06年广东省中考英语二轮语法突破课件动词的非谓语形式

动词的非谓语形式考点导图中考考点回顾考点题型考频（5年6考）考点内容不定式作目的状语语法选择5年2考2021：toenjoy2024：tobuy不定式作宾语补足语5年1考2022：tellsb.todosth.不定式作宾语5年2考2023：needtodosth.2025：decidetodosth.不定式作目的状语短文填空5年1考2025：toexplore

在近5年广东中考中，语法选择主要考查动词的非谓语形式中的动词不定式：通过固定搭配或分析空格处在句中作的具体成分来确定答案，如（2022.34）①

（2024.36）②

（2025.37）③

。①（2022）Oneday,theteachertoldher_____34_____atest.A.take B.totake C.taking真题解析

①

考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。tellsb.todosth.(让某人做某事)。故选B。②

（2024）Whenhehassavedenoughmoney,Petergoestothebookstores_____36_____greatbooksanddonatesthemtochildreninneed.A.buy B.tobuy C.bought真题解析

②

考查不定式作目的状语的用法。故选B。③

（2025）Afterfinishingcollege,shedecided_____37_____inarestaurant.A．work B．working C．towork真题解析

③

考查不定式作宾语的用法。decidetodosth.(决定做某事)。故选C。

在近5年广东中考中，短文填空主要考查动词的非谓语形式中的动词不定式：通过固定搭配或分析空格处在句中作的具体成分来确定答案，如(2025.70)。（2025）Recently,Mikehasformedahabitofcyclingaroundto_____70_____thecityatweekends.（选项：explore）真题解析

考查不定式作目的状语的用法。不定式符号to+动词原形。故填explore。考点精讲精练【概念】非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括动词不定式、动词的-ing形式及动词的-ed形式，即动词的非谓语形式。动词的非谓语形式没有人称和数的变化,除了不能单独作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分，包括主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语。真题1真题2动词不定式1【形式】动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号to+动词原形”，其否定形式是“notto+动词原形”，不定式符号to有时可省略。1.动词不定式作主语作主语的动词不定式常用形式主语it代替，动词不定式后置，常见句型：（1）It's＋adj.(＋for/ofsb.)＋todosth.例It'snecessaryforustohelpeachother.我们互相帮忙是必要的。It'skindofyoutocarrytheshoppingbagforme.你能帮我提购物袋真是太好了。（2）It's+n.+todosth.例It'syourturntocleantheclassroom.轮到你来打扫教室了。（3）Ittakes(sb.)+时间+todosth.例Ittakesabouthalfanhourtogettotheairport.到机场大概需要半小时。2.动词不定式作宾语（1）常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：wanttodosth.想要做某事needtodosth.需要做某事(2023.39)plantodosth.计划做某事liketodosth.喜欢做某事begin/starttodosth.开始做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事trytodosth.设法做某事expecttodosth.期望做某事wouldliketodosth.想要做某事decidetodosth.决定做某事

(2025.37)offertodosth.主动提出做某事learntodosth.学习做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事affordtodosth.承担得起做某事help(to)dosth.帮忙做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事continuetodosth.继续做某事promisetodosth.承诺做某事preparetodosth.准备做某事usedtodosth.过去常常做某事choosetodosth.选择做某事（2）find,think等词后面跟不定式时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语（即动词不定式）后置。例Somepeoplethinkitimpolitetoasksomeone'sage.有些人认为询问别人的年龄是不礼貌的。（3）“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。例Hedidn'tknowwhattosay.他不知道说什么。3.动词不定式作宾语补足语常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事asksb.todosth.叫某人做某事teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事expectsb.todosth.盼望某人做某事tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事(2022.34)invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事wouldlike/wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事warnsb.todosth.警告某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事4.动词不定式作状语（5年3考）动词不定式作状语，常用来表示目的、结果(通常是未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果)或原因。作目的状语时，可放句末也可放句首，放句首时要用逗号隔开。例Hewenttheretoseehisgrandpa.＝Toseehisgrandpa，hewentthere.他去那里是为了探望他的爷爷。（动词不定式表示目的）Hearrivedthere,onlytofindthatthelasttrainhadalreadyleft.他到了那里，结果发现最后一班火车已经离开了。（动词不定式表示结果）I'mgladtomeetyouhere.在这里见到你真使我高兴。（动词不定式表示原因）5.动词不定式作表语(课标未做要求)动词不定式作表语，常放在系动词之后，用来说明主语的内容、性质或特征。例MyjobistoteachEnglish.我的工作是教英语。6.动词不定式作定语（课标未做要求）动词不定式作定语，常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，作后置定语，翻译为“……的”。例Ihavesomethingtodoafterschool,soIcan'thavedinnerwithyou.我放学之后还有要做的事，所以我不能和你一起吃晚饭了。【拓展】常见的含有不带to的动词不定式短语或句型短语/句型含

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例wouldrather(not)do宁愿(不)做Iwouldrathernotarguewiththem.我宁愿不和他们吵架。woulddo…ratherthando…＝wouldratherdo…thando…＝prefertodo…ratherthando…＝preferdoing…todoing…宁愿做……而不愿做……Iwouldstayathomeratherthangoouttoplay.=Iwouldratherstayathomethangoouttoplay.=Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoouttoplay.=Ipreferstayingathometogoingouttoplay.我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去玩。短语/句型含

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例Whynotdosth.？＝Whydon'tyoudosth.？为什么不做某事？Whynotgoouttoseeafilmwithme？＝Whydon'tyougoouttoseeafilmwithme？为什么不和我一起出去看电影呢？■（基础过关）单项填空()1.______communicationeasierandfaster,engineersinthatcompanyhavedesignedakindofsmartwatches.(2025黑龙江龙东地区)A．Make B．Making C．Tomake()2.Thegovernmentisdevelopingnewplans______ancientbuildings.(2025天津改编)A．protect B．toprotect C．protectedCB()3.______eyeshealthy,westudentsshouldspendlesstimeonscreens.(2025吉林长春改编)A．Tokeep B．Keep C．Keeping()4.Ourteacherremindsus______theschooluniformfortomorrow'sschooltrip.A．wear B．towear C．wearingAB()5.—Whendoyouplan______thezoo,Mike?—MaybenextSaturday.A．visiting B．visit C．tovisitC■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空6.______________(remember)thesweettimeofschoollife,studentsliketakingphotoswithclassmates.(2025西藏)7.Asayoungman,hewasadvised______________(give)upfarmingbecauseofseriousbackproblems.(2025内蒙古改编)8.Damingoftenaskshisteacherforadviceabouthow______________(improve)hisEnglish.Toremembertogivetoimprove9.Webothagreed______________(write)aboutthechangesinTaihuNewCity.10.Timwanted__________(help)childrenintheircommunitytohavemorechancestoreadbooks.towritetohelp动词的-ing形式(作理解)2【形式】动词的-ing形式是由“动词原形+-ing”构成。成

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例主语动词的-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式Findingagoodjob______is______difficultthesedays.现在找一份好工作不容易。宾语动词的-ing形式作宾语时，表示一般的、习惯的、抽象的或经常性的行为PeterenjoyshavingmooncakesontheMid-AutumnFestivaleveryyear.彼得喜欢在每年的中秋节吃月饼。成

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例表语多数情况下，动词的-ing形式作表语时，表语和主语可以互换位置，句子意思不变Herworkiscleaningtheroom.=Cleaningtheroomisherwork.她的工作是打扫房间。定语表示所修饰的词的用途和目的，放在所修饰的词前面Thereisaswimmingpoolintheschool.学校里有一个游泳池。宾语补足语常接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear,notice,keep,find等，表示动作正在进行或持续发生,句子中的宾语与动词的-ing形式是逻辑上的主动关系Wecanhearthegirlsinginginherroom.我们可以听到那个女孩在她的房间里唱歌。(女孩正在唱歌)成

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例状语表示原因、伴随、时间、结果等，句子中的主语与动词的-ing形式之间存在逻辑上的主动关系(高考语法项目)Seeingthepolice,hemadearunfortheexit.一看到警察，他就向出口奔去。（他看到警察）【拓展】1.常接动词的-ing形式作宾语的单词、短语和句型有：单词avoiddoingsth.避免做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事finishdoingsth.完成某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事keepdoingsth.坚持做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事considerdoingsth.考虑做某事suggestdoingsth.建议做某事短语succeedindoingsth.成功做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事payattentiontodoingsth.注意做某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事havefundoingsth.做某事有乐趣havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难dreamofdoingsth.梦想做某事can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事spend+时间+(in)doingsth.花时间做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事endupdoingsth.以做某事而告终句型What/Howaboutdoingsth.?做某事怎么样?2.有些动词或短语既可接动词不定式，又可接动词的-ing形式，但意义不同。常见的有：forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(已做)forgettodosth.忘了要去做某事(未做)stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(已做)remembertodosth.记得去做某事(未做)regretdoingsth.对做过的事感到遗憾、后悔(已做)regrettodosth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)trydoingsth.试验/试着做某事trytodosth.努力/企图做某事goondoingsth.继续做原来做的事goontodosth.做完原来的事后,接着做另一件事meandoingsth.意味着做某事meantodosth.打算做某事sb.be/getusedtodoingsth.某人习惯于做某事sb.usedtodosth.某人过去常常做某事sth.beusedtodosth.某物被用于做某事■（基础过关）单项填空()1.—HowdoyouimproveyourEnglishlisteningskills?—Ispendabouttwentyminutes______Englishvideoseveryday.(2025黑龙江龙东地区)A．watch B．towatch C．watchingC()2.Moreandmoreyoungpeopleareinterestedin______partinoutdooractivitiesintheirfreetime.（2025江苏镇江改编）A.taking B.take C.totakeA()3.Mylittlebrothersuggested______forawalk.（2024黑龙江绥化）A.togo B.going C.goes()4.Ithink______resolutionsatthebeginningofayearisagoodwaytoimproveourlives.（2024西藏改编）A.making B.make C.makesBA()5.Byreadingthepublicsigns,hehadnodifficultyin______theshoppingmall.（2024江苏宿迁改编）A.find B.tofind C.findingC■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空6.Timwentfromdoortodoortogetbooksfromthepeoplearound.Heendedup__________(collect)260books.(2025河北改编)7.______________(see)this,Irantothenearestpublictelephoneandexcitedlycalledthepolicetotellthemaboutit.(2025天津改编)8.Millieenjoyssingingand______________(read).Thesehobbiesmakeherlifecolorful.collectingSeeingreading9.Keepstudyinghardinthefuturebecause_________________(learn)isalifelongjourney.10.Thestudentsshouldfocuson______________(listen)totheteacherinclass.learninglistening动词的-ed形式(作理解)3【形式】动词的-ed形式是由“动词原形+-ed”或不规则动词的过去分词形式构成。成

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例定语单词作定语时，动词的-ed形式一般放在被修饰词的前面Thelostkeyswerefoundinthedrawer.丢失了的钥匙在抽屉里找到了。短语作定语时，动词的-ed形式一般放在被修饰词的后面ThisisabookwrittenbyYuHua.这是一本余华写的书。表语表示主语所处的状态Thestonestepswerebroken.这些石头台阶破损了。成

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例宾语补足语动词的-ed形式可以在see,hear,notice,watch,find,keep,get,have等动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语，句子中的宾语与动词的-ed形式是逻辑上的被动关系Imustgetmybikerepaired.我必须请人修理我的自行车。（自行车被修理）状语表示原因、条件、时间、让步等，句子中的主语与动词的-ed形式之间存在逻辑上的被动关系Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。（种子被种在土里）■（基础过关）单项填空()1.Tombroketherule______byhisfamilythismorning,sohesaidsorrytohisparentsjustnow.A.made B．tomake C．making()2.TomorrowisMonday.Pleasegetyourhomework______today,oryoumaymakeyourteachersunhappy.A.done B．todo C．doingAA()3.Withthework______,theywentouttoplay.A．finish B.finished C.finishing()4.Schoolis______forthehotsummerandchildrenareonvacation.A.close B．closed C．toclose()5.—Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon,Andy?—Myhairistoolong.Iwanttogetmyhair______.A．cut B.tocut C.cuttingBBA■（能力过关）用所给单词的适当形式填空6.Nowadays,moreandmorecustomerspreferbuyingproducts______________(make)inChina.7.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.Iamgoingtogetit______________(repair).8.Thenovel______________（write）bythatwriterhasbeenverypopularrecently.maderepairedwritten9.Ihavehadatoothacheforseveraldays.Iwillhavemybadtooth______________(pull)tomorrow.10.Thenewrobot__________(invent)lastmonthcandomanyjobstohelptakecareoftheold.pulledinvented语篇考点专练一、语法选择主题：地震时的小贴士

词数：134难度：★

建议用时：4minsEarthquakesmayhappeninsomeareaseveryyear.Howcanwesaveourselveswhenanearthquakehappens?Rememberthefollowingadvicethatcankeepyousafe.

Leavequickly.Leavethebuildingquicklywhenthegroundstops_____1_____.Don'tusealift.Itmaybeverydangerous.Youshouldbecarefulandtrynot____2____downwhenyougodownstairs.Accidentsmayhappenwhenmanypeoplerushintoacrowdedstair.Remember____3____tothegroundawayfromstreetlightsorpowerlines.()1.A.shaking B.shake C．toshake()2.A.falling B．tofall C．fall()3.A.run B．running C．torunABC

Findasafeplace.Ifyoucan'tleaveintime,youneed_____4_____yourselvesunderatableandstayawayfromwindows.Why?That'sbecausethe_____5_____windowsmayhurtyou.Ifyouareinacar,stayinit.Ifyouareinthemountains,becarefuloffallingrocks.(2025黑龙江龙东地区改编)()4.A.hiding B．hid C．tohide()5.A.break B．broken C．breakingCB二、短文填空主题：飞机上的暖心乘客

词数：145难度：★★

建议用时：5mins请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。seeputknowfacegetgositHaileyquicklydecidedtoseehergrandfatherwhenshelearnedhewasinthehospitalwithlittletimeleftinWashington.However,shehadto1_________a25-minuteconnection(转机)atDenverInternationalAirport.SeatedinRow45ontheflighttoDenver,Haileysaidtoherself,“Whataterribleseatforapassengerwhoistryingto2________offaplaneassoonaspossible!”seeputknowfacegetgositfacegetAman3________nexttoHaileynoticedherworries.4__________theproblem,themandecidedtodosomething.Hestoodupandsaidtotheotherpassengers,“Hi,everyone!HereisaladywhohastoconnecttoWashingtonto5____________themostimportantpersoninherlife.Butsheonlyhasabout20minutesavailable.Lethergetofffirst!”Thankstoallthewarm-heartedpassengers,Haileymadeherflightandreachedthehospitalintime.(2025年四川成都改编)seeputknowfacegetgositsittingKnowingsee1.___________________ 2.___________________3.___________________ 4.___________________5.___________________facegetsittingKnowingsee三、语法选择主题：阅读的好处

词数：201难度：★★★

建议用时：8minsItisbelievedthatreadingisnotonlygoodforourself-developmentbutalsoquiteeasytodo.There____1_____somanybenefits(好处)toreadbooks.()1.A.are B.be C.isAReadingisagoodway____2____withstress.Inonestudy,reading____3____tobeeffective(有效的)inreducingstress.Whenyouarereadingbooks,you_____4_____keepthenoisyworldoutandneedn'tworryabouttheproblemsthatbotheryou.Thismeansthatreadingcanhelpyou_____5_____relaxed.()2.A.deal B.dealing C.todeal()3.A.found B.wasfound C.find()4.A.must B.can C.should()5.A.feel B.feeling C.feltCBBAReading_____6_____brainhealth.Ifyoureadatleastonceaweek,youprobablyhavea_____7_____abilityinunderstandingatanoldagethanthosewhodonot.Becausewhenyouarereading,youactuallykeep_____8_____evenimagining.Andthatisagoodexerciseforyourmind.()6.A.protectB.wasprotecting C.protects()7.A.better B.good C.best()8.A.think B.thinking C.tothinkCABReadingis_____9_____excellentbedtimeactivity.Ononehand,readingbeforebedcanhelpyoufallasleepinashortertime.Ontheotherhand,itisbetterforyoureyes_____10_____abookwhilegoingtobedinsteadofyourmobilephone.Allinall,thereisnodoubtthatreadingisgoodforyou.Whynotpickupabooktoreadrightnow?(2025新疆改编)()9.A.a B.an C.the()10.A.hold B.holding C.toholdBC四、短文填空主题：实现乡村振兴

词数：268难度：★★★

建议用时：9mins请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。learnhowevercreategreatlyinkeepandwithstartsearchcultureexpectDashibanisa600-year-oldvillageinXichang,Sichuanprovince.ItwasabusyplaceontheSouthernSilkRoadandtheTeaHorseRoad.1__________,thevillagegraduallydeclined(衰落).Manyvillagerslefttheirhometownto2________forworkelsewhere.learnhowevercreategreatlyinkeepandwithstartsearchcultureexpectHoweversearchInordertochangethesituation,XichangstartedaprojectinDashibanin2021.To3________thevillage'shistoricalcharm(魅力),itfollowedtheruleof“repairingtheoldasold”.Thelocalgovernmentimprovedtourisminfrastructure(基础设施)toofferunforgettableexperiencesoflocal4____________andtraditions.learnhowevercreategreatlyinkeepan