2026年法律英语词汇与阅读理解题集

2026年法律英语词汇与阅读理解题集第一部分：词汇选择题（共10题，每题2分，合计20分）说明：每题提供四个选项，其中只有一个是正确的法律英语词汇，请选择最合适的选项。1.Thecourtfoundthedefendantguiltyof_______fraud,whichinvolvesdeceptivepracticestoobtainfinancialgain.A)fraudulentB)fraudulentC)fraudD)deceitful（答案：A）2.Underthe_______States'Act,companiesmustfileannualfinancialstatementswiththeSecuritiesandExchangeCommission.A)SecuritiesandExchangeActof1934B)SecuritiesandExchangeActof1933C)SecuritiesandExchangeActof1935D)SecuritiesandExchangeActof1936（答案：B）3.Thecontractincludeda_______clause,whichreleasesthepartiesfromliabilityforunforeseencircumstances.A)disclaimerB)waiverC)indemnityD)litigation（答案：A）4.Thedefendantarguedthattheevidencewasobtainedthrough_______means,violatingtheFourthAmendment.A)unconstitutionalB)illegalC)lawfulD)permissible（答案：B）5.Thecourtordereda_______hearingtodeterminethechild'sbestinterestsincustodyproceedings.A)adjudicativeB)administrativeC)judicialD)procedural（答案：C）6.Thecompany'scomplianceofficerisresponsibleforensuringadherencetothe_______Regulations.A)Sarbanes-OxleyB)Dodd-FrankC)Glass-SteagallD)Basel（答案：A）7.Theplaintifffileda_______lawsuitseekingdamagesforbreachofcontract.A)tortB)civilC)criminalD)equitable（答案：B）8.Theattorneyarguedthatthedefendanthada_______toremainsilentundertheFifthAmendment.A)privilegeB)obligationC)dutyD)right（答案：A）9.The_______principleholdsthatpartiesshouldactingoodfaithduringnegotiations.A)doctrineofestoppelB)principleofmitigationC)doctrineofunconscionabilityD)principleofgoodfaith（答案：D）10.Thecourtissueda_______toenforcethecustodyorderandpreventthechild'sremoval.A)restrainingorderB)injunctionC)mandateD)decree（答案：B）第二部分：词汇填空题（共5题，每题3分，合计15分）说明：每题提供一个句子，其中留空处需要填入一个合适的法律英语词汇。1.Thedefendant'sactionsconstituted_______battery,asitinvolvedintentionalphysicalcontactwithoutconsent.（答案：battery）2.Thecontractincludeda_______provision,whichspecifiestheconsequencesifeitherpartyfailstofulfilltheirobligations.（答案：covenant）3.Thecourtfoundthattheevidencewasobtainedthrough_______means,violatingdueprocess.（答案：tainted）4.Theplaintiff'sclaimwasdismissedduetoalackof_______standing,astheyhadnolegalinterestinthecase.（答案：standing）5.Theattorneyarguedthatthejury'sverdictwas_______becauseitdidnotalignwiththeevidencepresented.（答案：premised）第三部分：阅读理解题（共5题，每题4分，合计20分）说明：阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。TheCaseoftheMisappropriatedTradeSecretsLastweek,theU.S.DistrictCourtfortheNorthernDistrictofCaliforniaruledinfavorofTechCorpInc.inalawsuitbroughtbyitsformeremployee,DavidLee,allegingtradesecretmisappropriation.Lee,aseniorengineer,leftTechCorpin2023afterfiveyearsofemployment,joiningacompetitor,InnovateSolutions.TechCorpclaimedthatLeetookconfidentialprojectdocumentsandcode,worthmillions,toInnovateSolutions.Leedeniedtheallegations,statingthathehadonlyusedhispersonallaptopduringhistenureandhadnoaccesstotradesecrets.ThecourtfoundthatLeehadindeedmisappropriatedtradesecrets,citingseveralfactors.First,Leehadaccesstotheconfidentialdocumentsduetohispositionasaseniorengineer.Second,thedocumentsborethecompany'swatermarkandweremarkedas"confidential."Third,Lee'semploymentagreementincludedanon-disclosureclause,whichhehadsigned.ThecourtalsonotedthatInnovateSolutionshadahistoryofhiringformerTechCorpemployees.TechCorp'sattorney,Ms.RachelThompson,statedthattherulingsendsastrongmessagetoemployeeswhoconsiderleavingtheircompaniestojoincompetitors."Tradesecretsarethelifebloodofinnovation,andcompaniesmustprotectthematallcosts,"shesaid.Lee'sattorney,Mr.JamesChen,arguedthatthecourthadignoredLee'stestimonyandthatthecasewas"overlyprejudicial."ThedecisioncouldsetaprecedentforfuturecasesinvolvingtradesecretmisappropriationinSiliconValley,wheresuchdisputesarecommon.TechCorpplanstoseekfurtherdamagesfromLee,whileLeemayappealthedecision.1.Whatwasthemainissueinthecase?A)breachofcontractB)tradesecretmisappropriationC)employmentdiscriminationD)intellectualpropertyinfringement（答案：B）2.WhydidthecourtruleinfavorofTechCorp?A)BecauseLeehadaccesstoconfidentialdocuments.B)BecauseInnovateSolutionshadahistoryofhiringformerTechCorpemployees.C)BecauseLee'semploymentagreementincludedanon-disclosureclause.D)Alloftheabove.（答案：D）3.WhatwasLee'sprimarydefense?A)Hehadnoaccesstotradesecrets.B)Heusedhispersonallaptopduringhistenure.C)HehadleftTechCorpayearearlier.D)Hehadnolegalobligationtoprotecttradesecrets.（答案：A）4.Whatcouldthiscasesetaprecedentfor?A)FuturecasesinvolvingtradesecretmisappropriationinSiliconValley.B)Casesinvolvingemploymentdiscriminationintechcompanies.C)Casesinvolvingbreachofcontractinthetechindustry.D)CasesinvolvingintellectualpropertyinfringementinCalifornia.（答案：A）5.WhatisthepotentialoutcomeforLee?A)Hemayappealthedecision.B)HemayberequiredtopaydamagestoTechCorp.C)Hemayfacecriminalchargesformisappropriation.D)BothAandB.（答案：D）答案与解析第一部分：词汇选择题答案与解析1.答案：A解析："Fraudulentfraud"isincorrectbecause"fraud"isalreadyanadjective.Thecorrecttermis"fraudulent,"meaningdeceptiveordishonest.2.答案：B解析：TheSecuritiesandExchangeActof1933(alsoknownasthe"BlueSkyAct")primarilyregulatestheissuanceofsecurities.The1934Actfocusesonthesecondarymarket.3.答案：A解析：A"disclaimer"isaclausethatrelievesonepartyfromliability.A"waiver"involvesgivinguparight,"indemnity"referstocompensationfordamages,and"litigation"istheprocessof诉讼.4.答案：B解析："Illegalmeans"referstounlawfulmethods,whichalignswiththecontextofviolatingtheFourthAmendment(protectionagainstunreasonablesearches).5.答案：C解析：A"judicialhearing"isalegalproceedingconductedbyacourt,asopposedto"adjudicative"(relatedtojudgment),"administrative"(governmental),or"procedural"(relatedtoprocess).6.答案：A解析：The"Sarbanes-OxleyAct"(SOX)of2002mandatesfinancialdisclosuresandcorporategovernancestandards.Theotheractspertaintobanking(Glass-Steagall),financialregulation(Dodd-Frank),andbankingsupervision(Basel).7.答案：B解析：A"civillawsuit"involvesdisputesbetweenindividualsorentities,suchasbreachofcontract.A"tort"isacivilwrong,butthebroadercategoryhereis"civil."8.答案：A解析：The"FifthAmendment"grantsthe"privilege"againstself-incrimination,meaningapersoncannotbeforcedtotestifyagainstthemselves.9.答案：D解析：The"principleofgoodfaith"requirespartiestonegotiatehonestly.Theothertermsarerelatedtospecificlegaldoctrines(estoppel,mitigation,unconscionability).10.答案：B解析：A"restrainingorder"isacourtordertopreventanaction,whilean"injunction"isabroadertermforsuchorders."Mandate"and"decree"arelesspreciseinthiscontext.第二部分：词汇填空题答案与解析1.答案：battery解析："Battery"isatortinvolvingintentionalharmfuloroffensivecontactwithoutconsent.2.答案：covenant解析：A"covenant"isaformalpromiseoragreement,oftenincludedincontracts.3.答案：tainted解析："Tainted"meanspollutedorcorrupted,asinevidenceobtainedthroughillegal