雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《翻译理论与实务（西安翻译学院）》单元测试考核答案

第1题1.1AccordingtoAmericantranslationtheoristEugeneA.Nida,Translatingconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesource-languagemessage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.第2题1.1Accordingtothetranslator'scomparisonandobservationoftheoriginaltextandthetranslation,itcanbedividedinto____and____.正确答案：:literarytranslation正确答案：:linguistictranslation第3题1.1RomanJakobsondescribedthreecategoriesoftranslation,namely____,____and____.正确答案：:intralingualtranslation正确答案：:interlingualtranslation正确答案：:intersemiotictranslation第4题1.2______'sapproachtotranslatingtheGreekSeptuagintBibleintoLatinwouldaffectlatertranslationsoftheScriptures.AStJeromeBCiceroCHoraceDEvans第5题1.2IntheUSA,translation-specificallyliterarytranslation-waspromotedinuniversitiesinthe1960sby______.Athegrammar-translationmethodBthetranslationworkshopconceptCthecommunicativeapproachDcontrastiveanalysis正确答案：B第6题1.2EugeneNidaincorporatedelementsofChomsky'sthenfashionablegenerativegrammarasatheoreticalunderpinningofhisbooks,whichwereinitiallydesignedtobepracticalmanualsforBibletranslators.第7题1.2In1972,GeorgesMouninpublishedTheNameandNatureofTranslationStudiesattheThirdInternationalConferenceonAppliedLinguisticsheldinCopenhagen,whichwaspraisedas"thedeclarationofthecreationofthediscipline"bywesternscholars.第8题1.2____isthestudyoftwolanguagesincontrastinanattempttoidentifygeneralandspecificdifferencesbetweenthem正确答案：:Contrastiveanalysis第9题1.3Theobjectivesofthe'pure'areasofresearcharethedescriptionofthephenomenaoftranslation(descriptivetranslationtheory)andtheestablishmentofgeneralprinciplestoexplainandpredictsuchphenomena(translationtheory).第10题1.3Product-orientedDTSexaminesexistingtranslations.ThiscaninvolvethedescriptionoranalysisofasingleST-TTpairoracomparativeanalysisofseveralTTsofthesameST.第11题1.3Byfunction-orientedDTS,Holmesmeansthedescriptionofthe‘functionoftranslationsintherecipientsocioculturalsituation:itisastudyoftextsratherthancontexts’.第12题1.3Area-restrictedtheoriesarelinguistictheoriesthathavebeenrestrictedtoaspecificlevelof(normally)thewordorsentence.第13题1.3The'theoretical'branchisdividedinto____and____theories.正确答案：:general正确答案：:partial第14题1.3The'applied'branchconcerns:____,____and____.正确答案：:translatortraining正确答案：:translationaid正确答案：:translationcriticism第15题1.3Thetwobranchesoftanslationstudiesare____and____.正确答案：:thepurebranch正确答案：:theappliedbranch第1题第2题2.1.1Translationisfirstascience,whichentailstheknowledgeandverificationofthefactsandthelanguagethatdescribesthem.Secondly,itisaskill,whichcallsforappropriatelanguageandacceptableusage.Thirdly,itisanart,whichdistinguishesgoodfromundistinguishedwritingandisthecreative,theintuitive,sometimestheinspired,levelofthetranslation.Lastly,itisamatteroftaste,whereargumentceases,preferencesareexpressed,andthevarietyofmeritorioustranslationsisthereflectionofindividualdifferences.第3题第4题2.1.2Semantictranslationattemptstoproduceonitsreadersaneffectascloseaspossibletothatcontainedonthereadersoftheoriginal.第5题第6题2.1.3PeterNewmarkbelievesthatwhenwearetranslating,wetranslatewithfourlevelsmoreorlessconsciouslyinmind,andtheyaretheSLtextlevel,thereferentiallevel,theparagraphlevelandthelevelofnaturalnessrespectively.第7题第8题2.1.4Understandingthetextonlyrequiresclosereading.第9题第10题2.1.5Indeed,msottextsarepurelyexpressive,informativeorvocative.第11题第12题2.1.6Indeed,thedifferentunderstandingoftheunitoftranslationreflectthetranslators’methodsoftranslation—thefreerthetranslation,thelongertheunit;themoreliteralthetranslation,theshortertheunit.第13题第14题2.1.7PeterNewmarkproposesthatwemustnotbeafraidofliteraltranslation,or,inparticular,ofusingaTLwordwhichlooksthesameornearlythesameastheSLword.第15题第16题2.1.8Thetranslatorofaculturalword,whichisalwayslesscontext-boundthanordinarylanguage,hastobearinmindboththemotivationandtheculturalspecialist(inrelationtothetext'stopic)andlinguisticlevelofthereadership.第17题第18题2.1.9Therearemanypossiblesolutions,excludingthereductionofthemetaphorstosimpleandmoreeffectivesenseandyouhavetoconsidereconomyaswellasthenatureofthetext第19题第20题第21题第22题第23题第24题第25题第26题第27题第28题第29题第30题第31题第32题第33题第34题第35题第36题第37题第38题单元测试第1题3.1SkoposTheorywasproposedby______.AKatharinaReissBHansVermeerCJustaHolz-MänttäriDChristianeNord第2题3.1Thetextcanbeclassifiedintothreetypes:______,______and______.AinformativetextBfunctionaltextCexpressivetextDoperativetext正确答案：ACD第3题3.2Iftheauthorwantstheinformationoffertoconveyartisticallyorganizedcontent,consciouslyverbalizingthecontentaccordingtoaestheticcriteria,itisanexpressivetexttype.第4题3.2Whichoneisanoperativetext?AApropagandapamphletBApoemCAnoperatinginstructionDAnovel正确答案：A第5题3.3Coherencerule,alsoknownasintra-textualcoherence,specifiesthatatranslatedversionshouldbeacceptableinasensethatitiscoherentwiththereceiver'ssituation.第6题3.3ThreerulesofSkopostheoryare

______,______and______.AskoposruleBcoherenceruleCfidelityruleDcommunicationrule正确答案：ABC第7题3.4Whentranslationisregardedasanintentionalinteraction,itisintendedtochangeanexistingstateofaffairs.

第8题3.4Theterm______usuallyreferstoaverybroadconcept,includingverbalandnonverbalfactors,allkindsofsituationalcluesaswellassomehiddeninformation.

Atexttype正确答案：第9题3.5In1997,ChristianeNordpublishedabookcalledTranslatingasaPurposefulActivity---FunctionalistApproachesExplained.第10题3.5_____referstothefactorsthatmakeatargettextworkintheintendedwayinthetargetsituation.AFunction

正确答案：第11题第12题第13题第14题第15题第16题第17题第18题第19题第20题单元测试第1题WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutTranslationStudies?AInthisbook,Bassnettpaidgreatattentiontotherelationshipbetweenliteratureandtranslation,andithasfourmajorsections.BThefirstsectionmainlyfocusesonthecentralissuessuchaslanguageandculture,decodingandrecoding,lossandgain,problemsofequivalence,untranslatability.CSectionTwoisdedicatedtothehistoryoftranslationtheory.Inthissection,theauthormadeareviewofthetranslationtheoriesinthehistory.DInSectionThreeofthisbook,theauthormainlyfocusesonsomespecificproblemsofliterarytranslation.第2题SusanBassnettis___________.AatranslationtheoristBascholarofcomparativeliteratureCateacherinRoyalSocietyofLiteratureDastudentinUniversityofWarwick正确答案：AB第3题Translation,HistoryandCultureisacollectionofessays.第4题Translation,HistoryandCultureisimportantbecauseitisinthisbookthatBassnettandLefeverefirstproposedthattranslationstudiesshouldtake____.正确答案：:theculturalturn第5题SusanBassnettagreeswiththeIrishscholarMichaelCroninthatthetranslatorisalsoa____,someoneengagedinajourneyfromonesourcetoanother.正确答案：:traveler第6题TheCulturalTranslationTheoryholdstheopinionthatthebasicunitoftranslationshouldbe“_____________”.AwordsandphrasesBsentencesCtextsDculture第7题WhatarethemajorprinciplesofCulturalTranslationTheory?ATranslationmakeseveryefforttosatisfytheneedsofthetargetlanguagecultureandtheneedsoftargetlanguagegroups.BThebasicunitintranslationshouldbecultureratherthantext.CThetranslationprocessisaprocessofcommunicating.DTranslationshouldbeviewedasthefunctionalequivalenceinthetargetlanguageculture.正确答案：BCD第8题TheCulturalTranslationTheorywasproposedpriortotheculturalturn.第9题Toexpalinthecloserelationamonglanguage,cultureandtranslation,Bassnettusedthemetaphorof"thesurgeonoperatingontheheart"inherTranslationStudies.Isthemetaphorpreciseaccordingtoyouropinion?AYes.BNo.第10题Theshiftofemphasisfromtranslation'sformalistphasetobroaderissuesofcontext,historyandconventioniscalled____intranslationstudies正确答案：:theculturalturn第11题WhatarethemainideasofCulturalTranslationTheory?AThebasicunitintranslationshouldbecultureratherthantext.BThetranslationprocessisaprocessofcommunicating.CTranslationshouldbeviewedasthefunctionalequivalenceinthetargetlanguageculture.DTranslationistosatisfytheneedsofdifferentcultureandtheneedsofdifferentgroupsinacertainculture.正确答案：ABCD第12题NothingaboutthebasicproblemsintranslationstudieswasgiveninCulturalTranslationTheory.第13题WiththeCulturalTranslationTheory,Bassnettcompletelysolvedtheuntranslatabilitywiththehelpofideasinfunctionalism.第14题TheCulturalTranslationTheorymakessurethattheresearchfocusoftranslationtheoristswastransferredontocultureandfunction.第15题Talkingaboutthefuturedevelopmentintranslationstudyaftertheculturalturn,SusanBassnettproposedthefollowingideas:____,____,____,____.正确答案：:Itisnecessarytoinvestigatetheacculturationamongdifferentculturesandmakedeepinvestigationofthewritersandtheirworksindifferentcultures.正确答案：:Toinvestigatetheethnocentricviolenceoftranslation.正确答案：:Itisnecessarytomakecomparisonbetweentheformingmodesofdifferentcultures.正确答案：:Itisnecessarytofocusontheculturaltrainingandevaluatetheinfluenceofthetranslationtrainingthroughouttheworld.第16题Whichofthefollowingsetsofwordshastheopppositeconnotations?A狐狸and“fox”B猴子and“monkey”C狗and“dog”D狼and“wolf”第17题As虎isthoughttobethekingofanimalsintraditionalChineseculture,phrasesandidiomswith虎abound.InEnglish,theanimalwiththesameconnotationis____________.AtigerBlionCleopardDcat第18题Teachersareusuallyaddressedas“Mr./Mrs./Missso-and-so”inEnglishspeakingcountries,becauseinasense,老师isarespectableterminChineseculturewhichsoundslikeatitle,butinEnglishculture“teacher”juststandsforajob.第19题TheAdressingTerm,"我，俺，某，余，吾，仆，在下，鄙人，晚生，小弟，奴才，奴婢，下官，草民，小人，老夫，贫僧，朕",inChinesemainlyshows____.正确答案：:humbleness第20题KinshipaddressingtermsinChinesearesometimesreplacedby____inEnglish.正确答案：:firstnames第21题WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutItamarEven-Zohariscorrect?AHeisspecificallyatranslationtheorist,aswellasaculturaltheorist.BHeisProfessoroftranslationTheoryofTelAvivUniversity.CHismainworkhasbeendevelopingpolysystemtheory,designedtodealwithdynamicsandheterogeneityinculture.DHewasborninTelAviv,andhadneverbeentoothercountries.第22题WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutEven-Zohar'sessayPolysystemTheoryareTRUE?APolysystemTheoryhasaltogetherthreeversionsBPolysystemTheorywasfirstpublishedin1979andthesecondin1990,CThe1997versionofPolysystemTheoryindicatesthatpolysystemtheoryhasalreadyevolvedfromaliterarytheorytoanordinaryculturaltheory.DPolysystemTheoryisonlyintendedfortranslationstudies.正确答案：ABC第23题ItamarEven-ZoharisoneoftherepresentativesoftheboomofTelAvivSchool.第24题Polysystemtheoryproposesthattheroletranslationsplayinthecultureinfluence____.正确答案：:translationstrategy第25题Previousclassificationoftranslationisthatallthetranslationswereinvariablyclassifiedas____system.正确答案：:secondary第26题WhentranslationmaintainsaPrimaryPosition,___________,___________,___________,___________.Athefunctionofitistointroduce“new”tothereceivingcultureBthetranslatorsfeelfreertobreaktheliteratureconventionsofthereceivinglanguageCtheTranslatedtextscloselyreproducetheoriginaltext’sformsandtextualrelationsDthetranslatedtextisoftenamore“adequate”matchofthesourcetextwhichmayinturnleadtoinnovationstotherecievingculture正确答案：AB第27题ThePolysystemTheoryholdsthatliterarytranslationwasconsideredsecondaryactivity,mechanical,ratherthancreative,neitherworthyofseriouscriticalattention.第28题Translatedliteratureisitselfasystemwithprimaryandsecondarypositionsoccupiedbydifferenttexts.____dependonthepositionoftranslatedliteraturewithinthepolysystem.正确答案：:Translationstrategies第29题Ofthefollowingstatements,whichoneisthedisadvantageofPolysystemTheory?AHisworkandhypothesisfocusedprimarilyupontheliterary,theextraliterarywassignificantlyabsentfromhisanalysis.BHistendencytoovergeneralizeandestablishuniversallawsbasedonnoevidencewhichneedsmoreanalysis.CHismethodologyanddiscourseandhisuncriticaladoptionoftheFormalistframeworkareadequateforthescopeofhisinvestigation.DHisformulationofprinciplesalwayscontradictsthatwhichheistryingtoprove.第30题Even-Zoharidentifiedthreemajorconditionscontributingtothetranslatedliteratureasacentralsystemintheliterarypolysystem.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdescribethethreecircumstances?AwhenaliteratureisyoungorintheprocessofbeingestablishedBwhenaliteratureorperipheralorweakorbothCwhentheTranslatedtextscloselyreproducetheoriginaltext’sformsandtextualrelationsDwhenaliteratureisexperiencingacrisisorturningpoint正确答案：ABD第31题WhenZhuQingying’stranslationofJaneEyrewascompletedattheendof1970s,Chinahadjustgotoutoftheten-yearturmoilandwasreadytojoinintheReformandOpening-up.Chinesewereeagertolearnforeignmasterpieces.ThereforetheEnglishculturewasinprimaryposition,aswellasthetranslationliterature.Thismeansforeignizationinliteraltranslation.第32题Inthe1950s,themainstreamoftranslationwastopromote”healthy”literature.Translationliteratureinthetargetlanguagewasatitsprimaryposition,highlightingtheproletarianspiritandwayoflife,whiletheoriginaltext,manifestingthespiritofheroismfromthesourcelanguage,wasnaturallyontheedge.Haiguan’stranslationcompliedwiththemainstreamnormsofthetimeindealingwithheroism,andadopted____intranslation.正确答案：:domestication第33题WiththeimplementationofChina‘sopening-uppolicyin1978,Chinesepeople,whohadbeenshutoutfromtheworldforalongtime,wereeagertolearnmoreabouttheoutsideworld.Thetranslationamongculturesareincreasingimmensely.Translationisnotonlytheconversionoftwodifferentlanguages,butalsoaculturalinterchange.Accordingtothepolysystemtheory,thetranslatedliteratureinprimarypositionhighlightsthecultureof____.正确答案：:thesourcelanguage单元测试第1题5.1.1TherearetwoprerequisitesforEco-translatology,namelyepistemicsequenceofthe“relevancechain”and“Relevance,AffinityandIsomorphismbetweenTranslationalandNaturalEcosystems”.第2题5.1.1ThefounderofEco-translatologyis____.正确答案：:HuGengshen第3题5.1.2Translationecologyreferstothestateofmutualconnectionandinteractionbetweentranslationsubjectsandtheirexternalenvironment.第4题5.1.2Theecologicalenvironmentoftranslationcanbedividedinto____,____and____levels.正确答案：:macro正确答案：:meso正确答案：:micro第5题5.1.2____referstothecollectionof“allthesubjects”relatedtotranslationactivities,whichinteractwiththeoccurrence,development,operation,result,functionandeffectofspecifictranslationactivities.正确答案：:Translationcommunity第6题5.1.3Translationmanagementecosystemisamacromanagementsystemtomanage,coordinate,maintainandevaluatetranslationecology.

第7题5.1.3____isamulti-ecologicalenvironmentsystemwithtranslationeducationasthecenter,whichrestrictsandregulatestheemergence,existenceanddevelopmentoftranslationeducation.正确答案：:Translationeducationecosystem第8题5.1.4Theobjectivesofthe'pure'areasofresearcharethedescriptionofthephenomenaoftranslation(descriptivetranslationtheory)andtheestablishmentofgeneralprinciplestoexplainandpredictsuchphenomena(translationtheory).Alinguisticeco-balanceBculturaleco-balanceCfunctional

eco-balanceDcommunicativeeco-balance正确答案：ABD第9题5.1.4____referstothelivingandworkingstateofthetranslationsubjectinitssurroundingenvironment.正确答案：:Translationalecology第10题5.1.5Inadditiontothetransformationoflinguisticinformationandthetransmissionofculturalconnotations,translatorsshouldalsopayattentiontotheadaptiveselectionofbilingualcommunicativeintention,focusingonthecommunicativelevelandwhetherthecommunicativeintentionoftheoriginaltextcanbereflectedinthetranslation.第11题5.1.5Textualtransplantisanunderstandingofthenatureoftranslation,whichfocusesontheinherent______ofthetext.ApronunciationBtransplantabilityCrhetoricDgrammar第12题5.1.6____isnecessaryforsurvivaland____isindispensableforevolutionanddevelopment.正确答案：:adaptation正确答案：:selection第13题5.1.6Accordingto______,“Adaptationandnaturalselectioncanbeconsideredcauseandeffectwithintheevolutionaryprocess:thoseindividualswhoadaptbetterwillbethosechosentoliveanddevelopsuccessfullyinagivenecosystem.”AHuGengshenBHansVermeerCCharlesDarwinDChristinaNord第14题5.1.7“ThreeDimensionTransformations”,LinguisticDimensionTransformation,CulturalDimensionTransformationandCommunicativeDimensionTransformation.第15题第16题5.1.8Commoneco-translationstrategiesandmethodsinclude:A“Transplanting”throughMulti-dimensionalAdaptationandSelectionB“Emptying”theTranslator’sMind,AbsorbingorRe-shapingtheNewEco-environmentbeforeTranslating,C

“Makingup”forLackingElementsintheTargetEco-environmentD“Leaningon”eithertheSource-textEcologyortheTarget-textEcology正确答案：ABCD第17题5.1.8Leaningonthesource-textecologymeansforeignizationintranslating,whileleaningontarget-textecologyisthatthetranslatoradaptstothetarget-textecology.

第18题第19题第20题第21题第22题YanFu,mostfamousforintroducingWesternthoughtsintoChinaduringthelate19thcentury,especiallyintroducing______________.AHuxley’sworkNaturalSelectionBDarwin‘sideaof“naturalselection”CAdamSmith’sNaturalSelectionDJohnStuartMill‘sideaof“naturalselection”第23题WhichofthefollowingworksweretranslatedbyYanFu?ATheSelectedPoemsbyMaoZedongBEvolutionandEthicsandOtherEssaysCThePipe-AwlChaptersDTheWealthofNations正确答案：BD第24题Faithfulnessmeanstheconveyingortransmissionoftheoriginalcontentorthoughtshoulddependonthecontent.第25题Expressivenessdemandsthatthetranslationmustbeclearandwithoutanygrammaticalmistakesorconfusinglogics.第26题Elegancemeansthetargettextshouldbesimilartothesourcetextinstyle.第27题InSelectedWorksofMaoZedong,QianZhongshutranslated“吃一堑，长一智”as__