2025年北京第一次高中学业水平考试英语试卷真题（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2025年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷考生须知1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2.本试卷共7页，四道大题（共75分）。3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答；非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。4.考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Susanwasanartteacher,wholovedhelpingherstudentsbecomecreative.Oneday,shewasteachingherstudentstodrawnature.SusannoticedsomestudentshadgatheredaroundLilyandwerebecauseshedidn’tdrawanormalsun.Inherdrawing,thesunwaswearingsunglasses.SusanrememberedshehadalsodonedrawingswhenshewasLily’sage.Susan’ssecond-gradeartteacher,Mr.Kumar,hadhertodrawasshewishedintheartclass.Onceheaskedhisstudentstodrawtheirdreams,andSusandrewapictureofagirlclimbingaladdertotouchthemoon.Mr.Kumarpraisedher.Althoughhehadretiredformanyyears,Susanoftenthoughtabouthowmuchhisencouragementhadmeanttoher.SeeingthatLilywasfeelingdown,Susandecidedtoher.Sheannouncedtotheclassthattheywouldbedrawingtheir.“Whatdoyoudreamof,Lily?”askedSusan.“Once,IdreamtthatIhadamagicwand(魔杖),”saidLily,hereyesfilledwith.Sensingherjoy,Susansaid,“Thenthat.”Lilywasexcitedandsoweretheotherstudents.Susansmiledasshesawherstudents’imaginationfly.Thefollowingweek,thestudentshandedintheir.Lilysubmitted(上交)adrawingshowingagirlusingherwandtomakeitrainonfields.Anotebelowread:“Thankyouforkeepingmygranddaughterindrawing”.ItwassignedKumar.1．A．laughing B．reading C．listening D．playing2．A．expensive B．various C．similar D．popular3．A．encouraged B．forced C．paid D．invited4．A．calmness B．creativity C．honesty D．kindness5．A．trust B．ignore C．stop D．help6．A．houses B．dreams C．memories D．maps7．A．fear B．shock C．happiness D．doubt8．A．hide B．copy C．explain D．draw9．A．reports B．works C．writings D．videos10．A．interested B．satisfied C．competitive D．independent二、语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分）根据句意，完成句子。在未给提示词的空白处填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用所给词的适当形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。11．Davidisalittle(tall)thanhisbrother.(所给词的适当形式填空)12．Mr.Smithboughtsome(gift)forthekidsonChildren’sDay.(所给词的适当形式填空)13．Mysisterenjoyssingingand(she)favoritesubjectismusic.(所给词的适当形式填空)14．MyparentsandI(visit)theNationalMuseumyesterdayafternoon.(所给词的适当形式填空)15．Iwillalwaysrememberthepeoplehavehelpedandsupportedmeinmylife.(用适当的词填空)三、阅读理解（共两节，35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AComputerproblemsTheexperiencedITengineerwillsortoutproblemswithhomecomputers.PhoneJames,“theComputerDoctor”nowforafreecheck:09652325693Lost!!!Oursmallgreycatismissinginthecampusarea.She’safraidofdogsandteenageboys.Ifyouseeher,please,pleasephoneLuka:09652324472Wereallymissher!Babysitter

wantedFora2-year-oldgirl—weekdayeveningsforuptosixhours.Wouldbesuitableforastudentwithsomeexperience.₤4.5anhour.PhoneJanon719873465PrescoSupermarketpart-timeworkWorkatweekends.Experienceofsalesisanadvantagebutnotabsolutelynecessary.ApplytoWilliam,thestoremanager.Presco,33MainStreet,LessHall16．Ifyourcomputerbreaksdown,youcancontact________.A．James B．Jan C．Luka D．William17．Whatdoyouknowaboutthelostcat?A．It’sgrey. B．It’sfriendlytodogs.C．It’ssix. D．It’smissinginasupermarket.18．WhatisWilliam?A．Astudent. B．Ababysitter. C．Amanager. D．Adoctor.19．Whereareyoumostlikelytoseetheseposters?A．Inastorybook. B．Onanoticeboard.C．Inafilmreview. D．Onapersonalblog.BWhenthefinalbellrang,childrenrantotheschoolbus.“I’mgoingtomelt(融化).Anotherlong,hotsummer.Iwillbelockedindoors,”Petersaid.“Soboring,”complainedJane,“Iwanttodosomethingcool!”TheschoolbusstoppedattheneighbourhoodwhereJaneandPeterlived.Thereadogstoodpanting(气喘吁吁)inthehotsun.Janedecidedtogiveitsomewater.Assoonassheplacedabowlofwaterbeforethedog,twobirdsappearedoutofnowhere.Athirstycatranacrossthestreetandstoppednearthebowl.Thesethirstyanimalsbegantofightforwater.ThatgaveJaneanidea.“Ihaveacoolplanforthisvacation.Howaboutsettingupwaterstationsforanimalsandbirds?”Janecriedout.“Andwemustensuretheanimalsandbirdscansatisfytheirthirstwithoutharmingeachother,”Peteradded.Nextmorning,JaneandPeterwentoutandplacedbowlsoutsidefortheanimals.Janealsoputalargeoneonaraisedplatforminthechildren’sparkforthebirds.Separatewaterstationskeptanimalsandbirdsfromfighting!Tospreadthewordabouttheirplan,JaneandPeterhandedoutdozensoffoodcontainerstotheirneighbourswhocouldsetupwaterstationsoutsidetheirhomes.Theywerehappytofindtheirneighboursequallyeagertohelpwiththeplan.ThechildrenthenrequestedtheirparentstopostwhattheydidontheInternet.Thisinspiredmorepeopletojointhem.Allsummer,JaneandPeterweregluedtotheirwindowswatchingbirdsdrinkfromthelargebowl.Theywrotedownwhattheysawintheirdiaries,discoveringthejoyofhelpingothercreaturessurvivetheboilinghotsummer!20．WhatinspiredJanetosetupthewaterstations?A．Herneedforvacation. B．HertalkwithPeter.C．Thehelpfromneighbours. D．Theanimals’fightforwater.21．Tospreadthewordabouttheirplan,JaneandPeter________.A．printedouttheirdiaries B．glueditontheirwindowsC．gaveoutfoodcontainers D．explaineditinchildren’sparks22．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJaneandPeter?A．Kind. B．Polite. C．Brave. D．Confident.CHaveyouevermetsomeonenewandfeltalittlenervousabouthowtheyfeelaboutyou?Ifyouhave,youarenottheonlyone.Whenwemeetsomeonenew,weoftenthinkwelikethemmorethantheylikeusback.Thisgap(差异)betweenhowmuchwelikeothersandthinkotherslikeusiscalledalikinggap.Thefirststudythatdiscoveredthelikinggapwasdonewithadults.Researchersinvitedcollegestudentstoaresearchlaboratorywheretheychattedwithanotherpersontheydidnotknow.Afterwards,theywereaskedseparatelyhowmuchtheylikedthisotherpersonandhowmuchtheythoughttheotherpersonlikedthemback.Moststudentssaidtheylikedtheotherperson,butthoughttheotherpersonlikedthemless.Evenmoresurprisingwasthatthelikinggapstuckaroundevenafterthepeoplegottoknoweachother.Theyalsotestedgroupsofchildrenfrom4to11yearsoldandfoundevenchildrenexperiencethislikinggap,butitonlystartsaroundage5.Atthisage,thelikinggapisstillsmall.itgetsbiggeraschildrengetolder,probablybecausetheystarttobetterunderstandthatwhattheydoinfluenceswhatothersthinkofthem.Whydowehavealikinggap?Oneideacomesfromtheresearchonchildren.Attheageof5,childrenalsostarttoworryabouttheirreputation(名誉),whichcausesthemtothinkaboutthingslike”Dotheywanttobemyfriends?Dotheywanttohangoutwithme?“Anotherideaisthatwhenwearetalkingtootherpeople,wehavetothinksomuchaboutwhatwedoandsaythatweforgettopayattentiontohowothersarereactingtous.Wearethereforeoftennotsureabouthowthethingswedoorsaymakeotherpeoplefeel.So,ifyousometimesfeelthatotherslikeyoulessthanyoulikethemback,thereisnoreasontopanic.infact,theotherpersonlikelyenjoyshangingoutwithyoujustasmuchasyoudo,orperhapsevenmore!23．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stuckaround”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．Closed. B．Appeared.C．Narrowed. D．Existed.24．Whendopeoplestartexperiencingalikinggap?A．Attheageof4. B．Aroundtheageof5.C．Fromtheageof11. D．Afterbecomingadults.25．Wehavealikinggapprobablybecause__________.A．wearelikelytopanic.B．wefocusonoursocialskills.C．weavoidchattingwithstrangers.D．wetakelittlenoticeofothers’reactions.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，共15分）阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。BillyBarrhasbeentheonlypersonwholivesinthetownofGothicallyearround.HeworksatGothic’sRockyMountainBiologicalLaboratory(RMBL).Everysummer,scientistscometoRMBLforresearch.Billybecomesfriendswiththem.Butinwinter,Billyisalone.Hehasalwayslikednumbers,soherecordssnowandweatherdatainhisnotebooks.ForBillythisisfunandhecontinueskeepingrecords—for50years.Oneday,Billymentionedhishobbytoascientist,whoaskedtoseehisrecordsandrealisedimmediatelyhowimportanttheywere.Billy’smeasurementsshowedsnowisarrivinglateranddisappearingearlierastheworldwarms.Thatisaworryingsignformillionsofpeopleinthedrought-hitSouthwestwhodependonmountainsnowstoslowlymeltthroughoutspringandsummertoprovideacontinuoussupplyofwaterforcities,agricultureandecosystems.Unpaidbutdrivenbycuriosity,Billykeepsmeasuringsnowfalldayafterday,winterafterwinter.NowBilly’srecordshavebeenusedinvariousresearchpapersandthere’sashortfilmabouthimcalledTheSnowGuardian.Billyiswellawarethatmodernequipmentandcomputermodelscannowmeasurehowmuchsnowfallsandforetelltheamountofwaterfromthemeltedsnow.Yetscientistssaysomeofthosemodelswouldn’tbesoprecise(精确的)withouthiswork.26．WheredoesBillywork?(不多于六个单词)27．WhydoesBillyrecordsnowandweatherdata?(不多于六个单词)28．HowlonghasBillycontinuedkeepingrecords?(不多于三个单词)29．WhatdidBilly’smeasurementsshow?(不多于十一个单词)30．WhatdoyouthinkofBilly’srecords?(不多于一个单词)四、书面表达（共1小题，20分）31．根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。假如你是李华，请给你的外国好友Jack写一封英语邮件，介绍你近期参加学校书法社团活动的情况，并谈谈你的感受。可参考如下内容。邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。●attendlecturesonChinesecalligraphy●learnaboutfamouscalligraphers●visitsomecalligraphyexhibitions●practisecalligraphywithaChinesebrush●…DearJack,Ihopeyou’redoingwell!Recently,Ijoinedmyschool’scalligraphyclub,whichhasbeenanamazingexperience.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards,LiHua答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．A2．C3．A4．B5．D6．B7．C8．D9．B10．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述美术老师Susan见学生Lily因创意画作被嘲笑，回忆起自己曾受老师鼓励，于是引导大家画梦想，守护了孩子的绘画兴趣与想象力。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同学们围在Lily身边嘲笑她，因为她画的太阳不普通。A.laughing笑；B.reading读；C.listening听；D.playing玩。根据后文“becauseshedidn’tdrawanormalsun”和“Lilywasfeelingdown”可知，这里指同学们在嘲笑她，laughing符合语境。故选A项。2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Susan记得自己在Lily这个年纪也画过类似的画。A.expensive昂贵的；B.various各种各样的；C.similar相似的；D.popular受欢迎的。根据前文“Susanhadalsodone”以及语境可知，这里指她有过相似经历，similar符合语境。故选C项。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏珊二年级的美术老师Kumar先生在美术课上鼓励她随心所欲地画画。A.encouraged鼓励；B.forced强迫；C.paid支付；D.invited邀请。根据后文“Susanoftenthoughtabouthowmuchhisencouragementhadmeanttoher”可知，这里指老师鼓励她，encouraged符合语境。故选A项。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kumar老师表扬了她的创造力。A.calmness冷静；B.creativity创造力；C.honesty诚实；D.kindness善良。根据前文“Susandrewagirlclimbingaladdertotouchthemoon”可知，这幅画很有创意，creativity符合语境。故选B项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到Lily低落，Susan决定帮助她。A.trust信任；B.ignore忽视；C.stop阻止；D.help帮助。根据前文“Lilywasfeelingdown”和后文老师组织画画鼓励她可知，这里指Susan要帮助她，help符合语境。故选D项。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她向全班宣布，他们将画出自己的梦想。A.houses房子；B.dreams梦想；C.memories记忆；D.maps地图。根据后文老师问“Whatdoyoudreamof,Lily?”可知，这里指Susan让学生们画出自己的梦想，dreams符合语境。故选B项。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我曾梦见自己有一根魔杖。”Lily说，眼里充满快乐。A.fear害怕；B.shock震惊；C.happiness快乐；D.doubt怀疑。根据后文“Sensingherjoy”可知，这里指Lily很开心，happiness符合语境。故选C项。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感受到她的喜悦，Susan说：“那就把它画下来吧。”A.hide藏；B.copy复制；C.explain解释；D.draw画。根据前文“shewasteachingherstudentstodrawnature”和“drawtheirdreams”可知，这里指把梦想画出来，draw符合语境。故选D项。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二周，学生们交上了他们的作品。A.reports报告；B.works作品；C.writings著作，文章；D.videos视频。根据下文“Lilysubmitted(上交)adrawingshowingagirlusingherwandtomakeitrainonfields.”可知，这里指学生们交上了他们的美术作品，works符合语境。故选B项。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你让我孙女对画画保持兴趣。A.interested感兴趣的；B.satisfied满意的；C.competitive有竞争力的；D.independent独立的。根据前文Susan鼓励Lily、保护她的想象力和后文“indrawing”可知，这里指Susan让Lily保持对画画有兴趣，interested符合语境。故选A项。11．taller【详解】考查比较级。句意：大卫比他哥哥高一点。根据后文than可知为比较关系，用形容词比较级taller。故填taller。12．gifts【详解】考查名词的数。句意：史密斯先生在儿童节时给孩子们买了一些礼物。gift为可数名词，根据上文some可知用复数形式。故填gifts。13．her【详解】考查代词。句意：我妹妹喜欢唱歌，她最喜欢的科目是音乐。修饰名词subject，需用形容词性物主代词her作定语。故填her。14．visited【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天下午，我和我的父母去了国家博物馆参观。根据后文yesterdayafternoon可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填visited。15．who##that【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我将永远记住那些在我生命中帮助和支持过我的人。people是先行词，指人，在其后的定语从句中作主语，所以可以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。16．A17．A18．C19．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。展示了四则公告，分别是电脑维修、寻猫启事、保姆招聘和超市兼职招聘，包含相关联系方式与具体信息。16．细节理解题。根据第一则告示中“PhoneJames,‘theComputerDoctor’nowforafreecheck:09652325693(现在就致电‘电脑医生’James进行免费检测：09652325693)”可知，电脑出故障时应联系James。故选A。17．细节理解题。根据第二则告示中“Oursmallgreycatismissinginthecampusarea.(我们的小灰猫在校园区走失了。)”可知，丢失的猫是灰色的。故选A。18．细节理解题。根据第四则告示中“ApplytoWilliam,thestoremanager.(请向商店经理William申请。)”可知，William是经理。故选C。19．推理判断题。通读四则告示内容——电脑维修、寻猫启事、保姆招聘和超市兼职招聘，均为校园或社区内需要公开张贴、快速传播的实用信息，最可能出现在“布告栏”上。故选B。20．D21．C22．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述暑假里，简和彼得看到动物缺水争斗，便设立饮水站并号召邻居参与，在帮助动物的过程中收获了快乐。20．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesethirstyanimalsbegantofightforwater.(这些口渴的动物开始为了水而争抢)”以及第三段“ThatgaveJaneanidea.(这给了简一个想法)”可知，是动物们争抢水的场景激发了简设立饮水站的想法。故选D项。21．细节理解题。根据第五段“Tospreadthewordabouttheirplan,JaneandPeterhandedoutdozensoffoodcontainerstotheirneighbourswhocouldsetupwaterstationsoutsidetheirhomes.(为了宣传他们的计划，简和彼得分发了几十个食品容器给邻居们，让大家可以在家门口设立饮水站)”可知，他们通过分发容器来推广这个计划。故选C项。22．推理判断题。根据第二段“Thereadogstoodpanting(气喘吁吁)inthehotsun.Janedecidedtogiveitsomewater.(一只狗在烈日下气喘吁吁地站着。简决定给它倒点水)”、第三段“Ihaveacoolplanforthisvacation.Howaboutsettingupwaterstationsforanimalsandbirds?(这个假期我有一个很酷的计划。为动物和鸟类设立供水站怎么样？)”和第四段“Nextmorning,JaneandPeterwentoutandplacedbowlsoutsidefortheanimals.Janealsoputalargeoneonaraisedplatforminthechildren’sparkforthebirds.Separatewaterstationskeptanimalsandbirdsfromfighting!(第二天早上，简和彼得出门，在外面给动物们放了碗。简还在儿童公园的一个高台上放了一个大碗给鸟儿。分开的饮水点避免了动物和鸟儿争抢！)”等内容可知，简和彼得主动帮助动物，非常善良。故选A项。23．D24．B25．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“喜欢差距”这一现象，包括其定义、相关研究结果及产生原因。23．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Moststudentssaidtheylikedtheotherperson,butthoughttheotherpersonlikedthemless.Evenmoresurprisingwasthatthelikinggapstuckaroundevenafterthepeoplegottoknoweachother.(大多数学生说他们喜欢对方，但认为对方没那么喜欢自己。更令人惊讶的是，即使在人们相互了解之后，这种喜欢差距仍然stuckaround。)”可知，即使在人们相互了解之后，差距还是存在。“stuckaround”意为“存在”，与“Existed”同义。故选D项。24．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theyalsotestedgroupsofchildrenfrom4to11yearsoldandfoundevenchildrenexperiencethislikinggap,butitonlystartsaroundage5.(他们还测试了4到11岁的几组儿童，发现即使是儿童也会经历这种喜欢差距，但这种差距大约从5岁开始出现。)”可知，人们大约从5岁开始经历喜欢差距。故选B项。25．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Anotherideaisthatwhenwearetalkingtootherpeople,wehavetothinksomuchaboutwhatwedoandsaythatweforgettopayattentiontohowothersarereactingtous.(另一种观点是，当我们与他人交谈时，我们会过多地思考自己的言行，以至于忘记关注他人对我们的反应。)”可知，产生喜欢差距可能是因为我们很少注意他人的反应。故选D项。26．AtGothic’sRockyMountainBiologicalLaboratory.27．Becausehelikesnumbers.28．For50years.29．Snowisarrivinglateranddisappearingearlier.30．Useful.【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了BillyBarr常年独自居住在Gothic镇，他在冬季记录降雪和天气数据，这些数据对科学研究有重要意义。26．考查细节理解。根据第一段“HeworksatGothic’sRockyMountainBiologicalLaboratory(RMBL).(他在Gothic的落基山生物实验室工作)”可知，Billy在Gothic的落基山生物实验室工作。故答案为AtGothic’sRockyMountainBiologicalLaboratory.27．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Hehasalwayslikednumbers,soherecordssnowandweatherdatainhis