Welcome-unit-Discovering-Useful-Structures-名师教学设计

8/8WelcomeunitDiscoveringUsefulStructures名师教学设计课时内容Analysebasicsentencestructures主题语境：人与自我主题群：生活与学习语篇类型：文本、故事文本分析：本节课设计了三个活动，第一部分介绍常见的几种句型结构，第二部分读句子并分析句子结构，第三部分读段落并分析段落中的句子的结构。本课的主要特点是把语法学习融入主题意义探究的过程中，提高学生语言学习的能力，发展学生的语言思维能力。课时目标1.识别出常见的英语句型结构。2.能够分析句型结构。重点难点重点：理解英语中常见的句型结构。难点：分析长句难句的句型结构。教学准备教师准备：不同句型结构的句子。学生准备：复习常见的句子结构。教学过程StepⅠ学习理解活动一：学习常见的句子成分英语常见的句子成分有：S（subject）主语，V（verb）谓语，O（object）宾语，P（predicative）表语，A（adverbial）状语，DO（directobject）直接宾语，IO（indirectobject）间接宾语，C（objectcomplement）宾语补足语。1.主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。如：Countrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（数词）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2.谓语：谓语说明主语的动作、状态或特征。可以有不同的时态、语态和语气。（1）简单谓语：Westudyforthepeople.（2）复合谓语：IcanspeakalittleEnglish.Wearereadingbooks.HehasgonetoBeijing.3.表语：它位于系动词（比如be）之后，说明主语身份、特征、属性或状态。Mysisterisanurse.（名词）Isityours？（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）Thespeechisexciting.（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone？（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobbyisplayingfootball.（动名词）Therulermustbeinyourbox.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）4.宾语：宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。WelikeEnglish.（名词）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave？Ihavefive.（数词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）Itbegantorain.（不定式短语）Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（动名词短语）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。Hegavemesomeink.有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。Wemakehimourmonitor.5.宾补：就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的成分。HisfathernamedhimDongming.（名词）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefreshairin.（副词）Youmustn'tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（现在分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）6.状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分，叫作状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）Heissorrytotroubleyou.（不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）状语种类如下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix？（时间状语）Lastnightshedidn'tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因状语）Ishallgothereifitdoesn'train.（条件状语）Mr.Smithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地点状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（伴随状语）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（结果状语）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（让步状语）Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）活动二：指出下列句子中的划线部分是什么句子成分1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.（主语）2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.（宾语）3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass谓语）4.HetookmanyphotosoftheBeijingZooinBeijing.（宾语）5.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.（表语）6.Hewantstofinishtheworkintime.（宾语）7.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.（形式宾语）8.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress？（双宾语）9.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.（状语）10.Henoticedamanentertheroom.（宾语补足语）11.Theapplestastedsweet.（表语）活动三：识别句子结构（SB，P6，Part1）1.Understandthesentences.AskstudentstoreadthesentencesandtranslatethemintoChinesetounderstandtheirmeanings.2.Recognisethestructuresofthesentences.Askstudentstoworkingroupstoanalysethestructuresofthesentences.SentencestructureSentenceSVAllofuslaughed!SVOImissmygrandma.SPTheteacherwaskindandfriendly.SVIODOHetoldusafunnystory.SVOCIfoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.SVAHetalkedtoomuch.SVOAIhadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.Therebe…There'salottoexploreatseniorhigh.【设计意图】先认识不同的句子结构以及英语缩写，然后分析例句并学习简单句的句子结构，为分析句子成分做好铺垫。StepⅡ应用实践活动四：分析句子结构（SB，P6，Part2）1.Understandthesentences.AskstudentstoreadthesentencesandtranslateintoChinesetounderstandtheirmeanings.2.Workinpairsandtrytoanalysethestructures.3.Sharetheanswers.Suggestedanswers：1.The100-year-oldschoolliesinthecentreofthecity.（SVA）2.Wemustact.（SV）3.Themathshomeworklookseasy.（SP）4.Theteacherfoundtheclassroomempty.（SVOC）5.Mymumboughtmeanewdictionary.（SVIODO）6.Tomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent.（SVO）7.ThereisanEnglishCorneratourschool.（Therebe…）8.Wehadchemistryinthenewlybuiltlab.（SVOA）【设计意图】分析句子结构，有助于学生加深对于英语句子的理解，也有利于提高学生分析句子成分的能力。活动五：分析下列句子分别属于哪种基本句型1.Thetrainiscoming. （）2.WealllikeEnglish. （）3.Dannylookshappy. （）4.Momgavemeapresent. （）5.Thestorymakesmelaugh. （）6.Therainhasstopped. （）7.Theflowerisdead. （）8.Plantsneedwater. （）9.Hegavemesomeseeds. （）10.Thechildrenstayedintheroom. （）Answers：1.SV2.SV3.SP4.SVIODO5.SVOC6.SV7.SP8.SVO9.SVIODO10.SVAStepⅢ语境中分析下划线句子的结构（SB，P6Part3）1.Readthepassageandanalysethestructuresoftheunderlinedsentences.2.Sharetheanswerswithwholeclass.Suggestedanswers：（1）Thatdreamhascometrue！（SV）（2）Timandhisclassmatesarelivingonaship！（SVA）（3）Theyalsolearnaboutshipsandthesea.（SVO）（4）Timwriteshisparentsanemaileveryweekandtellsthemwhathappenedontheship.（SVIODO）（5）There'salwayssomethingexcitingtodo.（Therebe句型）（6）Studyinganddoinghomeworkseemmuchmorefun.（SP）【设计意图】在学习和练习了八种基本句型之后，让学生置入新的情境中，通过阅读，并分析下划线句子的结构，有助于对所学基本句型有了更深刻的理解和更准确的把握。活动六：语法练习翻译下列句子。1.你们看起来气色很好。_________________________________________________________________2.他们成了朋友。_________________________________________________________________3.我们的任务是好好学习。_________________________________________________________________4.吉姆在那儿。_________________________________________________________________5.人们正玩得很愉快。_________________________________________________________________6.这位漂亮的女士想让我唱歌。_________________________________________________________________7.孩子们还没有看完书。_________________________________________________________________8.商店后面有一棵树。_________________________________________________________________9.我们总是礼貌地称呼他李老师。____________________________________________