高中英语三大从句专练100题

高中英语三大从句专练100题一、定语从句要点精要回顾定语从句，顾名思义，是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，它赋予了被修饰词更丰富的内涵。理解定语从句，关键在于抓住“先行词”和“关系词”这两个核心。1.先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。关系词的选择与先行词的性质（指人、指物、指时间、指地点等）以及其在从句中所充当的句子成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语）密切相关。2.关系词：连接主句和定语从句的桥梁，同时在从句中充当一定成分。*关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that。它们在从句中通常作主语、宾语或定语。*who/whom指人，who作主语，whom作宾语（常可省略）。*which指物，可作主语或宾语。*that既可指人也可指物，作主语或宾语，在很多情况下可以替代who/whom/which，但也有特殊情况（如先行词是不定代词、最高级修饰、序数词修饰等）只能用that，或只能用which（如非限制性定语从句）。*whose表示“……的”，可指人也可指物，作定语。*关系副词：when,where,why。它们在从句中作状语。*when指时间，相当于“介词+which”。*where指地点，相当于“介词+which”。*why指原因，通常先行词是reason，相当于“forwhich”。3.非限制性定语从句：通常用逗号与主句隔开，对先行词进行补充说明，关系词不可用that，且不能省略。核心考点提示：*关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略，但关系副词不可省略。*区分关系代词和关系副词的关键在于看从句中是否缺少主语、宾语或定语，若缺少则用关系代词；若从句主干完整，则用关系副词或“介词+关系代词”结构。*“介词+关系代词”结构中，介词的选择取决于先行词的搭配或从句中动词的搭配。二、状语从句要点精要回顾状语从句用以修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式或比较等。其种类繁多，引导词是学习的重点。1.时间状语从句：when,while,as,before,after,since,until/till,assoonas,hardly...when...,nosooner...than...,themoment,immediately等。*注意when,while,as的区别；until句型的肯定与否定形式。2.地点状语从句：where,wherever。3.原因状语从句：because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat等。*because语气最强，回答why；since/as常置于句首，意为“既然”。4.目的状语从句：sothat,inorderthat,incase(以防),forfearthat(生怕)。*常与情态动词can,could,may,might等连用。5.结果状语从句：so...that...,such...that...,sothat(结果)。*区分so和such的修饰对象；sothat引导目的和结果的区别。6.条件状语从句：if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,provided/providingthat等。*注意“主将从现”原则（主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来）。7.让步状语从句：though/although,evenif/though,as(倒装),while(置于句首),nomatter+wh-词,wh-词+ever等。*though/although不能与but连用；as引导让步状语从句时需倒装。8.方式状语从句：as(像……一样),asif/asthough(仿佛，好像)。*asif/asthough从句可用虚拟语气。9.比较状语从句：as...as...,notas/so...as...,than。*注意比较对象的一致性；倍数表达法。核心考点提示：*状语从句的引导词意义多样，需根据上下文语境判断。*部分状语从句（如时间、条件）中，当主句为将来时态或含有情态动词时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来。*虚拟语气在某些状语从句（如asif,if条件句）中的应用。三、名词性从句要点精要回顾名词性从句在句中起名词的作用，可充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语，分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。1.连接词：*that：无意义，在从句中不充当成分，引导宾语从句时可省略（但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时通常不省略）。*whether/if：意为“是否”，在从句中不充当成分。whether可用于所有名词性从句，if通常只用于宾语从句，且不用于句首或介词后。*连接代词：what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever等。在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。*连接副词：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。在从句中充当状语。2.主语从句：位于句首，或用it作形式主语置于句首，从句后置。*常见句型：Itis+adj./n./过去分词+that从句。3.宾语从句：位于及物动词、介词或某些形容词后。*注意时态呼应（主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态；但客观真理用一般现在时）；语序要用陈述句语序。4.表语从句：位于系动词（be,look,seem,appear等）后。5.同位语从句：位于某些名词（如fact,news,idea,suggestion,truth,possibility,belief等）后，对前面的名词作进一步解释说明。*同位语从句与定语从句的区别：同位语从句是对名词内容的解释，that无意义且不充当成分；定语从句是对名词的修饰限定，that在从句中充当成分。核心考点提示：*名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。*that与what的区别：that无意义不充当成分，what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，意为“……的（东西/事情/人等）”。*whether与if的用法差异。*连接代词和连接副词在从句中的成分作用。---四、三大从句专项练习题（一）定语从句专项(30题)1.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterdayisveryinteresting.2.Thisisthegirl______helpedmewhenIwasintrouble.3.Istillremembertheday______wefirstmet.4.Thereason______hewaslateisthathemissedtheearlybus.5.Thisisthecity______Iwasborn.6.Heistheman______carwasstolenlastnight.7.Thefilm______wesawlastnightwaswonderful.8.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?9.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools______hehadvisited.10.Thehouse,______windowsfacesouth,isourclassroom.11.Wewillneverforgetthedays______wespenttogetherinthecountryside.12.Idon'tliketheway______hespeakstohismother.13.Thescientist______wemetyesterdayhasmadegreatcontributionstoourcountry.14.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastmonth.15.Hefailedintheexam,______madehisparentsveryangry.16.Theboywith______Iplayedtennisyesterdayismybestfriend.17.Ihavetwosisters,both______aredoctors.18.Thefactory______hisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.19.Doyouknowthereason______sherefusedtheinvitation?20.Wevisitedtheschool______myfathertaught20yearsago.21.Thepen______Iwriteeverydayisbroken.22.Thisisthefirsttime______IhavebeentoBeijing.23.Heistheonlystudent______cansolvethisproblem.24.There'snoone______wantstohelpyou.25.Theroom______windowisbrokenneedstoberepaired.26.I'llneverforgetthetime______weworkedonthefarm.27.Thegirl______hairisredisfromAmerica.28.Thisisthebestnovel______Ihaveeverread.29.Theperson______youshouldaskisMr.Smith.30.Helivesinasmalltown,______isonlythreemilesawayfromhere.（二）状语从句专项(35题)31.Iwillcallyou______IarriveinBeijing.32.______itrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.33.Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday______hewasill.34.Shestudieshard______shecangetgoodgrades.35.Theboxis______heavy______Ican'tcarryit.36.______heisyoung,heknowsalot.37.Do______theteachertellsyou.38.Ihaven'tseenhim______heleftforShanghai.40.HespeaksEnglish______fluently______anativespeaker.41.______Igothome,mymotherwascooking.42.Youwillmissthebus______youhurryup.43.Heworked______hard______hepassedtheexam.44.______shewasreading,herbrotherwasplayinggames.45.I'llgotherewithyou______youlike.46.______theweatherisfine,wewillgohiking.47.Hewas______tired______hefellasleepimmediately.48.Pleaseturnoffthelight______youleavetheroom.50.______heisrich,heisnothappy.51.Wemusthurry______wecancatchtheearlybus.52.Heran______fast______noonecouldcatchhim.54.______youtoldme,Ihadnoideaofthematter.55.Helooks______hehasn'tsleptforanight.56.______Iinyourposition,Iwoulddoitdifferently.57.Themoreyoupractice,______betteryouwillbe.58.I'llletyouknow______Ihearfromher.59.______heisold,hestillworksveryhard.60.Shewassoexcited______shecouldn'tsayaword.61.______youhavefinishedyourhomework,youcanwatchTV.62.I'llgo______yougo.63.Hespokeslowly______everyonecouldunderstandhim.64.______Iwaswalkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.65.Youcanborrowthebook______youreturnitontime.66.Hedidn'tgotobed______hefinishedhishomework.67.______thesunwasshining,itwasn'tverywarm.68.I'llgiveyouacall______Iarrive.69.Sheistaller______hersister.70.______difficultthetaskis,wewilltryourbesttofinishit.71.Hedidthework______hisfatherhadtaughthim.72.Iwascooking______thetelephonerang.73.______youdon'tlikehim,youshouldstillbepolite.74.We'llstart______thesignalisgiven.75.Hesavedmoney______hecouldbuyanewcar.（三）名词性从句专项(35题)77.Idon'tknow______heistalkingabout.78.Theproblemis______wecansolveitintime.79.Ihavenoidea______shewillarrive.80.______brokethewindowisunknown.81.Weheardthenews______ourteamhadwonthegame.82.Itisimportant______weshouldlearnEnglishwell.83.Canyoutellme______thenearestpostofficeis?84.Thequestionis______wecanfinishtheworkbyFriday.85.Iwonder______hewillacceptourinvitation.86.______youneedismorepractice.87.Thefact______hefailedtheexamsurprisedusall.88.Itdependson______itwillraintomorrow.89.Sheaskedme______Ilikedthemovie.90.Thenews______hetoldmeisnottrue.(注：此题考查点需仔细辨别)91.______teamwillwinthematchishardtosay.93.Pleasetellme______youarelateagain.95.I'minterestedin______heisdoingnow.96.Theteacherasked______couldanswerthequestion.97.Thereasonforhisabsenceis______heisill.98.______hesaidmademeveryhappy.99.Ihavenodoubt______hewillsucceed.100.Theproblem______weshouldchooseasourmonitorhasbeendiscussed.---五、答案与解析（一）定语从句专项答案与解析1.that/which(先行词thebook指物，从句中缺宾语，可用that或which，也可省略)*句意：我昨天从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。2.who/that(先行词thegirl指人，从句中缺主语，可用who或that)*句意：这就是那个在我困难时帮助我的女孩。3.when(先行词theday指时间，从句主干完整，缺