2026年研究生入学英语考试阅读理解专项题库

2026年研究生入学英语考试阅读理解专项题库Part1:MultipleChoice(选择题)共5题，每题2分，总计10分Passage1:Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassignificantlytransformedurbanplanninginmajorcitiesacrossEastAsia.Traditionalmethodsofinfrastructuredevelopmentarebeingreplacedbydata-drivenapproaches,leveragingmachinelearningtooptimizetrafficflow,energyconsumption,andpublicservices.Forinstance,Tokyo’sSmartCityInitiativeemploysAIalgorithmstopredictcongestionpatterns,reducingcommutetimesbyupto30%.However,criticsarguethatsuchrelianceontechnologymayexacerbatesocialinequalities,ashigh-techsolutionsoftenrequiresubstantialfinancialinvestmentsthatsmallercitiescannotafford.Policymakersnowfacethechallengeofbalancinginnovationwithinclusivitytoensuresustainableurbangrowth.Questions:1.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?A)TheeconomicbenefitsofAIinurbanplanning.B)ThechallengesofimplementingAIinEastAsiancities.C)Theroleofdata-drivenmethodsinmoderninfrastructure.D)ThesocialimpactsofAIonurbandevelopment.(Answer:C)2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyadvantageofAIinurbanplanning?A)Reducedgovernmentspendingoninfrastructure.B)Improvedefficiencyintrafficmanagement.C)Eliminationofsocialinequalities.D)Decreasedrelianceonhumandecision-making.(Answer:B)3.WhatconcerndocriticsraiseaboutAIinurbanplanning?A)Itmayleadtojoblossesintheconstructionindustry.B)Itrequiresexcessivefunding,excludingsmallercities.C)Itincreasestrafficcongestionduetooveruse.D)Itlackstheabilitytoadapttochangingconditions.(Answer:B)4.Whatchallengedopolicymakersface?A)HowtointegrateAIwithtraditionalplanningmethods.B)Howtobalancetechnologicalinnovationwithaffordability.C)HowtoreduceAIdependencyinfavorofhumanexpertise.D)HowtomakeAIsystemsmoreuser-friendlyforthepublic.(Answer:B)5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofurbanplanning?A)AIwillcompletelyreplacehumaninvolvement.B)Traditionalmethodswillremaindominant.C)Ahybridapproachcombiningtechnologyandinclusivityisneeded.D)High-techsolutionswillonlybenefitmajorcities.(Answer:C)Part2:ClozeTest(填空题)共5空，每空2分，总计10分Passage:Theglobalclimatecrisishasforcedgovernmentsworldwidetoreevaluatetheirenergypolicies.Renewableenergysourceslikewindandsolarpoweraregainingtraction,buttheirintermittentnatureposeschallengesforgridstability.Toaddressthis,researchersareexploringadvancedenergystoragesolutions,suchaslithium-ionbatteriesandhydrogenfuelcells.Forexample,Norway’sextensivehydropowernetworkenablesittostoreexcessenergyduringpeakproduction,ensuringaconsistentpowersupply.However,thehighcostsofthesetechnologiesremainabarriertowidespreadadoptionindevelopingregions.Asnationsstrivetomeetcarbonneutralitygoals,theintegrationofsmartgridsandenergystoragesystemswillbecrucialforasustainableenergyfuture.Questions:6.Fillintheblank:Renewableenergysourceslikewindandsolarpoweraregaining______inglobalenergymarkets.A)dominanceB)tractionC)declineD)criticism(Answer:B)7.Whatproblemdointermittentenergysourcesface?Fillintheblank:Their______naturemakesitdifficulttomaintaingridstability.A)predictableB)consistentC)intermittentD)efficient(Answer:C)8.Fillintheblank:Norway’shydropowernetworkenablesittostoreexcessenergyduring______production.A)peakB)lowC)off-peakD)seasonal(Answer:A)9.Whatremainsabarriertorenewableenergyadoptionindevelopingregions?Fillintheblank:Thehighcostsofthesetechnologiesremaina______towidespreadadoption.A)solutionB)incentiveC)barrierD)benefit(Answer:C)10.Fillintheblank:Asnationsstrivetomeetcarbonneutralitygoals,theintegrationofsmartgridsandenergystoragesystemswillbe______forasustainableenergyfuture.A)unnecessaryB)irrelevantC)crucialD)optional(Answer:C)Part3:True/False/NotGiven(判断题)共5题，每题2分，总计10分Passage:Theriseofe-commercehasrevolutionizedtheretailindustry,particularlyinSoutheastAsia.OnlinemarketplaceslikeShopeeandLazadahavetransformedconsumerbehavior,withmanypreferringtheconvenienceofhomedelivery.However,thisshifthasalsodisruptedtraditionalbrick-and-mortarstores,leadingtojoblossesintheretailsector.Governmentsintheregionareimplementingpoliciestosupportsmallbusinessesbypromotinglocalartisansandfosteringofflineshoppingexperiences.Additionally,thepandemicacceleratedtheadoptionofcontactlesspaymentsystems,furtherintegratingtechnologyintodailytransactions.Despitethesechallenges,e-commerceisexpectedtocontinuegrowing,reshapingthefutureofretailintheregion.Questions:11.Isthepassageprimarilyaboutthedeclineofbrick-and-mortarstores?A)TrueB)FalseC)NotGiven(Answer:B)12.Didthepandemicslowdowntheadoptionofcontactlesspayments?A)TrueB)FalseC)NotGiven(Answer:B)13.Aregovernmentpoliciesaimedatsupportingsmallbusinesses?A)TrueB)FalseC)NotGiven(Answer:A)14.Doesthepassagesuggestthate-commercewilldeclineinthefuture?A)TrueB)FalseC)NotGiven(Answer:B)15.Istheintegrationoftechnologyintodailytransactionsdiscussedinthepassage?A)TrueB)FalseC)NotGiven(Answer:A)Part4:SummaryCompletion(摘要填空)共5空，每空2分，总计10分Passage:Theincreasingprevalenceofremoteworkhaspromptedorganizationstoreevaluatetheirofficepolicies.Manycompaniesareadoptinghybridmodels,allowingemployeestoworkfromhomepart-timewhilemaintainingin-officecollaboration.Thisshifthasbroughtbothbenefitsandchallenges.Onthepositiveside,remoteworkhasimprovedwork-lifebalanceandreducedcommutingcostsforemployees.However,ithasalsohighlightedissuessuchasdigitalinequality,wherenotallworkershaveaccesstoreliableinternetorquiethomeenvironments.Tomitigatetheseproblems,businessesareinvestinginvirtualcollaborationtoolsandprovidingergonomicequipmentforremoteworkers.Additionally,managersarefocusingonfosteringteamcohesionthroughvirtualteam-buildingactivities.Asthetrendtowardremoteworkcontinues,companieswillneedtostrikeabalancebetweenflexibilityandproductivity.Questions:16.Fillintheblank:Theincreasingprevalenceofremoteworkhaspromptedorganizationsto______theirofficepolicies.A)ignoreB)reevaluateC)expandD)simplify(Answer:B)17.Whathasimprovedduetoremotework?Fillintheblank:Remoteworkhasimproved______foremployees.A)stresslevelsB)work-lifebalanceC)productivityD)officeconflicts(Answer:B)18.Whatchallengehasremoteworkhighlighted?Fillintheblank:Remoteworkhashighlightedissuessuchas______inequality.A)genderB)digitalC)economicD)racial(Answer:B)19.Whatarebusinessesinvestingintosupportremoteworkers?Fillintheblank:Businessesareinvestingin______toolsandprovidingergonomicequipment.A)communicationB)collaborationC)entertainmentD)security(Answer:B)20.Whataremanagersfocusingontofosterteamcohesion?Fillintheblank:Managersarefocusingon______throughvirtualteam-buildingactivities.A)reducingconflictsB)increasingproductivityC)fosteringteamcohesionD)minimiz