一般过去时专项练习及动词过去式变化规则

一般过去时专项练习及动词过去式变化规则在英语学习的道路上，时态是我们必须攻克的重要关卡，而一般过去时无疑是日常交流与写作中使用频率极高的一种。它承载着对往事的叙述，对已逝时光的描绘。要真正掌握一般过去时，不仅要理解其用法，更要熟练运用动词过去式的变化。本文将系统梳理动词过去式的变化规则，并辅以专项练习，助你扎实掌握这一基础时态。动词过去式变化规则详解动词过去式的变化，总体可分为规则变化与不规则变化两大类。规则变化有章可循，不规则变化则需要我们在日常学习中用心积累。一、规则动词过去式的构成绝大多数动词的过去式是通过在词尾添加“-ed”构成的，但其发音和具体拼写会根据动词原形的词尾特征有所不同。1.一般情况：直接在动词原形后加“-ed”。*例如：work→worked(工作)；play→played(玩)；look→looked(看)*发音规律：清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，在/t//d/音后读/ɪd/。2.以不发音的字母“e”结尾的动词：直接加“-d”。*例如：live→lived(居住)；like→liked(喜欢)；dance→danced(跳舞)3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词：先将“y”变为“i”，再加“-ed”。*例如：study→studied(学习)；carry→carried(携带)；worry→worried(担心)*注意：若“y”前是元音字母，则直接加“-ed”，如：play→played,enjoy→enjoyed。4.以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词：双写这个辅音字母，再加“-ed”。*例如：stop→stopped(停止)；plan→planned(计划)；drop→dropped(掉落)*（判断标准：1.单词末尾三个字母结构为“辅音+元音+辅音”；2.该音节是重读的。）二、不规则动词过去式的构成不规则动词的过去式变化没有统一的规则，它们或是改变元音，或是改变辅音，或是完全不同，甚至有的与原形一致。这就要求我们花时间专门记忆，并通过大量阅读和练习来巩固。*常见的不规则动词过去式举例：*go→went(去)*eat→ate(吃)*see→saw(看见)*do→did(做)*make→made(制作)*take→took(拿走)*get→got(得到)*say→said(说)*tell→told(告诉)*is/am→was(是)*are→were(是)*have/has→had(有)*buy→bought(买)*think→thought(想)*teach→taught(教)*catch→caught(抓住)*find→found(找到)*write→wrote(写)*read→read(读，发音为/red/)（注：不规则动词数量众多，建议同学们准备一个小本子，专门记录遇到的不规则动词及其过去式和过去分词，时常翻阅。）一般过去时专项练习理论的学习离不开实践的检验。以下练习将帮助你巩固所学知识。一、写出下列动词的过去式1.walk→______2.talk→______3.watch→______4.wash→______5.finish→______6.help→______7.love→______8.arrive→______9.try→______10.cry→______11.stop→______12.shop→______13.open→______14.close→______15.study→______二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1.He______(go)totheparkyesterday.2.They______(play)basketballlastSunday.3.She______(watch)TVwithherfamilylastnight.4.I______(study)Englishfortwohoursyesterdayevening.5.Mymother______(cook)adeliciousmealyesterday.6.Tom______(visit)hisgrandparentslastweekend.7.We______(see)amovielastSaturday.8.Thechildren______(be)veryhappyattheparty.9.I______(have)abigbreakfastthismorning.(假设现在是下午或晚上)10.She______(say)goodbyetomeandthenleft.三、将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句，并作肯定/否定回答1.Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.*否定句：______*一般疑问句：______*肯定回答：______*否定回答：______2.Theyplayedfootballinthepark.*否定句：______*一般疑问句：______*肯定回答：______*否定回答：______3.Shewaslateforschoolthismorning.*否定句：______*一般疑问句：______*肯定回答：______*否定回答：______四、用所给动词的适当形式完成短文LastSunday,Mary______(get)upearly.She______(have)somebreadandmilkforbreakfast.Thenshe______(go)tothelibrarywithherbestfriend,Lily.They______(read)booksthereforabouttwohours.Intheafternoon,they______(play)gamesinthepark.They______(laugh)alot.Ataroundfiveo'clock,Mary______(return)home.She______(help)hermotherwithdinner.Afterdinner,she______(watch)alittleTVandthen______(go)tobed.She______(have)ahappyday.---练习答案及解析一、写出下列动词的过去式1.walked2.talked3.watched4.washed5.finished6.helped7.loved8.arrived9.tried10.cried11.stopped12.shopped13.opened14.closed15.studied*（解析：均为规则变化，注意第9、10题是“辅音+y”结尾，第11、12题是重读闭音节结尾需双写。）*二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1.went2.played3.watched4.studied5.cooked6.visited7.saw8.were9.had10.said*（解析：第1、7、9、10题是不规则动词，其余为规则变化。注意第8题主语是they，be动词的过去式用were。）*三、将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句，并作肯定/否定回答1.Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.*否定句：Ididn'tfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.*一般疑问句：Didyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?*肯定回答：Yes,Idid.*否定回答：No,Ididn't.2.Theyplayedfootballinthepark.*否定句：Theydidn'tplayfootballinthepark.*一般疑问句：Didtheyplayfootballinthepark?*肯定回答：Yes,theydid.*否定回答：No,theydidn't.3.Shewaslateforschoolthismorning.*否定句：Shewasn'tlateforschoolthismorning.*一般疑问句：Wasshelateforschoolthismorning?*肯定回答：Yes,shewas.*否定回答：No,shewasn't.*（解析：实义动词的否定和疑问借助助动词did，动词还原；be动词的否定直接加not，疑问将be动词提前。）*四、用所给动词的适当形式完成短文LastSunday,Marygotupearly.Shehadsomebreadandmilkforbreakfast.Thenshewenttothelibrarywithherbestfriend,Lily.Theyreadbooksthereforabouttwohours.Intheafternoon,theyplayedgamesinthepark.Theylaughedalot.Ataroundfiveo'clock,Maryreturnedhome.Shehelpedhermotherwithdinner.Afterdinner,shewatchedalittleTVandthenwenttobed.Shehadahappyday.*（解析：短文叙述过去发生的事情，均用一般过去时。got,had,went,read是不规则动词过去式；played,laughed,returned,helped,watched是规则变化。）*---