2026年船长考证英语试题库100道含完整答案【名校卷】

2026年船长考证英语试题库100道第一部分单选题(100题)1、Whatweatherphenomenonisdefinedasarotatingcolumnofairextendingfromathunderstormtotheground,posingseverenavigationhazards?

A.Thunderstorm

B.Hurricane

C.Tornado

D.Cyclone

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察极端天气现象的航海影响。龙卷风（Tornado）是强烈旋转的空气柱，可对船舶造成瞬间破坏（选项C）。选项A（雷暴）是强对流天气，无明显旋转柱体；选项B（飓风）为热带气旋，影响范围广但移动缓慢；选项D（气旋）是大范围低气压系统，均不符合“旋转柱体”的特征描述。2、AccordingtoSOLASConvention(1974),whatcriticaldocumentsmustthemasterverifybeforesailing?

A.Crewcertificates,logbooks,andnationalitycertificate

B.Life-savingappliancecertificates,fire-fightingequipmentcertificates,andnauticalcharts

C.Minimumsafemanningdocument,tonnagelicense,andoilpollutioncontingencyplan

D.Ship'sinspectioncertificate,cargostowageplan,andradioequipmentcertificate

【答案】：B

解析：SOLASrequiresverificationofvalidsafetyequipment(life-saving,fire-fighting)andnavigationalmaterials(charts).OptionA'slogbooksarecompletedbyofficers;OptionC'stonnagelicenseisport-related;OptionD'scargoplanisadeckdepartmentdocument.Master'sfocusisonsafetygearandnavigation,soBiscorrect.3、船舶在狭水道航行时，为避免碰撞危险，船长应首先采取的措施是？

A.减速至安全航速

B.立即转向至航道中央

C.抛锚等待通航条件改善

D.向附近船舶发送避让意图VHF呼叫

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察狭水道航行的避碰规则。根据《国际避碰规则》，狭水道航行时，船舶应采用安全航速行驶，以确保有足够时间和距离应对突发情况。选项B（转向至中央）可能因航道宽度限制导致危险；选项C（抛锚等待）会阻碍通航且可能引发后续碰撞风险；选项D（VHF呼叫）需在安全航速前提下进行，非首要措施。因此正确答案为A。4、Whatisthefullformoftheabbreviation'EPIRB'usedinmaritimeemergencies?

A.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon

B.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadarBeacon

C.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingBroadcastBeacon

D.EmergencyPosition-IndicatingBiometricBeacon

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际海事应急设备的英文全称。EPIRB（EmergencyPosition-IndicatingRadioBeacon）是遇险船舶发射遇险信号的关键设备，通过无线电信号定位遇险位置。B选项中的“RadarBeacon”（雷达信标）对应SART（搜救雷达应答器），与EPIRB功能不同；C选项“BroadcastBeacon”（广播信标）无此标准缩写；D选项“BiometricBeacon”（生物信标）属于无关术语。因此正确答案为A。5、Whichtermreferstotheleftsideofashipwhenfacingthebow?

A.Port

B.Starboard

C.Stern

D.Bow

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海基本术语。正确答案为A，因为“Port”在航海中特指船舶面向船首时的左侧（左舷）；B选项“Starboard”为右舷（面向船首时右侧）；C选项“Stern”指船尾；D选项“Bow”指船首，均不符合题意。6、WhichEnglishcommandisusedtoorder'Hardtostarboard'forsteering?

A.'Hardaport'

B.'Hardtoport'

C.'Hardtostarboard'

D.'Hardaround'

【答案】：C

解析：ThisquestionisabouttheEnglishcommandforsteering.ThecorrectanswerisC.'Hardtostarboard'isastandardnauticaltermmeaning'hardtostarboard'.OptionA,'Hardaport',isnotastandardterm.OptionB,'Hardtoport',means'hardtoport'(portisleft),whichistheoppositeofthequestion.OptionD,'Hardaround',hasnostandardmeaningasasteeringcommand.7、TheBeaufortWindForceScaleisusedtomeasurewhichofthefollowing?

A.Winddirection

B.Windspeed

C.Waveheight

D.Atmosphericpressure

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察气象观测工具。BeaufortWindForceScale（蒲福风级表）专门用于测量风力（即风速）。A风向由风向标测量；C浪高需通过波高仪或目测海况判断；D大气压由气压计测量，均非蒲福风级表的功能。8、Thefullformof'IMO'inmaritimecontextis______.

A.InternationalMaritimeOffice

B.InternationalMarineOrganization

C.InternationalMaritimeCommission

D.InternationalMaritimeOrganization

【答案】：D

解析：本题考察国际海事组织的英文缩写知识点，正确答案为D。因为IMO的标准全称是InternationalMaritimeOrganization（国际海事组织），而选项A的InternationalMaritimeOffice（国际海事局）是IMO下属机构；选项B的InternationalMarineOrganization是错误拼写，应为Maritime；选项C的InternationalMaritimeCommission并非国际海事组织的官方名称。9、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whentwopower-drivenvesselsareapproachingeachotherandcollisionisimminent,whichvesselshouldtakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Thevesselwhichistoport

B.Thevesselwhichistostarboard

C.Thevesselwhichhastherightofway

D.Thegive-wayvessel

【答案】：D

解析：ThisquestionexaminesthebasicprinciplesoftheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs).AccordingtoCOLREGs,thegive-wayvessel(theonethatshouldgiveway)isrequiredtotakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollisionwhentwopower-drivenvesselsareapproachingeachotherandcollisionisimminent.Thevesselontheportsideorstarboardsideisnotthedeterminingfactorfortakingaction.Thevesselwiththerightofwayshouldmaintainitscourseandspeedandnottaketheinitiativetochangecourseorspeed.SothecorrectanswerisD.10、Whichinstrumentisusedtomeasurethedepthofwaterundertheship?

A.Soundingmachine

B.Compass

C.Radar

D.Log

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶航海仪器的功能。Soundingmachine（测深仪）用于测量船底水深，是船舶航行安全的关键设备。选项BCompass（罗盘）用于指示方向；选项CRadar（雷达）用于探测周围目标和障碍物；选项DLog（计程仪）用于测量船舶航行速度和航程，均非测深工具。11、WhichSOLASchapterisprimarilyconcernedwiththeconstructionandequipmentofships?

A.ChapterI

B.ChapterII-1

C.ChapterIII

D.ChapterV

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约章节内容。SOLAS公约中，ChapterI为总则，ChapterII-1专门规定船舶构造（包括船体、结构、舱室等）及设备要求，ChapterIII涉及救生设备，ChapterV为航行设备。因此正确答案为B。12、Whenavesselisanchoredinrestrictedvisibility(e.g.,fog),whichsoundsignalshoulditemiteveryminute?

A.Oneprolongedblasteveryminute

B.Twoshortblastseverytwominutes

C.Threeshortblastseveryminute

D.Oneshortblastfollowedbytwolongblasts

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）中的声号规定。根据COLREGsRule34，锚泊船在能见度不良时（如雾、霾中），应每分钟鸣放一长声（prolongedblast）以表明自身位置。选项B的两短声不符合锚泊船规定；选项C的三短声通常用于引航船等特殊船舶；选项D的组合声号无对应锚泊场景，故正确答案为A。13、Whichofthefollowingtermsinnavigationreferstotheactualspeedofthevesselrelativetotheground(seabed)?

A.Speedoverground(SOG)

B.Boatspeed

C.Relativespeed

D.Speedthroughwater(STW)

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海核心术语，正确答案为A。在航海中，“Speedoverground(SOG)”即对地速度，指船舶相对于海底或固定参考点的实际航速，是船长判断船舶航行位置和到达时间的关键指标。选项B“Boatspeed”（船速）表述模糊，非标准术语；选项C“Relativespeed”（相对速度）指两物体间的速度差，与对地速度无关；选项D“Speedthroughwater(STW)”（船速）仅反映船舶相对于水流的速度，未考虑水流影响。14、Theterm'speedthroughthewater'isdefinedastheship'sspeedrelativeto______?

A.Water

B.Seabed

C.Atmosphere

D.Othervessels

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶速度术语的定义。'Speedthroughthewater'（船速）指船舶相对于水的速度，而对地速度（speedoverground）需考虑水流影响。选项B（Seabed）是对地速度的参考系；选项C（Atmosphere）不适用；选项D（Othervessels）非船速定义范畴。因此正确答案为A。15、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,whichofthefollowingisNOTacoreresponsibilityoftheMasterinshipsafetymanagement?

A.Developingandimplementingtheship'snavigationplan

B.EnsuringcompliancewithSOLASandlocalregulations

C.Directlyoperatingthemainengineincaseofemergency

D.Overseeingcrewtrainingandperformanceevaluation

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察STCW公约中船长的职责范围。正确答案为C。船长的核心职责包括制定航行计划（A）、确保法规合规（B）、监督船员培训（D），但直接操作主机属于驾驶员的具体操作任务，船长负责决策而非执行具体设备操作。16、Whentwopower-drivenvesselsarecrossing,whichvesselshallkeepoutofthewayaccordingtotheCOLREGs?

A.Thevesselwhichhastheotheronherportside

B.Thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardside

C.Thelargervessel

D.Thevesselwitharedlightonstarboard

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察避碰规则中交叉相遇船的责任。根据《国际海上避碰规则》，当两艘机动船交叉相遇时，有他船在本船右舷的船（即让路船）应承担避让责任，采取早而明显的行动避免碰撞。选项A描述的是直航船（他船在左舷），选项C无此规则，选项D涉及航行灯（红灯表示左舷船），与交叉相遇规则无关。因此正确答案为B。17、TheSOLASConventionappliestowhichtypeofships?

A.Allshipsengagedininternationalvoyages

B.Merchantshipsonly

C.Navalshipsandwarships

D.Fishingvesselsonly

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约（国际海上人命安全公约）的适用范围，正确答案为A。SOLAS公约适用于国际航行的所有船舶，包括客船、货船、渔船（国际航行）等，无论其所属国籍。选项B错误，SOLAS不仅适用于商船；选项C错误，军舰通常不受SOLAS约束；选项D错误，SOLAS适用于国际航行的渔船，而非仅渔船。18、WhichwindspeedrangecorrespondstoBeaufortScaleNumber8?

A.12-16knots

B.17-20knots

C.20-28knots

D.28-33knots

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察Beaufort风级的风速范围。BeaufortScale8级（强风）对应的风速为17-20.7节，选项B（17-20knots）符合。选项A（12-16knots）为6级（强风），选项C（20-28knots）为10级（狂风），选项D（28-33knots）为11级（暴风）。因此正确答案为B。19、Whichofthefollowinginformationmustberecordedintheship'slogbookaccordingtointernationalregulations?

A.Vessel'sheading,speed,position,weatherconditions,visibility

B.Alldetailsofengineroomoperations

C.Crewmembers'dailyschedulesandmeals

D.Detailsofnavigationequipmentmaintenance

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海日志记录规范。根据《国际海上避碰规则》，航海日志需记录船舶动态（航向、航速、船位）、航行环境（天气、能见度、海况）及关键操作，对应选项A。选项B（机舱操作细节）属于机舱日志；选项C（船员日程）为船上管理记录；选项D（设备维护）属于设备维修记录，均非航海日志核心内容，故正确答案为A。20、Duringafireonboard,whichistheFIRSTactiontotakeaccordingtotheship'sfireemergencyplan?

A.Immediatelystartthefirepumptosupplywater

B.Soundthegeneralalarmandalertthebridge/crew

C.Attempttoextinguishthefirewithavailableextinguishers

D.Closeallopeningstopreventsmokespread

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察火灾应急处置流程。船舶火灾应急中，第一步应立即发出警报（如通用报警）并通知驾驶台及相关船员，以便启动后续救援、疏散及灭火行动。选项A启动消防泵通常在火势可控后或需供水时进行；选项C直接灭火可能因未报警导致火势蔓延；选项D关闭开口是控制火势的措施，需在报警后进行。因此正确答案为B。21、Whenacollisionisimminent,whichactionshouldtheMastertakeFIRSTtoavoidcollision?

A.Reducespeedtotheminimumpossible

B.Altercoursetostarboardwithoutdelay

C.Soundthecollisionwarningsignal(fiveshortblasts)

D.Sendanurgentdistresssignal(SOS)

【答案】：A

解析：Thisquestiontestscollisionavoidancepriorities.ThecorrectanswerisA,asRule8ofCOLREGsrequiresreducingspeedtominimumwhencollisionisimminenttominimizeimpactseverity.B(immediatestarboardturn)mayincreaseriskifspeedisnotreduced;C(fiveblasts)isawarning,notaprimaryavoidanceaction;D(SOS)isprematurebeforecollisionoccurs.22、船舶在能见度不良时锚泊，应鸣放的号笛信号是？

A.一长声

B.两短一长声

C.三短声

D.五短声

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察《国际海上避碰规则》中锚泊船号笛信号规则。根据规则，锚泊船在能见度不良水域时，应每1分钟鸣放一长声（锚泊信号），以表明锚泊状态；选项B“两短一长声”是机动船在狭水道航行时的号笛信号；选项C“三短声”为遇险信号；选项D“五短声”非标准号笛信号。因此正确答案为A。23、Whichcommunicationchannelisinternationallyrecognizedastheprimarydistressandsafetychannelformaritimeradiocommunication?

A.SSBChannel16

B.VHFChannel16

C.NAVTEXChannel87B

D.AISChannel161

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察国际遇险通信渠道。正确答案为B。A选项“SSB”（单边带）是通信设备类型，非频道；C选项“NAVTEXChannel87B”用于接收航行警告，不用于遇险呼救；D选项“AISChannel161”为船舶自动识别系统频道，无遇险功能。VHFChannel16（甚高频16频道）是《国际海上避碰规则》及SOLAS公约明确规定的全球遇险与安全专用频道。24、InacrossingsituationasperCOLREGs,whichofthefollowingactionsshouldthestand-onvesseltake?

A.Maintaincourseandspeeduntilitisclearthatthegive-wayvesselistakingappropriateactiontoavoidcollision.

B.Immediatelyaltercoursetoporttoavoidcollision.

C.Reducespeedtohalftheoriginalspeedtogivemoretimeforthegive-wayvesseltomaneuver.

D.Soundoneshortblastofthewhistletoindicateintentiontostarboardturn.

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）中交叉相遇局面下直航船的义务。根据COLREGsRule14，直航船的核心义务是保持航向和航速，直至确认让路船已采取有效避让行动。选项B错误，直航船无义务主动转向；选项C错误，直航船无需减速；选项D错误，一短声鸣笛非避碰规则中的避让信号。因此正确答案为A。25、Inmodernnavigation,themostreliableprimarymethodtodeterminetheship’spositionis______.

A.GPS

B.Radar

C.EchoSounder

D.MagneticCompass

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察现代导航技术。GPS（全球定位系统）通过卫星信号提供高精度三维定位，是现代船舶航行的核心定位手段。B选项雷达主要用于探测周围目标（如船舶、障碍物）；C选项EchoSounder（测深仪）仅用于测量水深；D选项磁罗经仅提供航向参考。因此正确答案为A。26、Whichweatherphenomenonischaracterizedbyarapidlyrotatingcolumnofairextendingfromacumulonimbuscloudtotheground,oftencausingseveredamage?

A.Cyclone

B.Tornado

C.Hurricane

D.Typhoon

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察航海气象中极端天气现象的定义。Tornado（龙卷风）是强烈旋转的空气柱，从积雨云延伸至地面，破坏力极强，符合题干描述。A选项“Cyclone”（气旋）是大范围低气压系统，风力分布较均匀；C选项“Hurricane”（飓风）和D选项“Typhoon”（台风）均为大西洋和西北太平洋地区的热带气旋，中心风力强但范围更广，与“旋转空气柱”的局部性特征不符。因此正确答案为B。27、AccordingtoCOLREGs,whichvesselmusttakeearlyandsubstantialactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Give-wayvessel

B.Stand-onvessel

C.Crossingvessel

D.Overtakingvessel

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）中让路船的定义。Give-wayvessel（让路船）必须主动采取行动，避免与直航船（Stand-onvessel）碰撞，而直航船仅需保持航向和航速。选项B“Stand-onvessel”（直航船）无主动避让义务；选项C“Crossingvessel”（交叉相遇船）和D“Overtakingvessel”（追越船）是特定类型船舶，规则中明确让路船（Give-wayvessel）需承担主动避让责任，因此A为正确答案。28、AccordingtoSOLASConvention,whereshouldlifeboatsbestowedtoensurerapidlaunchinginanemergency?

A.Onlyonthestarboardsideoftheshipforeasyaccess.

B.Distributedonbothsidesoftheshipwiththeirdavitsreadyforimmediatelowering.

C.Alllifeboatsmustbestowedinthehighestpossiblepositiontoavoidflooding.

D.Lifeboatsshouldbeplacedintheforwardsectiontofacilitateearlyevacuation.

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中救生艇存放要求。SOLASRegulationIII/1明确要求救生艇应分布在船舶两舷，且配备随时可降落的吊艇架（davits）。选项A错误，救生艇不可仅存于右舷；选项C错误，最高位置易受恶劣天气影响且不利于快速操作；选项D错误，前部存放可能影响船舶稳性。因此正确答案为B。29、Uponencounteringanimmediatethreattothesafetyoftheship,theMaster'sprimaryresponsibilityisto______.

A.Directtheimmediateactionstoensuretheship'ssafety

B.Immediatelynotifytheshipownerofthesituation

C.Contactthenearestportauthorityforemergencyassistance

D.Waitforinstructionsfromthecompany'sshore-basedheadquarters

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船长在船舶安全威胁下的核心职责。船长首要职责是立即指挥采取行动保障船舶安全（选项A正确）。选项B、C属于后续辅助措施，非首要任务；选项D违背船长独立决策与指挥的职责要求，因此错误。30、Duringafireemergencyonboard,themaster'sprimaryresponsibilityisto...

A.Organizeimmediatefirefightingwithcrew

B.Ensurethesafeevacuationofallpersonsfromtheship

C.Controlthefirespreadbydirectinghoselines

D.Determinethefirelocationandcause

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船长在应急指挥中的核心职责。正确答案为B，船长的首要职责是保障船舶人员（包括船员、旅客、乘客）的生命安全，优先组织安全撤离。A选项‘Organizefirefighting’（组织灭火）通常由大副/轮机长指挥，属于执行层面；C选项‘Directhoselines’（指挥水带操作）为消防员的具体任务；D选项‘Determinefirelocation/cause’（确定火灾位置/原因）属于事后调查范畴，非紧急情况下的首要行动。31、WhichistheinternationallyrecognizedvisualdistresssignalspecifiedinSOLASChapterIIIformaritimeemergencies?

A.Rocketparachutesignal(redororangeflares)

B.VHFChannel16voicedistresscall

C.Inmarsat-Cdistressalertviasatellite

D.AISdistresspositionreportwiththeappropriateicon

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约中遇险信号的分类。SOLASIII明确规定，视觉遇险信号包括火箭降落伞信号（Rocketparachutesignal）、手持红光信号等。选项B是VHF遇险通信频道，但“voicecall”本身非信号类型；选项C是Inmarsat-C遇险报警，属于无线电电子信号；选项D是AIS设备的遇险功能，非独立信号。正确答案为A，因其是SOLAS明确的视觉遇险信号类型。32、GPS定位系统中，用于提高定位精度的差分GPS英文缩写是？

A.DGPS

B.GPS

C.GLONASS

D.AIS

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海导航设备英文缩写。DGPS（DifferentialGPS）即差分全球定位系统，通过地面差分基准站向船舶提供修正数据，大幅提高GPS定位精度；选项B“GPS”为基础全球定位系统，无差分修正功能；选项C“GLONASS”是俄罗斯全球导航卫星系统，与差分无关；选项D“AIS”为船舶自动识别系统，非定位系统。因此正确答案为A。33、Whatdoestheabbreviation'LOA'standforinmaritimeterms?

A.LengthBetweenPerpendiculars

B.LengthOverall

C.Beam

D.Draft

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察航海基础术语缩写含义。选项A'LengthBetweenPerpendiculars'是垂线间长（LBP），选项B'LengthOverall'是总长（LOA），即从船首柱前端到船尾柱后端的最大长度，选项C'Beam'指船宽，选项D'Draft'指吃水。因此正确答案为B。34、WhichofthefollowingisacorerequirementoftheInternationalSafetyManagement(ISM)Code?

A.ThemastershallensuretheshipoperateswithavalidSafetyManagementSystem(SMS)

B.Theshipmustcarryaminimumof10lifejacketsforcrewmembers

C.Thevessel'sradioequipmentmustpassannualinspections

D.Theship'screwmustattendmonthlysafetydrills

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察ISM规则核心要求。ISM规则要求建立并维护有效的安全管理体系（SMS），船长负责确保SMS的合规运行。B选项救生衣数量、C选项无线电年检、D选项月度演练均非ISM规则强制要求（属于具体操作细节）。因此正确答案为A。35、AccordingtoSOLASChapterIII,theminimumnumberoflifebuoysrequiredonacargoshipwithagrosstonnageof1000GTis______.

A.6

B.8

C.10

D.12

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约救生设备要求知识点。正确答案为A，根据SOLASChapterIII，1000GT货船需至少配备6个救生圈（每500GT至少1个，且首尾、两舷分布不少于2个/舷）。B选项8个为小型客船标准，C选项10个和D选项12个均为大型船舶（如2000GT以上）的额外配置要求，不符合题干“minimum”（最低）条件。36、Whentwopower-drivenvesselsareapproachinghead-on,whichCOLREGsrulegovernstheircollisionavoidanceactions?

A.Rule14(Head-onsituation)

B.Rule15(Crossingsituation)

C.Rule16(Actionbyvesselinsight)

D.Rule17(Responsibilityclauses)

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）的核心条款，正确答案为A。解析：Rule14明确规定，当两机动船航向相反（对遇局面）时，两船应各自向右转向，以避免碰撞，且双方均负有同等避让责任。选项B的Rule15适用于“Crossingsituation”（交叉相遇局面），即一船从另一船右舷或左舷横越其前方，此时让路船需采取避让行动；选项C的Rule16强调“互见中船舶的行动原则”，属于一般性转向避让要求，不针对特定局面；选项D的Rule17仅明确不同局面下的责任分配，未规定具体避让动作。37、Whenloweringalifeboatfromaship,whichoperationisessentialforsafety?

A.Loweringrapidlytosavetime

B.Mustbeoperatedwhentheshipiscompletelystationary

C.DirectedbytheSecondOfficer

D.Personnelinthelifeboatshouldfastensafetybelts

【答案】：D

解析：本题考察救生艇降落操作安全要求。正确答案为D，救生艇内人员必须系好安全带，防止艇体晃动或落水。A错误，快速降落易导致失控或碰撞；B错误，船舶通常在低速前进或停车状态下即可安全降落；C错误，救生艇操作通常由艇长或指定艇员指挥，非固定由二副负责。38、WhichofthefollowingisNOTanecessaryconditionfortheapplicationofthe'GiveWay'rule(COLREGsRule17)?

A.Whentwovesselsareinsightofeachother

B.Whenthereisariskofcollisionbetweenthevessels

C.WhentheGive-WayvesselisonthestarboardsideoftheStand-Onvessel

D.Whenthevesselsareapproachingeachotheronconvergingcourses

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察避碰规则（COLREGs）知识点。正确答案为C，COLREGsRule17中“GiveWay”（让路）规则适用于两船接近有碰撞危险时（A、B、D均为必要条件），但“让路船在直航船右舷”并非必要条件——直航船与让路船的位置关系可通过交叉相遇、追越等多种场景形成，非让路规则的前提条件。A、B、D均为让路船适用的典型场景条件。39、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,whatmeansshouldanavigatingofficeronwatchuseforlookout?

A.Visual,auditory,radar,VHF

B.Visual,auditory,radar,electronicnavigationaids

C.Onlyvisualandauditorymeans

D.OnlyradarandAIS

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察STCW公约中航行瞭望的要求。正确答案为B，瞭望应综合运用视觉、听觉、雷达及电子助航设备，以全面掌握船舶周围环境。A选项VHF属于通信工具，非瞭望手段；C错误，电子设备是瞭望的重要辅助；D错误，忽略了视觉、听觉等基本瞭望手段。40、WhichofthefollowingistheprimaryresponsibilityoftheMasterregardingtheSafetyManagementSystem(SMS)?

A.Toensurethevessel'snavigationequipmentiswell-maintained

B.ToimplementandenforcetheSMSonboard

C.Topreparetheship'slogbookentriesforportinspection

D.ToreportallaccidentstotheMaritimeAdministrationimmediately

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船长在安全管理体系（SMS）中的核心职责。根据ISMCode，船长的首要职责是确保SMS在船上有效实施和执行，包括制定计划、监督体系运行及处理不符合项。选项A（设备维护）主要由大副或轮机长负责；选项C（日志准备）为船长日常职责，但非SMS核心；选项D（事故报告）属于应急处理流程，非SMS实施的核心。因此正确答案为B。41、Whichinstrumentisusedtomeasurethedirectionofthewindrelativetotheship'sheading?

A.Anemometer

B.Windvane

C.Magneticcompass

D.Echosounder

【答案】：B

解析：Thisquestionisaboutidentifyingtheinstrumentusedtomeasurewinddirection.OptionBiscorrectbecauseawindvaneisspecificallydesignedtoshowthedirectionfromwhichthewindisblowingrelativetotheship'sheading.OptionA,anemometer,isusedtomeasurewindspeed,notdirection.OptionC,amagneticcompass,isusedtodeterminethedirectionoftheship'sheading,notthewinddirection.OptionD,anechosounder,isusedtomeasurewaterdepth,notwind.42、WhichweathersystemischaracterizedbyacentrallowpressureandcounterclockwisewindcirculationintheNorthernHemisphere?

A.TropicalCyclone

B.Anticyclone

C.Mid-latitudeCyclone

D.MonsoonDepression

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海气象学基础知识。热带气旋（TropicalCyclone）在北半球因科里奥利力呈逆时针旋转，中心气压极低（低压），符合题干描述。选项B错误，反气旋（Anticyclone）为中心高压，北半球顺时针旋转；选项C错误，温带气旋虽中心低压，但常伴随锋面活动，旋转特征不如热带气旋典型；选项D错误，季风低压是热带气旋的一种特殊类型，题干问“天气系统类型”，热带气旋更具代表性。故正确答案为A。43、Incaseofavesselindistress,whichVHFchannelshouldbeusedforemergencyvoicecommunication?

A.Ch16

B.Ch70

C.Ch13

D.Ch08

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶遇险VHF通信频道使用。正确答案为A，Ch16（156.8MHz）是国际公认的遇险与安全频道，用于船舶遇险时的紧急语音呼叫。B选项Ch70主要用于DSC遇险信号传输；C选项Ch13（156.525MHz）多用于港口作业沟通；D选项Ch08（156.4MHz）为交通管制频道，非遇险频道。44、Incaseofafireoutbreakintheengineroom,whichistheFIRSTactiontheMastershouldtake?

A.Orderimmediateabandonship(OAB)

B.Soundthegeneralalarmandinitiatetheship'sfire-fightingplan

C.Attempttoextinguishthefireusingportablefireextinguishers

D.Proceedtotheengineroomtopersonallyassessthesituation

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶应急处理流程，正确答案为B。根据船舶消防规范，火灾发生时，船长应首先“发出全船警报（GeneralAlarm）”，启动消防应急预案（如通知各部门职责分工、组织灭火队），确保船员快速响应。选项A“立即弃船”仅在火势失控、危及船舶安全时使用，非第一步骤；选项C“个人使用灭火器”易延误时机且可能因火势扩大危及自身；选项D“亲自评估”应在警报启动后由指挥中心统筹，非第一动作。45、ToobtainaMaster'sCertificateofCompetencyunderSTCW,whichofthefollowingisamandatoryrequirement?

A.Completionofarecognizedmaritimetrainingprogram

B.Minimumseaserviceof36monthsasaMaster

C.Successfulcompletionofwrittenandpracticalexaminations

D.Alloftheabove

【答案】：D

解析：STCWrequirescandidatestocompleteapprovedmaritimetrainingprograms(A),accumulateaminimumof36monthsofseaserviceasaMaster(B),andpassbothwrittenandpracticalexaminations(C).Sinceallthesearemandatoryrequirements,Disthecorrectanswer.46、Whatdoestheterm'makingway'meaninnauticalcontext?

A.Thevesselisunderwayandmovingforwardwithspeed

B.Thevesselisatanchor

C.Thevesselisdriftingwiththecurrentwithoutenginepower

D.Thevesselhasstoppeditsenginesandisdeadinthewater

【答案】：A

解析：Thisquestionfocusesonthenauticalterm'makingway'.OptionAiscorrectbecause'makingway'specificallyindicatesthatthevesselisunderwayandhasforwardspeed.OptionBmeansthevesselisanchoredandnotmovingforward.OptionCdescribesdrifting,whichisadifferentstatewherethevesselisnotpropellingitselfandisjustmovingwiththecurrent.OptionDmeansthevesselhasnopowerandisstationary,whichis'deadinthewater',not'makingway'.47、Iftwovesselsareonacrossingcourse,andonevesselobservestheother'ssternlight,whichrulegovernstheirinteraction?

A.Head-onsituation(Rule13)

B.Overtakingsituation(Rule14)

C.Crossingsituation(Rule15)

D.Collisionavoidance(Rule19)

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察交叉相遇局面（CrossingSituation）的定义。根据COLREGsRule14，当两船航向交叉且一船看到另一船的尾灯（sternlight）时，属于交叉相遇局面，此时有让路船和直航船之分。选项A（对遇局面）应同时看到对方的前后桅灯，排除；选项B（追越局面）需一船位于另一船的尾追方向，与尾灯无关；选项D（Rule19）为碰撞危险条款，非相遇局面，故正确答案为C。48、根据SOLAS公约，每艘船舶应配备的救生艇数量应满足什么要求？

A.至少1艘机动救生艇，能容纳船上总人数的100%

B.至少2艘救生艇，每艘能容纳船上总人数的50%

C.至少1艘非机动救生艇，能容纳船上总人数的75%

D.至少3艘救生艇，每艘能容纳船上总人数的60%

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约对救生艇配置的要求。SOLAS公约明确规定：每艘船舶应配备至少1艘机动救生艇，且救生艇总容量应能容纳船上总人数的100%（含船员及乘客），以确保紧急情况下所有人员均能安全登乘。选项B（50%容量）和D（60%容量）均未达到最低标准；选项C（非机动救生艇）不符合公约对救生艇“机动优先”的要求。因此正确答案为A。49、AccordingtoSTCWConvention,whichofthefollowingistheMaster'sprimaryresponsibility?

A.Ensurethesafenavigationoftheshipandcompliancewithinternationalregulations

B.Supervisecargoloading/unloadingandmaintaincargorecords

C.Operatetheship'sradiocommunicationequipmentandsenddistresssignals

D.Conductregularengineroominspectionsandmaintainengineperformance

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察STCW公约中船长的核心职责。船长的首要职责是确保船舶安全航行并遵守国际法规，涵盖航行安全、防污染、船员管理等全局事务。B选项属于大副职责；C选项通常由驾驶员或GMDSS操作员负责；D选项为轮机长职责。因此正确答案为A。50、WhichcommandwouldaMasterissuetotheEngineRoomtomaintainthevessel'sspeedwhileproceedingthroughanarrowchannel?

A."Reducespeedimmediately"

B."Maintainspeedasset"

C."Increasespeedtofullpower"

D."Stoptheengine"

【答案】：B

解析：Innarrowchannels,maintainingasteadyspeediscrucialforsafemaneuvering.OptionB,"Maintainspeedasset",istheappropriatecommand.OptionAisincorrectbecausereducingspeedisunnecessaryunlessinstructed.OptionCiswrongasincreasingspeedcouldbedangerousinconfinedwaters.OptionDisincorrectasstoppingtheenginewouldpreventprogressinthechannel.Therefore,Bisthecorrectanswer.51、Theterm'wayon'inmarinenavigationrefersto______.

A.Thevessel'sspeedthroughthewater

B.Thevessel'sabilitytomaintaincourse

C.Thevessel'sabilitytoturnsharply

D.Thevessel'sresponsetoruddercommands

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察航海术语“wayon”的定义。“wayon”在航海中特指船舶在水中的前进速度（即船速），与船舶通过水的相对运动相关。选项B（保持航向能力）对应“keepingway”或“coursestability”；选项C（转向能力）为“maneuverability”；选项D（对舵的响应）为“steeringresponse”，均不符合术语定义。因此正确答案为A。52、Whatdoestheabbreviation'SOLAS'standforinmaritimeregulations?

A.SafetyofLifeatSeaConvention

B.InternationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionfromShips

C.InternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers

D.InternationalMaritimeDangerousGoodsCode

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际海事公约缩写。SOLAS是《国际海上人命安全公约》（InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea）的缩写。选项B为MARPOL（防污染公约），选项C为STCW（海员培训发证公约），选项D为IMDGCode（国际海运危险货物规则），均非SOLAS全称。53、Incaseofafireonboard,theMastershouldfirst______accordingtoSOLASregulations.

A.Initiatethefiresuppressionsystemimmediately

B.Soundthegeneralalarmandorganizecrewevacuation

C.Attempttoextinguishthefireusingonboardextinguishers

D.ContactthenearestMaritimeRescueCoordinationCenter(MRCC)directly

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察SOLAS公约下火灾应急处置程序。根据SOLAS第II-2章，船长在火灾发生时应优先启动警报并组织人员撤离（选项B），这是保障生命安全的首要步骤。选项A（直接启动灭火系统）可能延误疏散时机；选项C（自行灭火）不符合船长职责分工；选项D（直接联系MRCC）应在初步控制后进行，非第一响应措施。54、Whichinternationalconventionprimarilygovernsthesafetyoflifeatseaforships?

A.SOLAS

B.MARPOL

C.STCW

D.COLREGs

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际海事公约知识点。正确答案为A，SOLAS（InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea）即《国际海上人命安全公约》，专门规定船舶结构、设备及操作标准以保障海上人命安全。B选项MARPOL（《国际防止船舶造成污染公约》）侧重船舶防污染；C选项STCW（《海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》）规范船员资质与值班行为；D选项COLREGs（《国际避碰规则》）仅针对船舶避让操作，未覆盖全船安全体系。55、InacrossingsituationasperCOLREGs,whichvesselisobligatedtotakeearlyactiontoavoidcollision?

A.Thevesselonthestarboardsideoftheother

B.Thevesselontheportsideoftheother

C.Thefastervessel

D.Thelargervessel

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察国际避碰规则（COLREGs）交叉相遇局面。正确答案为A。根据COLREGs第9条，交叉相遇时，“thevesselwhichhastheotheronherstarboardsideshallkeepoutoftheway”（右舷船为让路船），需主动采取避让行动。B选项“左舷船”在交叉局面中为直航船；C、D选项“速度/吨位优势”不构成让路义务，仅在追越局面中适用。56、Duringafireonboard,whichequipmentshouldbeusedtoprotectcrewfrominhalingtoxicsmoke?

A.Fireextinguisher

B.Lifejacket

C.Breathingapparatus

D.Firehose

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察火灾应急设备功能。Breathingapparatus（呼吸装置，如自给式呼吸器）可隔绝有毒烟雾，为船员提供清洁空气，防止吸入，因此C正确。A（灭火器）用于灭火；B（救生衣）提供浮力，与防烟雾无关；D（消防水带）用于灭火或冷却，无防烟雾功能。57、Whichcommandisusedtoimmediatelystopthevessel'sforwardmovement?

A.Harda-port

B.Puttheenginesastern

C.Stopengines

D.Fullspeedahead

【答案】：C

解析：Thisquestionfocusesonshipmaneuveringcommands.'Stopengines'directlymeanstohaltthepropulsionsystemoftheship,whichcanimmediatelystoptheforwardmovement.'Harda-port'isacommandtoturntheruddertotheleft,whichisforchangingdirectionratherthanstopping.'Puttheenginesastern'isforreversingtheenginestoslowdownorback,butitdoesnotstoptheshipimmediately.'Fullspeedahead'istoincreasetheship'sspeed.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.58、Theterm'meandraft'inship'sterminologyisdefinedas______.

A.Themaximumdraftmeasuredatanypoint

B.Theaverageoftheforwardandafterdrafts

C.Theminimumdraftrequiredforsafenavigation

D.Thedraftmeasuredatthemidshipsection

【答案】：B

解析：本题考察船舶吃水术语“meandraft”。正确答案为B，“meandraft”特指船舶首尾吃水的平均值，用于计算船舶稳性、排水量等关键参数。A选项为“maximumdraft”（最大吃水），C选项为“minimumsafedraft”（最小安全吃水），D选项为“midshipdraft”（船中吃水），均与“meandraft”定义不符。59、Whennavigatinginrestrictedvisibility,whichactionshouldashiptakeaccordingtotheCOLREGs?

A.Onlyreducespeedandsoundfogsignals

B.Useradarandproceedatfullspeed

C.Maintainaproperlookoutandsafespeed

D.Changecourseimmediatelytoavoidcollision

【答案】：C

解析：本题考察避碰规则中能见度不良时的行动要求，正确答案为C。根据《国际避碰规则》，船舶在能见度不良时应保持正规瞭望（maintainaproperlookout）、使用安全航速（safespeed），并采取避碰措施。选项A错误，仅减速和鸣放雾号未提及瞭望和安全航速；选项B错误，全速前进不符合安全航速要求；选项D错误，立即转向可能未保持瞭望和安全航速，易导致碰撞。60、Whichtermisusedtodescribethedevicethatmeasuresthedepthofwaterundertheship?

A.Fathometer

B.Compasses

C.Logbook

D.EchoSounder

【答案】：A

解析：本题考察船舶航海仪器术语。Fathometer（回声测深仪）是专门用于测量水深的设备，通过声波反射原理工作。B选项Compasses（罗盘）用于方向定位；C选项Logbook（航海日志）是记录航行数据的文档；D选