2021-2022学年新教材高中英语Unit4LivingwithtechnologySectionAWelcometotheUnit课后巩固提升含解析牛津译林版选择性必修第二册

PAGE1-Unit4LivingwithtechnologySectionAWelcometotheunit&Reading必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Therehasbeenabig(投入)ofresourcesintotheprojectfromindustry.

2.Weshoulddevelopthestudents’abilityto(分析)andsolveproblems.

3.Theterm“cardboardcity”was(创造)todescribecommunitiesofhomelesspeoplelivingincardboardboxes.

4.Theattacker(威胁)mewithagun.

5.Storesspendmoreandmoreon(罪行)preventioneveryyear.

6.Theofficial(敦促)thegovernmentnottopassuptheopportunitythathasnowpresenteditself.

7.Whilethemodellingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodel,maleorfemale,willalwaysbein(需要).

8.Heglancedbrieflytowardsherbuttherewasnosignof(认出).

9.Policeareinvestigatingthe(盗窃)ofcomputersfromthecompany’soffices.

10.Whatisthedifferencebetweenahungrymananda(贪心的)man?

Ⅱ.短语填空buildcastlesintheair,cometrue,putforward,tonamebutafew,getcloseto,toone’sadvantage,fallvictimto,comeintouse,intheory,breakinto1.Differenthypotheseshavebeentoexplainwhythesefoodsaremorelikelytocauseproblems.

2.Localsareprettyexpertatturningthesun,usingittogeneratesolarpower.

3.Tworobbersherhome,heldaknifetoherthroatandrobbedhersavings.

4.Hewasamanwholikedto,butneversucceededinanything.

5.Thisnewmethodshouldwork,eventhoughitdoesn’tworkinreality.

6.Thereisnodenyingthatmoreandmoreartificialintelligencewillinourdailylife.

7.Activitiesavailableincludesquash,archeryandswimming,.

8.Ittakesmealongtimetodropmyguardandpeople.

9.Thelongerapersonhassmoked,thegreaterbecomeshisliabilitytolungcancer.

10.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearethinkingcreativelytomaketheirdreams.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.借给他五百美元的那个人昨天离开纽约去伦敦了。ThemanfivehundreddollarsleftNewYorkforLondonyesterday.

2.大学的目标是帮助学生实现他们的梦想。Thecollege’saimis    .

3.天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。   ,tentooneit’llrainpresently.

4.有些科学家表示了担忧,认为这种病可能传染给人类。Somescientistshavevoicedconcern       .

5.他想出的处理这个问题的方法是非常重要的。Thewaytodealwiththeproblemwasofgreatimportance.

6.显然,网上的一些汉语课程有助于你适应汉语环境。   someonlinecoursesofspokenChinesecanbehelpfulforyoutoadaptintotheChineselanguageenvironment.

关键能力提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解A主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文SeveralJobsThatWillBeAutomatedbyArtificialIntelligence(AI)andRobotsTranslatorImagerecognitionsoftwareandvoicerecognitionsoftwarearebringingsomemajoradvancestolanguagetranslation.ApplicationslikeGoogle’sWordLenscantranslatewordsfromsignsanddocumentsinrealtimeandtherearealotoftranslationappsthatallowyoutotypeinawordorphraseandwilltranslateitforyou.Somewillevenspeakthephraseforyouandrawword-to-wordtranslationwillbefullyautomatedsoon.FastfoodworkersAutomatedorderingboothshavealreadymadetheirwayintoafewMcDonald’srestaurantsaroundtheworld,andcookingpositionscouldberemovednext.Theboothsprobablycan’thandlecustomerserviceproblemswell,sotelevideosystemscouldbringinanofficeemployeetodealwithcomplaints.FieldtechnicianNewadvancesintheInternetofThingscouldmakethisworkabandoned.Low-costsensorscombinedwithhighavailabilitycellular/satellitecommunicationsandcloudtechnologyarebeingstartedtoautomateandalarmthesesites,andcanbecheckedandmaintainedfromadesktopormobiledevice.SalesrepresentativeBut,e-commerceischanginghowwemakepurchasingdecisions,especiallythosewherethereisn’tmuchdifferentiation(区分度)amongthemajorcompetitors.Ifyou’resellingahigh-differentiationproductorahigh-price,low-volume(体积)product,youhavesomejobsecurity,butifyou’resellingahigh-volume,low-differentiationproduct,youbetterstartpolishingyourresume,saidDougCamplejohn,CEOofFliptop.“Thesekindofproductsalesareallmovingonline.”

1.Google’sWordLenscan.

A.makereal-timetranslationB.speakthephraseorwordforyouC.translatebyimageandvoicerecognitionsoftwareD.allowyoutotypeinawordorphrase2.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondpart?A.Alltherestaurantsownautomatedorderingbooths.B.Serviceproblemscan’tbehandledautomatically.C.CookswillnotbeautomatedbyAIandrobots.D.CustomerswillhavenocomplaintsbecauseofAI.3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“youbetterstartpolishingyourresume”inthelastparagraph?A.Youmustvalueyourpresentwork.B.Youhavesomejobsecurity.C.Youshouldconsiderchangingthejob.D.Yourresumeneedscorrectingfurther.B主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文TheGoogleBrainteamhasbeenworkingoncomputingsystemscalled“neuralnetworks”—systemsthatweredesignedbasedonhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrain.Thistime,theygaveamissiontothreeoftheneuralnetworks,whichtheynamedAlice,BobandEve.Eachofthenetworkshaditsownjob—AlicesentmessagestoBob,Evetriedto“eavesdrop(偷听)”andfindoutthemessages,andAliceandBobhadtofigureoutawaytohidethemessagesfromEve.AllthehelpthatAliceandBobgotfromtheresearchersbeforethemissionbeganwasmadeupofasetofnumbers,whichEvedidn’thaveaccessto.Atfirst,Alicewasnotverygoodatsendingsecretmessages.Butslowlyitworkedonawaytoencrypt(加密)them—puttinginformationintoaspecialcodesothatotherscouldnotunderstanditiftheygottheinformation—usingthenumbersgivenbyresearchers.Andafterpractice,Bobalsocametobeabletodecrypt(解密)Alice’smessages.Withoutthenumbersorkeys,EvefailedtounderstandAlice’s“speech”mostofthetime.Thistestisconsideredabigstepinthedevelopmentofcomputers’learningskills.“Computingwithneuralnetworksonthisscalehasonlybecomepossibleinthelastfewyears,sowetrulyareatthebeginningofwhat’spossible,”JoeSturonasofUSencryptioncompanyPKWAREtoldNewScientistmagazine.Unfortunately,thetesthappenedonlyoneweekafterUKphysicistStephenHawking,whilespeakingatCambridgeUniversity,warnedhowAI(artificialintelligence)coulddevelopawillofitsown.Thiscouldbe“eitherthebestortheworstthingevertohappentohumanbeing”,hesaid.ButjustasSturonaspointedout,nomatterwhatthepossibilitiesofcomputersareinthefuture,theyarejuststartingout.Westillhaveplentyoftimetoworkoutasolutionbeforetheygetanywherenearbecomingathreattohumanity.4.Forwhatpurposewasthetestconducted?A.Tostudyhowneuronsworkinthehumanbrain.B.Tostudyhowcomputingsystemsworkandlearn.C.Tofindoutamoreeffectivewaytokeepsecrets.D.Tofindoutamorepowerfulwaytobreakthecodes.5.Howdoesthecomputingsystemworkinthetest?A.encrypting—messages—code—messages—decryptingB.messages—encrypting—code—decrypting—messagesC.code—messages—encrypting—decrypting—messagesD.messages—code—decrypting—encrypting—messages6.WhatcanwelearnfromHawking’swarning?A.AImustbeablessing.B.AIshouldbeforbidden.C.AIissuretobeafailure.D.AIisadouble-edgedsword.7.What’sSturonas’attitudetowardsthedevelopmentofAI?A.Hopeful. B.Doubtful.C.Puzzled. D.Panicked.Ⅴ.七选五主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文Theadventofhigh-techeraisstillbasedonthedevelopmentofhumanabilitytousetools.Fromancienttimes,1Thepositiveaspectsoftheseabilitiesweredugoutbyhumansurvivalinstinct,whilethenegativeoneswereignoredbecausetheywereinsignificant.

Whenorganizedcivilizationbegantoappearontheearth,peoplebegantomakevehicles.Onthepositiveside,2Onthenegativeside,theymadetheburdenofslavesheavierandincreasedthepossibilityofcivilianuprising.

Duringthealternationperiodbetweenthemiddleagesandthemodernworldinthe17thand19thcenturies,whentheindustrialrevolutionwasflourishing,thereweremanygreatinventionsinthehandsofhumanbeings,suchasthesteamengineandmanyfactories.3Thepositivesideprovidedasolidfoundationforscientificexploration,greatlyenhancedthepower,andgreatlyenhancedthecarryingcapacity.Thenegativesideisthattheenvironmentalpollutionisgreatlyaggravated.

Inthe20thcentury,mankindbegantousenuclearenergy,andtheadvantagesgainedfromthe17thto19thcenturiescontinuedtogrowsubstantially.4Butatthesametime,thenegativeeffectswerealsoincreasingsecretly.Theleakageofnuclearenergymakestheeconomyofsomecountriesfacecollapse(suchasJapan),andaslongasaterroristhasmasteredthecodeforlaunchinganuclearbomb,humanlifeintheworldwillbeatstake.

Inthe21stcentury,thepositiveandnegativeaspectsbroughtaboutbynucleardeterrencehavestabilizedandstoppedgrowing.5Butthedisadvantagesareinevitable.Forexample,theInternetmakesmanynetizensaddictedtotheInternet,thenetworkcrimeisrampant,andthedevelopmentofartificialintelligencetoacertainextentmayproduceself-consciousness,anditispossibletoresisthumanbeingswithitshighintelligence.

Asforthefollow-up,wecanonlyseehowhumanbeingsdecidetheirowndirection.A.humanbeingsbegantolearntousestoneaxestocutdowntreesanddrillwoodforfire.B.Inaddition,nucleardeterrencestabilizedtheworldsituation,especiallywiththecomingofthenextWorldWar.C.Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinscienceandtechnology.Weshouldtreattherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywithcorrecteyes.D.theymainlyenhancedthecarryingcapacityandhadmorefunctions.E.Thepositiveandnegativeaspectsincreasedinproportion.F.However,theInternet,artificialintelligence,newenergydevelopmentandotheremergingfieldshavegreatlybenefitedmankind.G.Soweshouldresistthebadfactorstopromotethefurtherdevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.参考答案SectionAWelcometotheunit&ReadingⅠ.1.input2.analyse3.coined4.threatened5.crime6.urged7.demand8.recognition9.theft10.greedyⅡ.1.putforward2.totheiradvantage3.brokeinto4.buildcastlesintheair5.ineintouse7.tonamebutafew8.getcloseto9.fallvictimetrueⅢ.1.fromwhomheborrowed2.tohelpstudentsachievetheirdreams3.Withtheweathersocloseandstuffy4.thatthediseasecouldbepassedontohumans5.thathehadthoughtof6.ItisobviousthatⅣ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个可以被人工智能和机器人自动操作的工作。1.A细节理解题。根据Translator中的“ApplicationslikeGoogle’sWordLenscantranslatewordsfromsignsanddocumentsinrealtimeandtherearealotoftranslationappsthatallowyoutotypeinawordorphraseandwilltranslateitforyou.”可知,谷歌的WordLens可以进行实时翻译。故选A项。2.B细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“Theboothsprobablycan’thandlecustomerserviceproblemswell,sotelevideosystemscouldbringinanofficeemployeetodealwithcomplaints.”可知,自动订餐亭的服务问题不能自动处理。故选B项。3.C句意猜测题。由最后一段“Ifyou’resellingahigh-differentiationproductorahigh-price,low-volume(体积)product,youhavesomejobsecurity,butifyou’resellingahigh-volume,low-differentiationproduct,youbetterstartpolishingyourresume”中的转折连词but可知,“yoube