八年级英语Unit8知识点导学案及练习册

亲爱的同学们，欢迎来到Unit8的学习旅程！本单元我们将一同探索与“食物制作”相关的英语表达，从核心词汇、关键句型到实用的听说读写技能，希望通过这份导学案，大家能够系统梳理知识，夯实基础，并在实践中灵活运用。让我们一起开启这段美味的英语学习之旅吧！I.单元核心词汇(KeyVocabulary)在学习新单元时，词汇是基石。请同学们务必认真掌握以下单词和短语的含义及用法，并尝试在语境中运用它们。A.食材类(Ingredients)*ingredient(n.)原料，成分**e.g.,Whataretheingredientsofthiscake?**flour(n.)面粉*sugar(n.)糖*salt(n.)盐*butter(n.)黄油*milk(n.)牛奶*egg(n.)鸡蛋*water(n.)水*oil(n.)油*vegetable(n.)蔬菜*fruit(n.)水果*meat(n.)肉*rice(n.)米饭*noodle(n.)面条B.厨具类(CookingUtensils)*pot(n.)锅*pan(n.)平底锅*bowl(n.)碗*spoon(n.)勺子*fork(n.)叉子*knife(n.)刀*plate(n.)盘子*cup(n.)杯子*oven(n.)烤箱*stove(n.)炉子，火炉C.动作类动词(ActionVerbs)*peel(v.)剥皮，去皮**e.g.,Peelthebananasfirst.**cut(v.)切，割**e.g.,Cutthevegetablesintosmallpieces.**chop(v.)切碎*mix(v.)混合**e.g.,Mixtheflourandwater.**stir(v.)搅拌**e.g.,Stirthesoupforafewminutes.**pour(v.)倒，灌**e.g.,Pourthemilkintotheglass.**boil(v.)煮沸，煮**e.g.,Boilthenoodlesinwater.**fry(v.)油炸，煎*bake(v.)烤，烘焙*add(v.)增加，添加**e.g.,Addsomesalttothedish.**cook(v.)烹饪，煮*prepare(v.)准备*serve(v.)服务，端上（食物）D.其他重要词汇(OtherImportantWords)*recipe(n.)食谱*step(n.)步骤*finally(adv.)最后，最终*first(adv.)首先*next(adv.)接下来*then(adv.)然后*howmuch(多少，提问不可数名词数量)*howmany(多少，提问可数名词数量)*alittle(一点，修饰不可数名词)*afew(一些，修饰可数名词)*delicious(adj.)美味的*taste(v./n.)品尝，味道II.重点句型与语法(KeySentencePatternsandGrammarFocus)本单元的核心是学习如何描述食物的制作过程，因此我们会重点学习祈使句、表示顺序的连接词以及如何询问和回答食材数量。A.祈使句(ImperativeSentences)-用于给出指令或建议*肯定式：动词原形开头。**Peelthreebananas.*(剥三根香蕉。)**Cutupthetomatoes.*(把西红柿切碎。)**Mixthemalltogether.*(把它们全部混合起来。)*否定式：Don't+动词原形。**Don'taddtoomuchsalt.*(不要加太多盐。)**Don'tboiltheeggsfortoolong.*(鸡蛋不要煮太久。)用法提示：在制作食谱时，祈使句非常常用，简洁明了地告诉读者该做什么。B.表示顺序的连接词(SequenceWords)-使步骤更清晰*First,...(首先，……)*Next,.../Then,...(接下来，……/然后，……)*Afterthat,...(在那之后，……)*Finally,...(最后，……)**e.g.,First,peeltheapples.Next,cutthemintosmallpieces.Then,putthemintoabowl.Finally,addsomehoneyandmix.*C.询问数量(AskingforQuantities)*Howmuch+不可数名词...?(多少……？)**Howmuchsugardoweneed?*(我们需要多少糖？)**Weneedalittlesugar.*(我们需要一点点糖。)/*Weneedtwospoonsofsugar.*(我们需要两勺糖。)*Howmany+可数名词复数...?(多少……？)**Howmanyeggsdoyouwant?*(你想要多少个鸡蛋？)**Iwantthreeeggs.*(我想要三个鸡蛋。)/*Ineedafeweggs.*(我需要一些鸡蛋。)D.描述制作过程的常用句型(UsefulSentencesforDescribingProcess)**Tomake...,youneed...*(为了制作……，你需要……)**Tomakeafruitsalad,youneedsomefruit,abowlandaspoon.***Thestepsareasfollows.*(步骤如下。)**It'seasytomake.*(它很容易制作。)**Let'smake...together.*(让我们一起制作……吧。)E.询问和提供帮助(OfferingandAskingforHelp)**CanIhelpyou?*(我能帮你吗？)**Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?*(你能把盐递给我吗？)**Sure.Hereyouare.*(当然。给你。)III.听力与口语策略(ListeningandSpeakingStrategies)A.听力技巧(ListeningTips)1.预测内容：在听录音前，根据题目或图片预测可能听到的食材、动作或步骤。2.捕捉关键词：重点听与食材(flour,milk)、动作(cut,mix,boil)、顺序(first,next,then,finally)和数量(howmuch,howmany,acupof,twospoons)相关的词。3.理解过程：听清制作某物的先后顺序，必要时可以简单记录步骤序号。B.口语运用(SpeakingPractice)1.描述食谱：运用所学句型和词汇，向同伴描述你熟悉的一道菜的制作过程。**Example:**"Icanmakescrambledeggs.First,breaktwoeggsintoabowl.Then,mixthemwell.Next,heatsomeoilinapan.Then,pourtheeggsintothepanandstir.Finally,addalittlesalt.It'sdone!"*2.询问食材：当不确定对方需要什么时，可以询问。**"Whatingredientsdoweneedforthecake?"*3.发出指令与回应：两人一组，一人扮演厨师，一人扮演助手，练习发出制作指令和回应。**A:"First,cutthepotatoes."B:"Okay,howshouldIcutthem?"A:"Cutthemintosmallcubes."*在阅读食谱或与食物制作相关的短文时：1.找主题：快速浏览，了解文章主要讲制作什么食物。2.抓结构：注意文章是否按照制作步骤(steps)来组织的，找出表示顺序的连接词。3.理解细节：仔细阅读每个步骤，理解需要什么食材，做什么动作。4.推测生词：对于不认识的食材或厨具名称，可以根据上下文或图片来推测。V.写作指导(WritingGuidance)本单元写作任务可能是写一篇关于如何制作某物（如水果沙拉、三明治等）的短文。A.写作步骤(WritingSteps)1.确定主题：选择你熟悉且容易描述的食物。2.列出食材和工具：思考制作这种食物需要哪些食材(ingredients)和工具(utensils)。3.组织步骤：按照制作的先后顺序，用first,next,then,finally等连接词组织步骤。每一步用祈使句开头。4.加入开头和结尾：*开头：简单介绍你要制作的食物，如*Ilike...verymuch.It'seasytomake.Letmetellyouhowtomakeit.**结尾：可以写品尝后的感受或邀请别人尝试，如*Ittastesverydelicious.Youcanhaveatry!*/*Now,your...isready.Enjoyit!*5.检查修正：检查语法、拼写错误，确保步骤清晰、逻辑连贯。B.写作范例框架(WritingExampleFramework)MyFavoriteFruitSaladIlikefruitsaladverymuch.It'shealthyanddelicious.Letmetellyouhowtomakeit.First,youneedsomeingredients:apples,bananas,strawberries,awatermelon,andsomeyogurt.Youalsoneedabowlandaknife.First,washallthefruits.Next,peeltheapplesandbananas.Then,cuttheapples,bananas,strawberriesandwatermelonintosmallpiecesandputthemintothebowl.Afterthat,poursomeyogurtintothebowl.Finally,mixthemallup.Now,yourfruitsaladisready.It'ssoeasy!Youcanenjoyitwithyourfamily.VI.单元练习题(UnitExercises)Exercise1:VocabularySpelling(词汇拼写)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.Pleasep______somemilkintotheglass.(pour)2.Youneedtob______thewaterbeforemakingtea.(boil)3.F______,don'tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.(Finally)4.Howm______sugardoweneedforthecake?(much)5.C______thetomatoesintosmallpieces,please.(Cut)Exercise2:ChoosetheBestAnswer(单项选择)()1.______thebananasandthenputthemintheblender.A.PeelB.PeelingC.PeeledD.Topeel()2.How______applesdoyouwant?A.manyB.muchC.someD.any()3.—______yogurtdoweneed?—Twocups.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howoften()4.Youshould______theingredientsinthebowl.A.mixB.mixesC.mixedD.mixing()5.First,cutupthevegetables.______,putthemintothepot.A.ThenB.AndC.ButD.SoExercise3:SentenceTransformation(句型转换)1.Weneedtwospoonsofhoney.(对划线部分提问)____________honeydoyouneed?(Howmuch)2.Youshouldcutthemeatintopieces.(改为祈使句)______themeatintopieces.(Cut)3.Therearefiveapplesonthetable.(对划线部分提问)____________applesarethereonthetable?(Howmany)4.Mixtheflourandthewater.(改为否定句)____________theflourandthewater.(Don'tmix)Exercise4:FillintheBlanks(短文填空)阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或根据上下文填入适当的词。Doyoulikepancakes?Theyareeasytomake.Let'slearnhowtomakethem.First,______(get)someingredients:flour,milk,eggs,sugarandalittlesalt.Next,______(put)theflourintoabowl.Then,______(break)twoeggsintothebowl.Addsomesugarandalittlesalt.Then,______(pour)somemilkintothebowland______(mix)themallup.Makesureit'sasmoothbatter(面糊).Afterthat,heatapanandputalittleoilonit.Whenthepanishot,poursomebatterintothepan.Cookthepancakeforaboutoneminute.Finally,______(turn)itoverandcooktheotherside.Now,yourpancakeisready.Youcaneatitwithsomebutterandhoney.Ittastes______(well)!阅读下面短文，回答问题。HowtoMakeaPeanutButterandJellySandwichApeanutbutterandjellysandwichisaclassicandtastysnack.Here'showtomakeit:Ingredients:2slicesofbreadpeanutbutterjelly(yourfavoriteflavor)aknifeSteps:1.First,taketwoslicesofbreadandputthemonaplate.2.Next,taketheknifeandspreadpeanutbutterononesliceofbread.Becarefulnottospreadittoothick!3.Then,spreadjellyontheothersliceofbread.4.Afterthat,putthetwoslicesofbreadtogether,witht