacheraskedus_____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.nottomakeD.notmaking3._____theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.4.Thenovel,_____theyearbeforelast,stillsellswellinthemarket.A.publishingB.publishedC.topublishD.havingpublished5.Ireallyappreciate_____torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.A.tohavehadtimeB.havingtimeC.tohavetimeD.tohavingtime6.Themaninsisted_____ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding7.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_____fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished8.Withtheproblem_____,wewentonsmoothlywithourwork.A.solvingB.tosolveC.solvedD.tobesolved三、名词性从句专项练习核心考点提示名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。关键在于掌握连接词（that,if,whether,who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why,how）的选用，以及从句的语序（陈述语序）和时态呼应。特别注意it作形式主语或形式宾语的用法，以及某些特殊句型中连接词的固定搭配。专项练习A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.What2.Theteacheralwaystellsus_____lateforschool.A.don’tbeB.notbeC.nottobeD.notbeing3.Itisunknown_____themeetingwillbeheldtomorrow.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what4.Thefact_____hehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why5.Canyoutellme_____thenearestpostofficeis?A.whatB.howC.whereD.which6._____madetheschoolproudwas_____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because7.Thequestionis_____wecanfinishthetaskontime.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what8.Ihavenoidea_____thejournalistcouldhavegothisinformationfrom.A.thatB.whyC.whichD.where四、定语从句专项练习核心考点提示定语从句主要考查关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose,as）和关系副词（when,where,why）的用法。需判断先行词是人、物、时间、地点还是原因，并根据其在从句中所作成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语）选择合适的关系词。注意限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别，以及“介词+关系代词”的结构和as的特殊用法。专项练习1.Doyouknowtheman_____istalkingtoourEnglishteacher?A.whomB.whoC.whichD.whose2.Thisisthehouse_____Ilivedtwoyearsago.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when3.Thereason_____hewaslateforclasswasthathegotuplate.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.forwhich4.Thebook_____coverisblueismine.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.who5.Wevisitedthefactory_____makestoysforchildren.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhich6.Heistheonlystudent_____hasbeenselectedtoattendtheinternationalconference.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom7.Thedays_____wespenttogetherinthecountrysideareunforgettable.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.onwhich8.Asisknowntoall,theearthisround,_____weallagree.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as五、状语从句专项练习核心考点提示状语从句按其功能可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、方式、比较、目的、结果等从句。重点掌握各类从句的常用连接词，理解主从句之间的逻辑关系。注意某些连词的固定搭配及特殊用法，如nosooner...than...,hardly...when...,as...as...,so...that...,such...that...等。专项练习1.Iwillcallyou_____IarriveinBeijing.A.assoonasB.whileC.untilD.though2._____itrainstomorrow,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.A.IfB.UnlessC.BecauseD.When3.Heworkedveryhard_____hecouldpasstheexam.A.inordertoB.sothatC.asaresultD.becauseA.BecauseB.ThoughC.IfD.When5.Youmustspeaklouder_____everyonecanhearyouclearly.A.sothatB.suchthatC.inordertoD.as6.Themoreyoupractice,_____yourEnglishwillbe.A.betterB.thebetterC.bestD.thebest7._____youhavefinishedyourhomework,youcangoouttoplay.A.UntilB.UnlessC.AfterD.Before8.ShespeaksEnglish_____shewereanativespeaker.A.asifB.evenifC.sothatD.because六、情态动词专项练习核心考点提示情态动词主要表达说话人的语气、态度或推测。需掌握can/could,may/might,must/haveto,shall/should,will/would,need,dare等情态动词的基本用法，尤其注意它们表示推测时的语气强弱差异及在不同时态中的表现形式（如musthavedone,can’thavedone），以及“情态动词+havedone”表示对过去事情的推测或虚拟。专项练习1.You_____becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Thetrafficisverybusy.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will2.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou_____.A.mightB.willC.canD.should3.He_____havefinishedhishomework,forheisplayingbasketballnow.A.mustB.can’tC.shouldD.may4.You_____notsmokeinpublicplaces.It’sagainstthelaw.A.needB.mightC.mustD.could5.Ifyouhadtoldmeearlier,I_____havehelpedyou.A.mightB.mustC.shouldD.can6.Shelookshappy.She_____havepassedtheexam.A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.might7.You_____takeanumbrellawithyou.Itmightrainlater.A.shouldB.canC.willD.may8.—NeedIhandinmypapertoday?—No,you_____.Youcanhanditintomorrow.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t七、冠词与代词专项练习核心考点提示冠词包括定冠词the、不定冠词a/an和零冠词。需掌握它们表示泛指、特指、类指等基本用法，以及在固定搭配中的使用。代词则需区分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词（如some/any,few/little,many/much,each/every,none/noone,both/either/neither,all/any等）的用法及辨析。专项练习1._____sunrisesin_____eastandsetsin_____west.A.The;the;theB.A;an;aC.The;an;theD./;/;/2.Heis_____honestboy.Everyonelikeshim.A.aB.anC.theD./3.Ihavetwosisters._____ofthemareteachers.A.BothB.AllC.EitherD.Neither4.Thereisn’t_____waterinthebottle.Couldyougiveme_____?A.some;anyB.any;someC.some;someD.any;any5._____ofthestudentsinourclasshasadictionary.A.EachB.EveryC.AllD.Both6.Thisisnotmybook.Itmustbe_____.A.someoneelseB.someoneelse’sC.elsesomeoneD.else’ssomeone7._____isimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.What8.Thehouse_____windowsfacesouthismine.A.whichB.thatC.w