南方新课堂 金牌学案 英语 选择性必修第四册（配人教版）课件 UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTIONSection Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking

英语SectionⅠ

ReadingandThinking文章导语:科幻小说是一种起源于近代西方的文学体裁。其定义为在尊重科学结论的基础上进行合理设想的小说。儒勒·凡尔纳被誉为“科幻小说之父”,他的许多作品都非常成功,也一直是许多电影的主题。你喜欢科幻小说吗?你了解儒勒·凡尔纳吗?Sciencefictionhasprovedextremelydifficulttodefine1.Ithasbeenexplainedasacombinationofromance2,scienceandprediction,asatypeofliteraturebasedonanimaginedalternativetothereader’senvironmentandasaformoffantasticfiction.Ithasalsobeenarguedthatsciencefictiondescriptionsarethemostdevoted,sociallyrelevant,andresponsivetothemoderntechnologicalenvironment.Anyhow,sci-fi,asitiscommonlyshortened,isafictionalstoryinwhichscienceandtechnologyhaveasignificantinfluenceonthecharactersandplot.Manysuchworksareguessworkaboutwhatthefutureholdsandhowscientificfindingsandtechnologicaladvanceswillshapehumankind.Sciencefictionisapopularkindofwriting,andmanypeoplethinkofJulesVerneasthefatherofsciencefiction.HewasborninFrancein1828.Hisfatherwantedhimtobecomealawyer,butfromhisearly20sVernedecidedtobecomeawriter.Atfirsthewroteplaysforthetheatre.Then,in1863,hewroteastorycalledFive

Weeks

in

a

Balloon.ThesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestoriessuchasA

Journey

to

the

Center

of

the

Earth(1864)andFrom

the

Earth

to

the

Moon(1865).Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular.Verne’swritingincludedmanypredictionsforthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.Hedescribedspaceflight,movies,andairconditioning,alongtimebeforetheyappeared.ThesebookswereverysuccessfulandtheymadeVernerich.JulesVerne’sbookshavebeenthesubjectsformanymovies.20,000

Leagues

Under

the

Sea,whichusesrealactorsinsteadofcartoondrawings,wasagreatsuccessassoonasitwasreleased.Around

the

World

in

Eighty

DaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne’sbooks.词海拾贝1.define/dI̍faIn/vt.给……下定义;解释2.romance/rəʊ̍mæns/n.传奇故事;浪漫史美文凝萃1.WhatencouragedJulesVernetowritemorestories?A.Theplayshewroteforthetheatre.B.Theencouragementfromhisfather.C.ThesuccessofFive

Weeks

in

a

Balloon.D.Thescientificsubjectsinhisstories.2.Doyoulikesciencefiction?Whyorwhynot?答案:Theanswermaybevaried.C词汇认知重点单词1.

n.意外收获;奖金;红利

2.ridiculousadj.

3.

n.庄重;庄严;尊严

4.

n.薪水;薪金

5.absurdadj.

bonus

愚蠢的;荒谬的;荒唐的dignitysalary荒谬的;荒唐的6.

n.指甲;趾甲;钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢;固定

7.

n.女售货员;女推销员

8.laddern.

9.

vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除

10.whereasconj.

nailsaleswoman

梯子;阶梯dismiss然而;但是;尽管词汇拓展1.integrityn.诚实正直;完整;完好→

vt.&vi.(使)合并;融入群体→

adj.完整统一的;综合的→

n.整合;一体化;融合

2.appointmentn.预约;约会;委任→

vt.任命;委任;安排→

adj.指定的;约定的;任命的

integrateintegratedintegrationappointappointed3.guiltyadj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的→

n.内疚;有罪

4.suspendvt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓→

n.暂缓;延期

5.declarevt.表明;宣称;公布→

n.公告;宣告;声明(书)

guilt

suspensiondeclaration重点短语1.science

科幻小说(或影片等)

2.experiment

用……做实验

3.test

检验;测试

4.more

更像是;更接近

fictionwith

outlike5.

dignity有尊严地;体面地

6.

rather更确切地说

7.turn

转身

8.

all毕竟;终归

9.fall

掉下来

withoraround

after

off阅读自测Step1

FastReading一、快速浏览课文,将段落与其相关内容进行匹配Para.1:

A.TonypromisedtohelpClaire.

Para.2:

B.TonyexpressedhisdesiretoClaire.Para.3:

C.TonysuggestedthatClaireinviteGladysandherfriendstoherhome.Para.4:

D.AhouseholdrobotwouldbetestedoutbyClaire.Para.5:

E.ClairetoldTonyaboutherupset.Para.6:

F.Tonyworkedsteadilyontransformingthehouse.Para.7:

G.ClairefeltalarmedbecausetherobotcalledTonyseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.Para.8:

H.TonygaveClaireanewhairstyleandimprovedhermakeup.Para.9:

I.ClairefeltembarrassedbeinglookedafterbyTony.DGIEAHCFB二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案1.WhydidClairefeelalarmedatthefirstsightofTony?A.Becausehewasarobot.B.Becauseshedidn’tlikehim.C.Becausehewasmorelikeahumanthanamachine.D.Becauseheneverchangedhisfacialexpression.C2.HowdidClairefeelwhenTonyofferedtohelphergetdressed?A.Proud.

B.Happy.C.Guilty. D.Embarrassed.3.WhydidTonyworkonthehouseimprovement?A.BecauseClairewantedtoholdapartyinherhouse.B.BecauseClaireplannedtogiveLarryasurprise.C.BecauseClairethoughtitwasnotgoodenoughforLarry.D.BecauseClaireintendedtomakethebestofTony.DC4.WhatdidGladysClaffernthinkoftherelationshipbetweenClaireandTony?A.Friends. B.Lovers.C.Relatives. D.Colleagues.5.Thepassagemainlytellsus

.

A.arobotcandoeverythingthatmancanB.arobotcantaketheplaceofahumanbeingC.anexperimentwhereahouseholdrobotwastestedoutD.whyarobotfellinlovewithahumanbeingBC词汇精讲1.【教材原文】ItwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry'swife,Claire.(page2)它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔进行试用。考点testout检验;测试test

n.测验;试验;检验

vt.&

vi.测验;考查;化验vt.检验;试验take/do

a

test参加/做测验pass/fail

a

test通过/没有通过测验test

sb/sth

for

sth

对某人/某物做……检查(或化验、试验等)test...on...对……进行检验put

sb/sth

to

the

test

使某人/某物受考验;使某人/某物受检验语境领悟(1)Hisworkistotestoutnewdesignsofcarsbeforetheyareputonthemarket.他的工作是在新设计的汽车投入市场之前对它们进行检验。(2)Totesttheeffectofcultureoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedsomeexperiments.为了检验文化对饮食习惯的影响,研究人员进行了一些实验。(3)Bloodsamplesfromtheanimalsarebeingtestedforthepresenceofthevirus.动物的血样正在接受检测,看看其中是否存在这种病毒。(4)Histheorieshaveneverreallybeenputtothetest.他的理论从未真正经受过检验。学以致用单句语法填空(1)Thereisnodoubtthatthehigher-riskprofessionsandcommunitiesshouldbethefirst

(test).

(2)Workingintheresearchinstitutegavemeachancetotest

someofthelatestideasineconomics.

(3)Later,themedicinewastested

thepatients,mostofwhomrecovered.

(4)Thesoftwarehasbeentested

viruses.

tobetestedoutonfor2.【教材原文】Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.(page2)他看着不太像机器,而更像一个真人。考点morelike更像是;更接近something

like大约;有点像anything

like与……相像

(多用于疑问句或否定句中)nothing

like根本不像;完全不像语境领悟(1)TheChinesefanismorelikeanartworkthanatoolforcooling.中国扇子不像用来降温的工具,而更像一件艺术品。(2)Thisfruittastessomethinglikeaplumandsomethinglikeanapricot.这种水果尝起来有点像李子,又有点像杏。(3)Ihadneverimaginedanythinglikethat.我从未想象过那样的事。(4)Shelooksnothinglikehereldersister.她看起来一点也不像她姐姐。学以致用完成句子(1)她对我的态度不像一位母亲,而更像是一位朋友。Herattitudetowardsmeis___________________________thanamother.

(2)这次旅程大约需要两个星期。Thejourneywilltake

twoweeks.

morelikeafriendsomethinglike(3)他完全不像我的第一个老板。Heisn’t_______________myfirstboss.

(4)沈老师的教学方法与我初中老师的完全不同。MissShen’smethodofteachingis______________

thatoftheteachersatmyjuniorhighschool.

anythinglike

nothinglike3.【教材原文】Shehadanappointmenttopainthernails,thenshewentintoanexpensiveclothesshop.(page2)她按预约去美甲后,走进了一家高档时装店。考点appointmentn.预约;约会;委任keep

an

appointment

with

sb恪守与某人的约定make

an

appointment

for...

为……约定时间appoint

vt.任命;委任;安排appoint

sb

(as)...

任命某人为……appoint

sb

to

do

sth

委任某人做某事语境领悟(1)Shemadeanappointmentforhersontoseethedoctor.她为儿子预约了看医生的时间。(2)Theyappointedhim(as)captainoftheteam.他们任命他为这支队伍的队长。(3)Shehasrecentlybeenappointedtothecommittee.她最近被任命为委员会成员。(4)Everyonewasassembledattheappointedtime.全体人员均按规定时间召集到场。学以致用单句语法填空(1)I'dliketomakean

(appoint)withthedentistassoonaspossible.

(2)Ia’mverysorry

thatIwillnotbeabletokeepmyappointment

youonThursday.

(3)Youcanputthebooksinthe

(appoint)place,andotherparticipantscanhaveaccesstothem.

appointment

withappointed4.【教材原文】Afterall,sheknewClaire’shusband’snamewasLarry,notTony.(page2)毕竟她知道克莱尔丈夫的名字是拉里,而不是托尼。考点afterall毕竟;终归above

all

最重要的是;尤其是(not)

at

all

一点也(不);完全(不)in

all

总共;共计all

in

all

总的来说语境领悟(1)Don’tgetdiscouragedbysetbacks.Wearenewtotheworkafterall.别因挫折而灰心,毕竟我们对这项工作还不熟悉。(2)Tobehonest,IdoubtwhetherI’mmakinganydifferencetotheseboys’livesatall.说实话,我怀疑我是否对这些男孩的生活有所影响。(3)Thereweretwelveofusinallfordinner.我们一共有十二个人吃饭。(4)Allinall,itseemsthatgettingsunlightisofgreatbenefittoyou.总而言之,晒太阳似乎对你大有好处。学以致用选词填空(in

all/after

all/above

all/all

in

all)(1)Bobthoughthecouldn’tgotothepartybecausehewastoobusy,butpersuadedbyhisfriends,hewent

.

afterall(2)Iwouldliketorentahouse,modern,comfortable,and

inaquietneighbourhood.

(3)Therearemanybeautifulsentencesinyourarticleandyourhandwritingisgoodtoo.

,I'mquitesatisfiedwithit.

(4)Uptonow,wehavelearnt3,000Englishwords

.

aboveallAllinallinall5.【教材原文】Clairetriedtohelpbyworkingonalightsuspendedfromtheceiling,butshefellofftheladder.(page3)克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯,但从梯子上摔了下来。考点suspendvt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓suspend

sth

from...

把某物悬挂在……上suspend

sb

from

sth

使某人停职(或停学等)suspension

n.暂缓;延期suspense

n.(对即将发生的事等的)担心;焦虑;兴奋;悬念keep

sb

in

suspense

使某人的心悬着语境领悟(1)Alightwassuspendedfromtheceiling.一盏灯悬挂在天花板上。(2)Theseeventshaveledtothesuspensionoftalks.这些事件导致谈判延期。(3)Don’tkeepusinsuspense.Telluswhathappened!别让我们的心老悬着了,告诉我们发生了什么事!学以致用单句语法填空(1)Theathleteisappealingagainsthis

(suspend).(2)Asuccessfulwritercankeephisreaders

suspensethroughouthistales.

(3)Bobwassuspended

hisofficebecauseofmakingabigmistake.

suspensioninfrom6.【教材原文】Sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday,andthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.(page3)她听着他宣布说他次日并不想离开她,而且他心里的愿望不只是让她开心而已。考点declarevt.表明;宣称;公布declare

for/against

sb/sth

声明支持/反对某人/某物;表示赞成/不赞成某人/某物declare

sb/sth

to

be…宣布某人/某事为……declare

war

on

对……宣战declaration

n.公告;宣告;声明(书)语境领悟(1)Hedeclaredhisintentioninthespeech.他在讲话中表明了他的意图。(2)Thechairmandeclaredforsuspendingthedecisiontousethenewsystem.主席赞成暂停使用新系统的决定。(3)Thepaintingwasdeclaredtobeaforgery.这幅画被判定为赝品。(4)Hemadeadeclarationtothewholeclassthathewouldstudyhardertogetbettergradesinthecomingexamination.他向全班宣布,他将更努力地学习,争取在即将到来的考试中取得更好的成绩。declare多指官方权威人士在庄严场合公开郑重宣布,尤其是在公开场合对某事发表态度Thechairmandeclaredthemeetingclosed.主席宣布会议结束。announce多指通知公众或特定人群他们关心或感兴趣的事情,尤其是新闻之类的消息Everyonewassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition.当他宣布竞赛的获胜者时,大家都安静下来。学以致用选词填空(declare/announce)(1)Thecountry

independencefromSpain.

(2)They

thedateoftheirweddinginthenewspaper.

declaredannounced单句语法填空(3)Mostpeopledeclaredforpeaceand

war.

(4)Ihadtowritea

(declare)expressingmyregret.

againstdeclaration句型剖析1.【教材原文】Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.(page2)克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬,但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直,并且开始信任他。

句法分析“It+be+adj.+that从句”是固定句式,it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。it作形式主语的常用句式:(1)It+be+adj.+that从句;(2)It+be+过去分词(said,thought,hoped,believed,reported...)+that从句;(3)It+不及物动词(seem,occur,happen...)+that从句。语境领悟(1)Itisobviousthathehasanurgetotakeoverthecompany.显然他有强烈的欲望接管这家公司。(2)ItoccurredtothetwinsthattheycouldcookadeliciousMother’sDaybreakfastfortheirbelovedmother.这对双胞胎突然想起他们可以在母亲节为亲爱的妈妈做一顿美味的早餐。(3)ItishopedthattraditionalChinesecultureshouldbespreadtotheworld.人们希望把中国传统文化传播到世界各地。如果过去分词是suggested/advised/required/requested/ordered等表示建议、要求、命令的词时,从句应该用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的结构为(should+)动词原形。

学以致用完成句子(1)人们建议在居民区设立更多的流动商店。

moremobileshops(should)besetupintheresidentialarea.

(2)碰巧我救了一只浑身是蜘蛛网、无法逃脱的蜂鸟。

Isavedahummingbirdthatwascoveredinthespider’swebs,unabletoescape.

Itwasadvised/suggestedthat

Ithappenedthat2.【教材原文】Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.(page2)当她转过身来,却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。句法分析

该句是主从复合句。as引导的是时间状语从句,therestoodGladysClaffern是主句,主句是一个倒装句。当表示地点的here和there位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。句子的主语是GladysClaffern,谓语是stood,there作地点状语,正常语序应是GladysClaffernstoodthere。(1)当表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词,如now、then、up、down、in、away、out,置于句首,且主语是名词(短语),谓语动词是不及物动词时,句子需用完全倒装。此时,句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语是名词(短语)时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为:分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+be+主语。(3)有时为了表示强调,可将谓语部分的动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式或不定式置于句首,从而构成倒装。语境领悟(1)Outrushedthedogwhenithearditsmaster’svoice.当它听到主人的声音时,这条狗就冲了出去。(2)TherestandsanoldtemplewhichdatesbacktotheMingDynasty.那里矗立着一座可以追溯到明代的古寺。(3)Tobecarefullyconsideredarethefollowingquestions.下列问题要仔细考虑。如果主语是人称代词,那么句子就不用全部倒装,谓语动词仍然要跟在主语后面。如:

OutIrushedtofindwherethenoisecamefrom.

我冲出去找一找从哪里来的吵闹声。学以致用单句语法填空(1)Themomentthebellrang,out

(rush)thestudents.

(2)ThePublicSquareisaneye-catchingsightofthecity.There

(stand)manystonesculpturesoffamoushistoricalfigures.

rushedstand(3)Presentattheconferenceyesterday

(be)expertsfromallovertheworld.

(4)Buriedintheearth

(be)ajarwithlotsofancientcoinsinit.

werewas3.【教材原文】HesuggestedthatsheinviteGladysandherfriendstothehousethenightbeforehewastoleaveandLarrywastoreturn.(page3)他建议在他离开,也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上,她邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。句法分析一该句是主从复合句。句中的thatshe...toreturn是宾语从句。suggest表示“建议”接宾语从句时,从句使用虚拟语气,谓语用(should+)动词原形。常见的有以下两种结构:(1)suggest(that)sb(should)do...建议某人做……(2)Itissuggestedthat...(s