2026年研究生英语考试阅读理解题库

2026年研究生英语考试阅读理解题库PartA:MultipleChoice(单选题)共10题，每题2分，合计20分Passage1(Technology&EducationinChina)Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hastransformededucationalpracticesacrossChina.TraditionalteachingmethodsareincreasinglybeingsupplementedwithAI-driventools,suchasintelligenttutoringsystemsandautomatedgradingplatforms.A2024reportbytheMinistryofEducationrevealsthatover60%ofprimaryandsecondaryschoolshaveintegratedAIintotheircurricula,improvingpersonalizedlearningexperiences.However,criticsarguethatthisdigitalshiftmaywidentheeducationgapbetweenurbanandruralareas,ashigh-techinfrastructureismoreaccessibleindevelopedregions.Meanwhile,universitiesareadoptingAItostreamlineadmissionsprocesses,usingpredictiveanalyticstoassessapplicants'potential.Despitethesechallenges,expertsbelievethatAIwillultimatelyenhanceeducationalequitybyprovidingresourcestounderservedcommunities.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvocateforthecompletereplacementofhumanteacherswithAI.B.TohighlightthebenefitsanddrawbacksofAIinChineseeducation.C.Tocriticizethegovernment’srelianceontechnologyinschools.D.TopredictthefutureofAIinhighereducationglobally.2.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesAIimpactruraleducationinChina?A.Itimprovesaccesstoqualitylearningmaterials.B.Itexacerbatestheurban-ruraleducationdivide.C.Itreducestheneedforphysicalclassrooms.D.Itenhancesteacher-studentinteraction.3.Whatroledopredictiveanalyticsplayinuniversityadmissions?A.Theyreplacetraditionalentranceexams.B.Theyhelpidentifystudentswithhigheracademicpotential.C.Theyensurefairerselectioncriteria.D.Theyprioritizeapplicantsfromwealthyfamilies.4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthelong-termeffectsofAIineducation?A.Itwillleadtojoblossesforeducators.B.Itwillbridgetheeducationgapbetweenregions.C.Itwillmakeschoolsmoreexpensive.D.Itwilleliminatetheneedforgovernmentfunding.Passage2(EnvironmentalPolicyinEurope)TheEuropeanUnion’sGreenDeal,launchedin2020,aimstomakethecontinentcarbon-neutralby2050.OneofitskeyinitiativesistheRenewableEnergyDirective,whichsetsbindingtargetsformemberstatestoincreasewindandsolarpowerusage.In2023,Germanybecamethefirstmajoreconomytofullyphaseoutcoal,replacingitwithwindandsolarfarms.However,renewableenergyadoptionfaceschallenges,suchashighinfrastructurecostsandpublicresistanceinsomeruralareas.TheEUalsoproposesaCarbonBorderAdjustmentMechanism(CBAM)topreventcarbonleakagefromindustriesrelocatingtocountrieswithlaxerenvironmentalregulations.WhilecriticsarguethatCBAMmayharmdevelopingeconomies,theCommissionmaintainsitwillleveltheplayingfield.Environmentalists,however,stresstheneedformoreaggressivepoliciestomeetclimategoals.5.WhatisthemaingoaloftheEU’sGreenDeal?A.Toreduceeconomicgrowthforenvironmentalbenefits.B.Toachievecarbonneutralityby2050.C.Tophaseoutcoalproductionby2030.D.TopromoterenewableenergyinEurope.6.WhydidGermanyphaseoutcoal?A.Tocomplywithinternationalenvironmentalagreements.B.ToreduceitsdependenceonRussianenergy.C.TomeettheEU’sRenewableEnergyDirective.D.Toattractmoretouriststoruralareas.7.WhatisthepurposeoftheCarbonBorderAdjustmentMechanism(CBAM)?A.Totaxindustriesincountrieswithpoorenvironmentalrecords.B.Toincentivizerenewableenergyinvestments.C.Tosupportcoalproductionindevelopingnations.D.ToreduceenergyconsumptioninEurope.8.WhatisthemainconcernofenvironmentalistsregardingtheGreenDeal?A.Itistooslowtoaddressclimatechange.B.Itwillleadtojoblossesincoal-dependentregions.C.Itfavorsdevelopedcountriesoveremergingeconomies.D.Itdoesnotprioritizepublicopinion.Passage3(HealthcareInnovationintheU.S.)TheU.S.healthcaresystemhasseensignificanttechnologicaladvancementsinrecentyears,withtelemedicineandwearablehealthdevicesleadingtheway.A2023studybytheCentersforMedicare&MedicaidServices(CMS)foundthat46%ofAmericansusedtelehealthservicesduringthepandemic,asharpincreasefrom14%in2019.Meanwhile,companieslikeFitbitandApplearedevelopingAI-poweredhealthtrackersthatmonitorheartrates,bloodsugarlevels,andsleeppatterns.However,theseinnovationshaveraisedconcernsaboutdataprivacyandaffordability.TheBidenadministrationhasproposedtheAmericanRescuePlan,whichincludessubsidiesforhealthinsuranceandfundingfordigitalhealthinfrastructure.Despitetheseefforts,disparitiespersist,asruralareasstilllackaccesstoadvancedmedicaltechnologies.Industryexpertssuggestthatcollaborationbetweentechfirmsandhealthcareprovidersiscrucialtobridgethisgap.9.WhathasbeentheimpactoftelemedicineintheU.S.?A.Ithasreducedhealthcarecostssignificantly.B.Ithasincreasedaccesstomedicalservices.C.Ithasreplacedtraditionaldoctorvisitsentirely.D.Ithasledtojoblossesinhealthcarefacilities.10.WhatisamajorchallengetohealthcareinnovationintheU.S.?A.Highcostsofmedicaldevices.B.Limitedgovernmentfunding.C.Privacyconcernsoverhealthdata.D.Lackofpublictrustintechnology.PartB:ReadingComprehension(段落匹配题)共5题，每题2分，合计10分Instructions:Matcheachofthefollowingstatements(1-5)withtheappropriateparagraph(A-E)fromthepassagebelow.Eachparagraphmaybeusedonceornotatall.Passage4(UrbanDevelopmentinJapan)Japan’srapidurbanizationhasposedsignificantchallenges,particularlyinTokyoandOsaka.Overthepastdecade,thegovernmenthasimplementedpoliciestopromotesmartcities,suchasIoT(InternetofThings)infrastructureandsustainabletransportationsystems.Forinstance,Tokyo’sSmartCityProjectaimstoreducecarbonemissionsbyoptimizingenergyuseinbuildingsandpublicspaces.However,trafficcongestionremainsamajorissue,asthenumberofcarscontinuestorisedespiteeffortstoencouragepublictransit.InOsaka,thecityhaslaunchedapilotprogramtotestautonomouselectricshuttles,hopingtoalleviatepressureontraditionaltransportnetworks.Meanwhile,housingshortageshaveledtotheconstructionofhigh-riseapartmentsinsuburbanareas,oftenwithlimitedaccesstogreenspaces.Urbanplannersarenowfocusingonintegratingnatureintocitydesignstoimproveresidents’well-being.EnvironmentalistsarguethatthesemeasuresareinsufficientandcallformoreradicalchangestoJapan’surbanmodel.1.IoTtechnologyisbeingusedtoaddresswhichurbanproblem?2.WhatinitiativeisOsakatestingtoreducetraffic?3.Whyarehigh-riseapartmentsbeingbuiltinsuburbanareas?4.Howdourbanplannersaimtoimproveresidents’qualityoflife?5.WhatisthemaincriticismofJapan’surbandevelopmentpolicies?AnswerKeyforPartB:1-D,2-E,3-C,4-A,5-BPartC:True/False/NotGiven(判断题)共5题，每题2分，合计10分Instructions:Readthepassagecarefullyanddecidewhethereachstatement(1-5)isTrue(T),False(F),orNotGiven(NG).Passage5(AgriculturalTechnologyinIndia)India’sagriculturalsectorhaswitnessedatransformationinrecentyears,withtheadoptionofprecisionfarmingtechnologies.Dronesequippedwithsensorsmonitorcrophealth,whileGPS-enabledtractorsoptimizelanduse.A2023reportbytheIndianCouncilofAgriculturalResearch(ICAR)notesthatthesetechnologieshaveincreasedyieldsbyupto30%insomeregions.However,smallfarmersfacechallengesinaccessingsuchadvancedtoolsduetohighcosts.ThegovernmenthasintroducedschemesliketheKisanCreditCardtoprovidefinancialsupport,buttheireffectivenessremainslimited.Waterscarcityisanotherconcern,asirrigationsystemsinruralareasareoftenoutdated.Scientistsaredevelopingdrought-resistantcropstomitigatethisissue,buttheirwidespreadadoptionisslow.Environmentalgroupswarnthatindiscriminateuseofagrochemicalsmayharmsoilfertilityinthelongrun.1.PrecisionfarmingtechnologieshavesignificantlyimprovedcropyieldsinIndia.2.Smallfarmerscaneasilyaffordadvancedagriculturaltools.3.TheKisanCreditCardschemehasfullyresolvedfinancialissuesforfarmers.4.Drought-resistantcropsarealreadywidelyusedinIndia.5.Agrochemicalsareconsideredbeneficialforlong-termsoilhealth.AnswerKey&ExplanationPartA:MultipleChoice1.BExplanation:Thepassagediscussesboththebenefits(e.g.,personalizedlearning)andchallenges(e.g.,urban-ruralgap)ofAIinChineseeducation,makingBthecorrectanswer.2.BExplanation:CriticsarguethatAIexacerbatestheeducationdividebecausehigh-techinfrastructureisconcentratedinurbanareas,leavingruralschoolsbehind.3.BExplanation:Predictiveanalyticshelpuniversitiesassessapplicants’potentialbyanalyzingtheiracademicandextracurricularrecords.4.BExplanation:TheauthorsuggeststhatAIwillbridgetheeducationgapbyprovidingresourcestounderservedcommunitiesinthelongterm.5.BExplanation:ThepassagestatesthattheGreenDeal’sprimarygoalistoachievecarbonneutralityby2050.6.CExplanation:GermanyphasedoutcoaltocomplywiththeEU’sRenewableEnergyDirective,whichmandatesincreaseduseofrenewables.7.AExplanation:CBAMtaxesindustriesincountrieswithweakerenvironmentalregulationstopreventcarbonleakagetoEurope.8.AExplanation:EnvironmentalistsarguethattheGreenDealistooslowtomeetclimategoalseffectively.9.BExplanation:Telemedicinehasincreasedaccesstomedicalservices,especiallyduringthepandemic.10.CExplanation:PrivacyconcernsoverhealthdataareamajorchallengetohealthcareinnovationintheU.S.PartB:ReadingComprehension1-DExplanation:ParagraphD