Unit 4 Discover useful structures 课件-2022-2023学年高二英语同步课件（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit4UNIT4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLANDToanalysethedifferenceinusesandmeaningsofpastparticiplesand–ingformsTopractiseusingthepastparticiplesandthe–ingformstocreateadverbialclauses1.Thegirlswere________toseesuchanopencountry.Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas_________.amazedamazingFillineachblankwiththecorrectformofaverbfromthebox.Findthedifferencebetweeneachpairofsentences,payingattentiontothe-edand–ingforms.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.seefrightenheadamaze感到……令人……姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。2.Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe___________.Doyoufeel___________whengoingintothewildernessalone?frighteningfrightened3._______fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating.________thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwasfascinatedbytheautumncolours.SeenSeeing感到……令人……分词表示的动作和句子主语是被动关系主动关系4._________eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.Finally,thecompany--________byitsnewmanager--startedtomakeaprofit.Headingheaded被动主动独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。分词作表语和状语1.作表语:

过去分词与其逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系，表示人或物的心情或状态等,也可以理解为心情或状态受到外界影响,有“感到……”之意;

动词-ing形式则表示主动关系，多指人或物的自身特征,有“令人……”之意。e.g.Wewereamazedtofindthatnoonewashurt.Bytheway,themachineisamazing.Doyoufeelfrightenedwhenwalkinghomealoneinthedark?Walkinghomealoneinthedarkcanbefrightening.Whenyou’reboredatwork,it’stimetotakeavacation.It’sboringtositontheplanewithnothingtoread.很多与感觉有关的动词,其v.-ing形式表示主动意义,即“令人……的”,多用来修饰物;其v.-ed形式表示被动意义,即“感到……的”,多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。

这类词常见的有：

interesting

有趣的—interested

感兴趣的

delighting

令人高兴的—delighted感到高兴的

disappointing令人失望的—disappointed感到失望的

encouraging

令人鼓舞的—encouraged感到鼓舞的

pleasing令人愉快的—pleased

感到愉快的

puzzling令人费解的—puzzled感到费解的

satisfying令人满意的—satisfied

感到满意的

surprising令人惊异的—surprised

感到惊异的

worrying

令人担心的—worried

感到担心的

过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词可放在连系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后，构成“be+过去分词”结构：表示状态时，是系表结构，此时的过去分词通常已形容词化;表示动作时,是被动语态,且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词by引出。e.g.Thebookiswellwritten.这本书写得很好。(系表结构,强调主语所处的状态)Thebookwaswritten

byMoYan.这本书是莫言写的。(被动语态,强调主语所承受的动作)e.g.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksmagnificent.Seeingthepolice,hemadearunfortheexit.Influencedbyhisexample,theyperformedcountlessgooddeeds.

Hesatatthetable,readingamagazine.2.作状语:

过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,往往表示完成;

动词-ing形式与其辑主语之间是主动关系，可表示动作正在进行。二者作状语时可表示时间、原因或伴随状态等。本单元我们着重复习过去分词作状语过去分词(短语)在句中作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。1.表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。e.g.Asked(=Whenhewasasked)whathadhappened,heloweredhishead.2.表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。

e.g.Scared(=Because/Asshewasscared)ofthetiger,thegirldidn’tdaretosleepalone.4.表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。e.g.Left(Althoughhewasleft)athome,Johndidn’tfeelscaredatall.5.表示方式或伴随，可以转换成一个并列句。e.g.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,(andhewas)followedbyagroupofstudents.3.表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。e.g.Given(=Ifweweregiven)moretime,wecoulddoitsubstantiallybetter.【注意】1.过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语和句子的主语相一致。e.g.Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.[误]Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.[正]小偷如果被抓,会受到警方的惩罚。2.过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应的连词,如when,though,although,asif,if,unless,until,once等,表时间、让步、条件方式等。e.g.If(Iam)invited,Iwillattendtheweddingofmyfriend.如果受到邀请,我会参加我朋友的婚礼。1.

Oneofthewindowsis_________(broke).2._______(look)outofthewindow,wesawacatwalkingalongthewall.3.Helooked________(puzzle)soIrepeatedthequestion.4.Shewas_________(surprise)tofindthefridgeempty;thechildrenhadeateneverything!5._________(build)thirtyyearsago,thehouselooksverybeautiful.brokenLookingpuzzledsurprisedBuilt用所给词的正确形式填空。6._______(born)inapoorfamily,hehadtoworkwhenhewasyoung.7.Hewalkedslowlyintheforest,________(follow)byadog.8.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.9._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.10.________(see)fromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.BornfollowedrangingSeeingSeenCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontothedifferentmeaningsofthe-edand–ingforms.boreexcitetiresatisfy1.Webecame_________whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.Weexpectedtoexperiencealotof_________thingsthere.excitedexciting想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里体验很多令人激动的事情。2.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso______.Theeight-hourtrainridewasquite________.3.Iwasnot_________withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada__________mealatthehotel'srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.4.Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogramesthatdaywerereally_______.Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefeltpretty________.tiredtiringboreexcitetiresatisfysatisfiedsatisfyingboringbored由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车行程令人疲惫不堪。我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。Readtheabovesentencesagainandcompletethetable.单词意义功能1excitedexciting2tiredtiring感到激动的作表语令人激动的作定语感到累的作表语令人疲惫的作表语单词意义功能3satisfiedsatisfying4boredboring感到满意的作表语令人满意的作定语感到厌烦的作表语令人厌烦的作表语Rewritethesentences.Addinformationasnecessary.Whenpeopleaskedthemanwhatthetripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.Whenaskedwhatthetripmeanttohim,themansaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime.”1.ButchartGardenswastransformedfromaquarry.Itwasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.Transformedfromaquarry,ButchartGardenshasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.2.IfyoucompareQuebecCitywithothercitiesinCanada,itseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.ComparedwithothercitiesinCanada,QuebecCityseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.3.TheydidnotknowwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyang,sotheywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.NotknowingwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyang,theywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.4.WhentheyheardthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanada'smostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.HearingthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanada'smostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.Therehasbeenadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,__________(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperat