2026《金版教程》高考复习方案英语外研版-Unit 3 War and peace

一背记单词◎战争1．landingn.(军队的)登陆2．alliedadj.(第二次世界大战)同盟国的3．troopn.部队；军队4．code­namev.起代号为5．gunfiren.炮火6．tankn.坦克7．solemnadj.严肃的，庄重的8．bombv.轰炸9．peacekeepingn.维持和平(的行动)10．peacekeepern.维和人员11．frictionn.冲突，摩擦12．disarmv.解除武装13．combatantn.战斗人员14．weaponn.武器，兵器15．ammunitionn.弹药16．disruptv.扰乱◎活动17．drownv.(使)淹死18．recallv.回想，回忆起19．wearyv.(使)非常疲倦20．condemnv.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地21．fortifyv.激励，加强22．shirkv.逃避23．depictv.描述，描写24．commemoratev.庆祝，为……举行纪念活动25．anniversaryn.周年纪念日26．reaffirmv.重申，再次确定◎描述词27．supremeadj.最高的28．outstandingadj.杰出的，优秀的29．intellectualadj.智力的，脑力的30．roughadj.简单的；粗糙的31．direadj.极其严重的32．dauntingadj.吓人的，使人气馁的33．crowningadj.使圆满的，使完美的◎其他34．tiden.潮水35．parachuten.降落伞36．objectiven.目的，目标37．coastlinen.海岸线38．amongst(＝among)prep.在……当中39．uniformn.制服40．sardinen.沙丁鱼41．peern.同龄人；同辈42．breezen.微风43．blueprintn.蓝图44．sumn.金额，款项45．grnn.谷物，粮食二词形变化1．violentadj.狂暴的，凶暴的→violencen.暴力→violentlyadv.猛烈地，激烈地；极端地2．commandv.指挥；命令n.命令，指示；掌握，精通→commandern.指挥官，长官→commandingadj.指挥的；居高临下的；威风凛凛的3．horrorn.惊恐→horribleadj.恐怖的→horriblyadv.可怕地；非常4．bareadj.裸露的；光秃秃的→barelyadv.勉强才能5．liberatev.解放(城市、国家等)→liberationn.解放6．memoryn.记忆→memorizev.记住→memorialadj.纪念的，追悼的n.纪念物；纪念碑→memorableadj.值得纪念的；难忘的7．stableadj.稳定的→stabilityn.稳固，稳定→unstableadj.不稳定的8．professionn.专业；职业→professionaladj.专业的n.专业人员→professionalismn.专业水准；专业素质；职业精神9．academicadj.学术的→academicallyadv.学术地10．aggressv.攻击，侵略→aggressionn.侵略→aggressiveadj.好斗的；侵略的11．associatev.联系；联合→associatedadj.联合的→associationn.联系；协会，社团；联合12．emergev.出现→emergencen.出现→emergencyn.突发事件，紧急情况adj.紧急情况下的，应急的13．invadev.侵略；侵犯→invadern.侵略者，侵略军→invasionn.侵略14．mistn.薄雾；水汽→mistyadj.多雾的15．gloryn.辉煌的成就；荣耀的事→gloriousadj.光荣的，荣耀的16．prominentadj.著名的，杰出的→prominencen.突出，卓越17．dedicatev.把……奉献给→dedicationn.奉献→dedicatedadj.献身的，专心致志的18．representv.象征，代表→representativen.代表→representationn.代表；陈述；表现19．collectv.收集，采集；收藏；聚集→collectiveadj.集体的；共同的→collectivelyadv.共同地，全体地→collectionn.采集，聚集；征收；收藏品；募捐→collectorn.收藏家；收税员；征收者20．relevantadj.有关的，切题的→relevancen.相关性1．Itiswrongtoresistother'sviolentbehaviourwithviolence.(violent)2．Johnistherepresentativeofourcompany,andherepresentsusinallimportantbusinessmeetings.(represent)3．Thecommanderissuedacommandandcommandedthatallthesoldiersshouldgotothefrontline.(command)4．In1949,thewholeofChinawas__liberated.Afterliberation,__theChinesepeoplelivedasmastersoftheirowncountry.(liberate)5．Amemorialserviceisbeingheldforthesoldiersinmemoryoftheircontributionstotheindependenceofourcountry.(memory)6．Itisimportanttokeepthestabledevelopmentoftheeconomyandthestabilityofitcanensurethatallthepeoplesharethefruitsofdevelopment.(stable)7．Inwesterncountries,thenumberthirteenisassociatedwithbadluck,butactuallythereisn'tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)8．Sincegraduation,LiLeihas__dedicatedhimselftoimprovingtheeducationofthelocalpeople.Hisdedicationtohisworkmovesthevillagersdeeply.(dedicate)三熟词生义1.objective[熟义]n.目的，目标[生义]adj.客观的n.宾格2．memorial[熟义]adj.纪念的，追悼的[生义]n.纪念碑；纪念物；纪念馆3．weary[熟义]v.(使)非常疲倦[生义]adj.疲倦的；感到厌烦的4．relevant[熟义]adj.有关的，切题的[生义]adj.有价值的；有意义的；适宜的1．It'shardtogiveanobjectiveopinionaboutyourownchildren.对自己的孩子很难给出客观的评价。2．Hernovelisstillrelevanttoday.她的小说今天仍有意义。3．Shesuddenlyfeltoldandweary.她突然感到了衰老和疲倦。4．BuildingamemorialtoColumbushasbeenhislifelongdream.为哥伦布建一座纪念碑是他一生的梦想。小积累—wordfamiles1.趣味“合成词”荟萃①blueprintn.蓝图②peacekeepern.维和人员③daybreakn.破晓④breakthroughn.突破⑤gunfiren.炮火⑥coastlinen.海岸线2.on短语串联①on__standby待命②on__duty值班，上班③ontime准时④onfoot步行⑤onpurpose故意地⑥ondisplay展览3.由dis­开头的单词①disarmv.解除武装②discouragevt.使泄气，使灰心③disagreementn.分歧，争论；不相符④disappearv.消失⑤discomfortn.不舒适，不舒服vt.使……不舒服一词表短语/课文短语1．on__standby待命2．make__up组成；化妆；弥补；编造3．free__...__from使……摆脱/免于……4．have__confidence__in对……有信心5．nothing__less__than不亚于；不低于；简直；全然6．prepare__for为……做准备7．make__it获得成功；到达8．meet__up__with与……会面选用上面的短语填空1．Useyourlunchandcoffeebreakstomeet__up__withcolleaguesyoudon'talwayssee.2．Theemergencyserviceswereputon__standbyafterabombwarning.3．It'simportanttoprepare__foryourtripinadvanceandtotakeprecautionswhileyouaretravelling.4．Mydietis__made__upofmeat,fish,vegetables,fruits,water,andmilk.5．Ifyoudon'thave__confidence__inyourself­control,askyourparentsforhelp.二写作词块1．wt__for等待2．the__combination__of……的结合3．hold__down压住；抑制4．devotion__to__duty忠于职守5．in__the__depths__of__war在战争的深渊中6．destroy__the__morale__of__ordinary__people摧毁了普通人的士气7．refer__to__...__as__...把……称作……8．bring__suffering__and__immense__challenges带来痛苦和巨大的挑战9．shirk__one's__duty逃避某人的责任10．a__sense__of__commitment忠诚感11．light__up照亮；呈现高兴的情绪12．defend__the__honour__of__the__nation捍卫国家的荣誉1．(教材P34)这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。(独立主格结构)Code­named__“Operation__Overlord”，__it__was__the__largest__combined__sea,__r__and__land__operation__in__history,__the__m__being__to__free__north­west__Europe__from__German__occupation.2．(教材P35)船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陆的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。(while表示对比)Boats__were__hit__and__men__drowned,__while__those__who__did__make__it__to__the__beach__faced__heavy__machine__gunfire.3．(教材P35)第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的。(动词不定式(短语)作后置定语)The__seventh__man__was__the__next__one__to__get__across__the__beach__without__being__hit.自主检测一、重点单词1．liberatev.解放(城市、国家等)2．relevantadj.有关的，切题的3．representv.象征，代表→representativen.代表→representationn.代表；陈述；表现4．memoryn.记忆→memorizev.记住→memorialadj.纪念的，追悼的n.纪念物；纪念碑→memorableadj.值得纪念的；难忘的5．emergev.出现→emergencen.出现→emergencyn.突发事件，紧急情况adj.紧急情况下的，应急的6．violentadj.狂暴的，凶暴的→violencen.暴力→violentlyadv.猛烈地，激烈地；极端地7．commandv.指挥；命令n.命令，指示；掌握，精通→commandern.指挥官，长官→commandingadj.指挥的；居高临下的；威风凛凛的8．associatev.联系；联合→associatedadj.联合的→associationn.联系；协会，社团；联合9．collectv.收集，采集；收藏；聚集→collectiveadj.集体的；共同的→collectivelyadv.共同地，全体地→collectionn.采集，聚集；征收；收藏品；募捐→collectorn.收藏家；收税员；征收者10．professionn.专业；职业→professionaladj.专业的n.专业人员→professionalismn.专业水准；专业素质；职业精神拔高词汇—高分必备1.refresh/rI'freʃ/v.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新2．vague/veIɡ/adj.模糊的3．facilitate/fə'sIlIteIt/vt.促进；促使；使便利4．frame/freIm/n.构架；框架vt.镶框5.obstruction/əb'strʌkʃn/n.阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物6．slap/slæp/v.&n.(用手)打、拍；拍击7．oblige/ə'bldʒ/v.迫使，强迫8．sprn/spreIn/vt.扭伤(关节)n.扭伤二、重点语块Beforethebigpresentation,everyonewason__standby(待命),ensuringtheywerereadyatamoment'snotice.Ihad__confidence__in(对……有信心)myteam'sabilitiesandknewwehad__prepared__for(为……做准备)everypossiblescenario.Aswemade__it(到达)totheconferenceroomontime,wewerealleagertomeet__up__with(与……会面)ourclientsandshowthemwhatwehadaccomplished.Thehardworkhadpdoff,andwewerereadytoshine.三、重点句式1．天气很好，我们都出去玩了。(独立主格结构)The__weather__being__good,__weallwentouttoplay.2．这次展览是欣赏她作品的一次难得的机会。(动词不定式(短语)作后置定语)Theexhibitionisarareopportunityto__see__her__works．四、写作佳句1．【教材P35】我对你们的勇气、责任心和作战能力十分有信心。我们将迎接的只会是彻底的胜利！I__have__full__confidence__in__your__courage,__devotion__to__duty__and__skill__in__battle.__We__will__accept__nothing__less__than__full__Victory!2．【教材P42】真正的战争从来不是浪漫的，因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。Real__war__is__never__romantic__as__it__brings__suffering__and__immense__challenges.3．【教材P43】在献身精神的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉。Driven__by__a__sense__of__commitment,__a__great__many__joined__the__army__to__resist__the__Japanese__invaders__and__defend__the__honour__of__the__nation.4．【教材P44】但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣耀，这不仅仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生，也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。But__it__has__become__the__crowning__glory__of__China's__modern__universities,__not__only__because__of__its__prominent__professors__and__talented__students,__but__also__because__of__the__school's__strong__spirit__of__perseverance__and__dedication.硬核考点考点1commandern.指挥官，长官atone'scommand听从某人的吩咐；在某人的吩咐下takecommandof控制……；担任……的指挥haveagoodcommandof掌握；精通(尤指语言)commandsbtodosth命令某人做某事commandthat...(should)do...命令……做……1.Thecommander(command)ofthearmyledthetroopstovictory.2．使我们怒不可遏的是班长总是命令我们做我们不喜欢做的事。Whatmakesusboilwithangeristhatourmonitoralwayscommands__us__to__do__what__we__dislike.(动词不定式)＝Whatmakesusboilwithangeristhatourmonitoralwayscommands__that__we__(should)__do__what__we__dislike.(宾语从句)3．首先，我的英语很好，能流利准确地说英语，这使我很容易与他人交流。(写作佳句)Firstofall,Ihave__a__good__command__of__EnglishandcanspeakEnglishfluentlyandaccurately,whichmakesiteasyformetocommunicatewithothers.考点2condemnv.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地；判处(某人某种刑罚)；谴责，指责becondemnedtosth被处以某种刑罚；被迫接受困境becondemnedtodosth被迫接受做某事condemnsbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而谴责某人condemn...as...指责……为……1.Sheknewthatsocietywouldcondemnherforleavingherchildren.2．Theywerecondemnedtoalifetimeofboring,usuallypoorly­pdwork.3．Thelawhasbeencondemnedasanattackonpersonalliberty.4．他无可奈何，只能在这个足球赛季剩下的时间里作替补队员。Hewas__condemned__to__spendtherestofthefootballseasononthebench.考点3representativen.代表；典型人物adj.典型的；有代表性的arepresentativeof＝berepresentativeof……的代表；代表着……represent...as/tobe...把……描绘成……；宣称……为……1．Heisrepresentativeofalargesteelcompany.2．Therepresentative(represent)fromNewZealandspokeatthePacificIslandsForum.3．这个事例典型地反映了警方的态度。Thiscaseisa__representative__of__the__attitude__of__the__police．4．我写信是想推荐张朗作为我们的英语课代表。(写作佳句)I'm__writing__to__recommend__Zhang__Lang__as__our__English__class__representative.考点4collectiveadj.集体的；共同的collectsth(fromsb/sth)(从某人/物那里)收集某物collectsb/sth(from...)(从……)领走/接走某人/物collectoneself/one'sthoughts(尽力)镇定下来，敛神专注；做好精神准备collectsthup把某物收起来1.(2024·浙江高考1月)Anypasser­bycan“borrow”abookfromitsshelves,returnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection(collect).2．(2023·北京高考)Ifoundmyselfworkingwitharoboticsprofessorontechniquesforcollectingdatafromthedesertremotely.3．Toaccomplishhisownend,heplacedcollective(collect)interestsinthebackofhismind.4．她到学校接她儿子去了。She'sgonetocollect__her__son__from__school．【北师版选择性必修第四册写作佳句】Oneoftheirmen,speakinginEnglish,sdthathehadworkedinEnglandforsomeyearsandthathewasfeduptotheneckwiththiswarandwouldbegladwhenitwasover.他们中的一个人用英语说，他在英国工作过几年，受够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高兴。考点5sumn.金额，款项；总数，全部v.概括，总结alargesumof一大笔……insum总之，简而言之sumup总结，概述；计算……的总数tosumup总之，简而言之1.Manypeoplespokeatthemeeting,andfinallythechrmansummedupthediscussion.2．Heowesmealargesumofmoney.3．总之，你会发现以上建议对你的汉语学习有益。(写作佳句)To__sum__up/In__sum,__youwillfindtheabovesuggestionsbeneficialtoyourChineselearning.考点6relevantadj.有关的，切题的berelevantto...和……有关haverelevanceto...与……有关1.Herefusedtocommentbeforehehadseenalltherelevant(relevance)information.2．Whatrelevancedoesthatpointhavetothediscussion?3．Theincreaseisparticularlyrelevanttoitemsrelatedtomanufacturing.4．我有与这个职位相关的工作经验。(写作佳句)Ihavetheworkexperiencethatis__relevant__tothisposition.(relevant)＝Ihavetheworkexperiencethathas__relevance__tothisposition.(relevance)考点7holddown压(制)住；限制；保住(工作)holdup举起；阻碍；支撑holdon坚持；别挂电话holdback隐瞒；阻止；抑制holdout伸出(手等)；坚持holdonto坚守，保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住1.Sheclosedhereyestightlyinavnattempttoholdbackthetears.2．Anysmallinterruption—apricecheck,achattycustomer—canhavedownstreameffects,holdingupanentireline.3．HoldonaminutewhileIgetmybreathback.4．Thegovernmenthasdonesomethingtoholddownfoodprices.5．目前我不能出让那所房子，因为此刻房价正在急剧上涨。I'dhold__on__to__that__houseforthetimebeingbecausehousepricesarerisingsharplyatthemoment.考点8不定式(短语)作后置定语当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或其前有thenext,theonly,thelast等时，常用不定式(短语)作后置定语。不定式(短语)作后置定语还用来修饰抽象名词，常见的有：ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,reply,attempt,belief等。1.(2024·全国甲卷)Shedidnothaveachanceto__go(go)toschool.2．Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworkto__be__held(hold)inoverfortyyears.3．这种不管障碍和挫折的锲而不舍的能力是人们最为钦佩的品质。(写作佳句)Thisabilityto__persevere__despite__obstacles__and__setbacksisthequalitypeoplemostadmire.【人教版必修第二册写作佳句】ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,asitisanancientportcitythathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.以首都伦敦为第一站，是个不错的选择。伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。强化训练一、单句语法填空1．Wecondemnedhimforhisbadconduct.2．Ithoughtshewasarepresentative(represent)ofpeoplewithstrongdetermination.3．Geraldwasconvincedthatnothingthathadhappenedinthepastwasrelevanttohislife.4．Herambitionto__lead(lead)thecompanytonewheightsmotivatedhertotakeonchallengingprojects.5．Thesemeasuresaremedatpreventingviolent(violence)crime.6．Youmightendupbeingselectedchrmanoftheassociation(associate)ifyouplayyourcardsright.7．Theyhadfacedonedifficultyafteranotherwithbraveryanddedication(dedicate)．8．Theyareimportantindividuals,sotheyeachare(be)worthyourconsiderationandcare.9．Insum,Irecommendthatweadoptamoreproactiveapproachtosolvingthisproblem.10．Myfatherwantedmetobecomeaprofessionalandhavemorestability(stable)．二、熟词生义1．(2024·北京高考)Whileheheldthenotionthatobjectiverealityexists,hesdourmindplaysanecessaryroleinstructuringandshapingourperceptions.客观的2．Afterlisteningtothesamesongoverandover,I'mwearyofit.感到厌烦的3．Thisreportprovidesrelevantinformationthatwillhelpusmakeaninformeddecision.有价值的4．Thewarmemorialstandsuprightinthesquare,remindingpeopleofthesacrificesmadebysoldiers.纪念碑三、构词法词缀含义例词­ity表示性质、状态或程度等stability,__equality,reality,electricity,security,sustnability,personality,similarity写出下列黑体词的含义1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)BMFemployeesliveoutsustnabilityintheireverydaylives.可持续性2．Gettingqualitysleepeverynightdirectlyaffectsyourhappinessandemotionalstabilityduringtheday.稳定性3．Culturalequalitymeansrespectingandvaluingthediversityofculturesinoursociety.平等4．Nomatterwhichrouteyouchoose,youshouldpayattentiontoyoursecurity.安全5．Despitetheirgeographicaldistance,thetwocountriessharemanyculturalsimilarities.相似点6．TheChinesepeoplehaddreamedofflyingtothemoonformorethan1，000yearsandnowithasbecomeareality.现实四、补全句子1．他试图学好英语。Hemadeanattemptto__learn__English__well．2．研究人员从他们的研究参与者那里收集数据。Researcherscollect__data__from__participantsintheirstudies.3．东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。There'splentyofrninthesoutheast,while__there's__little__in__the__northwest．4．一旦你掌握了英语，你在找工作的时候就会比别人有优势。Once__you__have__a__good__command__of__English,__youwillhaveanadvantageoverotherswhenyouhuntforajob.5．他对工作一丝不苟，所以老板很信任他。Heisveryconscientiousindoinghiswork,sohisbosshas__confidence__in__him．6．有很多工作要完成，我们昨天晚上都熬夜到很晚。A__lot__of__work__to__finish,__weallstayeduplatelastnight.五、长难句分析(2024·全国甲卷)Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbrntotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.句意：实际上，你的大脑需要几分钟的时间来告诉你的身体它已经吃饱了，所以慢慢吃，在你感觉饱之前停止进食。分析：第一个It为形式主语，totellyourbody...enoughfood为真正的主语，其中的that引导宾语从句；before引导时间状语从句。读写用—素养提升一、深化阅读——明晰考向以阅读养阅读(2022·全国乙卷)Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustn(保持)long­distancefriendships.•SetaregulardateLong­lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(联系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.__36__．•Moreisn'talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.__37__.Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.•Practiseempathy(共情)__38__.Thefriendwhoisremningneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.•__39__Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong­distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday­to­daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends'birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.•Don'trelyontechnologyalone__40__，butlong­distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustn.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface­to­facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A．RememberimportantdatesB．CompensatebywritinglettersC．ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD．TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE．FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF．ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG．Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了维系异地友谊的五种方法。36．答案：D解析：根据上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.(平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。)”可知，D项(尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去)承接上文，给出了解决方法。故选D。37．答案：E解析：上文“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriend...worksbestforyouboth.”提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，下文“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication...havingagroupchat.”提到除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊；E项(朋友需要谈论他们更喜欢的交流方式)承上启下，上文中的“communicated”和下文中的“communication”与E项中的communication为原词复现。故选E。38．答案：G解析：下文“Thefriendwhoisremning”和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项(你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方)呼应下文。故选G。39．答案：A解析：设空处是本段小标题。根据下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong­distancefriendships.(周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言甚至更重要。)”可知，A项(记得重要的日子)总结本段内容。故选A。40．答案：F解析：设空处下文提到但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。F项(朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感)与下文构成转折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼应了本段的小标题中的“technology”。故选F。词汇关系法1．词汇复现：原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。2．代词衔接：代词指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题，如：it,they,this,these等。二、读后续写——必备微技能高品素材季节描写1．thecoolbreeze凉爽的微风2.thecrispautumnnight凉爽的秋夜3．acanvasofvibrantlife一幅生机勃勃的画卷4.thebranchesladenwithfruits结满果实的枝头5．wakeupfromthewinterslumber从冬眠中醒来6.besurroundedbyaseaofflowers被一片花海包围7．thegradualreturnofcolortotheworld世界逐渐恢复色彩8．inthequietudeofspringmornings在春日清晨的宁静中9．aseasonofgrowthandrenewal一个生长和新生的季节10．thesunbeatsdownrelentlessly烈日无情地炙烤着大地11．ashadefromthescorchingsun烈日下的阴凉12.thelazydaysofsummer夏日的慵懒时光13．theleisurelyspringafternoons悠闲的春日午后14.asymphonyofsummer夏日交响曲15．wanderthroughthelushgreenery漫步在郁郁葱葱的绿意中16．thescentofapplesripeningonthetrees苹果树上果实成熟的香气17．fallingleavesdancedowninthecoolautumnr落叶在凉爽的秋风中飞舞18．thebareskeletonsofthetrees光秃秃的树干19.inthefrigidr在寒冷的空气中20．withstandtheharshnessofwinter经受严冬高效课时作业Ⅰ.阅读A(2025·湖南省邵东市创新高级中学高三月考)TheBarbaraMandigoKellyPeacePoetryAwardsTheawardscontest(奖赛)istoencouragepeopletoexplorepeaceandthehumanspirit.Therearethreeagecategories(类型):Adult(19&over),Youth(13－18),andYouth(12&under).Theyearlycontestisopentopeopleworldwide.Yourpoemsmustbeunpublished(未发表的),andinEnglish.DeadlineAllentries(参赛作品)mustbesubmitted(提交)byJuly1.EntryFeeAdults—$15Youth(13－18)—$5Youth(12&under)—nofeeNotes1．Youmaysubmituptothreeunpublishedpoems.Atmost30linesperpoem.2．Includename,address,eml,telephonenumber,andageintheupperright­handcornerofeachpoem.FortheYouth(12&under)category,pleasealsoincludeyourschool'snameandyourteacher'sname.3．Titleeachpoem.4．Pleasekeepcopiesofallentriesaswewillbeunabletoreturn.5．Emlyourentriesto:cwarner@andClick__heretopayourentryfeeonline;orsendyourentriesandentryfeetoNuclearAgePeaceFoundation,1622AnacapaStreet,SantaBarbara,CA93101.AwardsAdultWinner—$1，000Youth(13－18)Winner—$200Youth(12&under)Winner—$200WinnerswillbeannouncedbyOctober1onourwebsite.Winnerswillbenotifiedbyemland/orml.Pastyears'winningpoemscanbefoundhere.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了芭芭拉·曼迪戈·凯利和平诗歌奖的参赛要求和奖项设置。1．Whatcanwelearnaboutthecontest?A．Itincludestwocategories.B．Itisheldeverythreeyears.C．ItonlyacceptspoemsinEnglish.D．Itisopentopeopleaged12andover.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Yourpoemsmustbeunpublished(未发表的),andinEnglish.(你的诗必须是英文的，且未发表过。)”可知，这次比赛只接受未发表的英文诗歌。故选C。2．Toenterthecontest,a12­year­oldboymust________．A．payanentryfeeof$5B．writeapoemofatleast30linesC．submithisentrybyOctober1D．includehisteacher'snameinhisentry答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据Notes部分第2点第二句“FortheYouth(12&under)category,pleasealsoincludeyourschool'snameandyourteacher'sname.(对于青少年(12岁及以下)类别，请同时填写学校名称和教师姓名。)”可知，12岁的男孩参加比赛，其作品必须包括他的老师的名字。故选D。3．Whatwillanadultwinnerget?A．$200inprizemoney.B．$1，000inprizemoney.C．Acollectionofthisyear'swinningpoems.D．Acollectionofpastyear'swinningpoems.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据Awards部分中的“AdultWinner—$1，000”可知，成年获奖者将会获得1，000美元的奖励。故选B。B(2025·山东省新高考适应性考试高三月考)TheNorwegianNobelCommitteehasawardedthe2024NobelPeacePrizetoNihonHidankyo,agrassrootsmovementformedbyatomicbomb(原子弹)survivorsfromHiroshimaandNagasaki,alsoknownasHibakusha.Thisorganizationhasbeendedicatedtoadvocatingforaworldfreeofnuclearweapons,emphasizingthroughfirst­handtestimonies(见证)thatnuclearweaponsshouldneverbeusedagn.TheatomicbombingsofAugust1945sparkedaglobalmovementtorseawarenessofthedevastatinghumanitarianimpactofnuclearweapons.Overtime,thiseffortledtothecreationofastronginternationalnormthatstigmatizes(污名化)theuseofnuclearweapons,widelyreferredtoasthe“NuclearTaboo”.Thistabooreflectstheglobalconsensusthattheuseofsuchdestructiveweaponsismorallyunacceptable.ThetestimoniesofHibakushahaveplayedacriticalroleinshapingthismovement.Throughsharingtheirexperiences,theyhaveengagedineducationalcampgnsandwarningsthathavehelpedtheworldunderstandtheimmensesufferingcausedbynuclearweapons.Thishascontributedtothegrowingglobaloppositiontonuclearweapons.However,despitethefactthatnuclearweaponshavenotbeenusedinwarfornearly80years,thenucleartabooiscurrentlyunderpressure.Nuclearpowersaremodernizingtheirarsenals(核武库),andnewnationsareseekingtoacquirenuclearweapons.Thethreatofnuclearweaponuseinconflictsisre­emerging,remindingusoftheunparalleleddestructivenessoftheseweaponsandtheirpotentialtodestroycivilizationsandcausecatastrophicdamagetotheglobalclimate.In1956,thesurvivorsofHiroshimaandNagasakicametogethertoformNihonHidankyo,whichbecameJapan'slargestandmostinfluentialHibakushaorganization.Theyhavetirelesslycampgnedforpeaceandnucleardisarmament(裁军),includingwitnessaccounts,publicappeals,andannualdelegationstotheUnitedNations.AlthoughtheHibakushacannotalwayssharetheirexperiencesinperson,theirmessageisbeingcarriedforwardbyyoungergenerationsinJapan,continuingtheefforttoupholdthenucleartabooandensureapeacefulfutureforhumanity.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本原子弹受害者团体协会获得2024年诺贝尔和平奖及这个组织的目的。4．WhatistheNobelPrizeCommittee'sviewonnuclearweapons?A．Ambivalent. B．Neutral.C．Condemnatory. D．Indifferent.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，挪威诺贝尔委员会将2024年诺贝尔和平奖授予日本原子弹氢弹受害者团体协会，该组织一直致力于倡导一个无核武器的世界，通过受害者的第一手证词强调核武器永远不应再被使用。由此可推知，诺贝尔委员会支持不再使用核武器，对核武器是表示谴责的。故选C。5．Whydidtheglobalmovementagnstnuclearweaponsbegin?A．Tosupportatomicbombsurvivors.B．Toestablishaninternationalbanonnucleartests.C．Toencouragethemodernizationofnucleararsenals.D．Tohighlightthehumanitarianimpactofnuclearweapons.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Theatomicbombings...ofnuclearweapons.(1945年8月的原子弹爆炸引发了一场全球运动，以提高人们对核武器毁灭性人道主义影响的认识。)”可知，开始全球反对核武器运动是为了强调核武器的人道主义影响。故选D。6．WhatroledoHibakushatestimoniesplayinthemovementagnstnuclearweapons?A．Theyfocusonadvancingnucleartechnology.B．Theyofferpersonalperspectivesonthehorrorsofnuclearwar.C．Theyprovidefinancialdtoatomicbombsurvivors.D．Theycreatelegalframeworksfornucleardisarmament.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Thetestimoniesof...bynuclearweapons.(核爆幸存者的证词在塑造这场运动中发挥了关键作用。通过分享他们的经历，他们参与了教育活动和警告行动，帮助世界了解核武器造成的巨大痛苦。)”可推知，在反对核武器运动中，核爆幸存者的证词对核战争的恐怖提供了个人观点。故选B。7．Whatisthemnpurposeofthisarticle?A．Tohighlighttheimportanceofnuclearsurvivorsinadvocatingfordisarmamentandpeace.B．Toexplorethethreatposedbythemodernizationofnuclearweaponstoglobalpeace.C．TodescribethehistoryandmembersofJapan'shibakushaorganizations.D．Todiscussthecontributionsofyoungergenerationsinmntningthenucleartaboo.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“AlthoughtheHibakusha...apeacefulfutureforhumanity.(虽然核爆幸存者不能总是亲自分享他们的经历，但他们的证言正在被日本的年轻一代传承，继续努力维护核禁忌，确保人类拥有一个和平的未来。)”可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是强调核爆幸存者在倡导裁减核武器军备与维护和平方面的重要性。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五(2025·重庆巴蜀中学高考适应性月考)Everyoneknowsthatittakes21daystodevelopanewhabit.Weprobablyowethisparticularexampleofpop­psychologywisdomtoMaxwellMaltz,theplasticsurgeonwhoclmedtohaveobservedthatindividualswhohadhadanarmorlegcutofftookanaverageofonly21daystoadjusttothelossofalimb(肢体).__1__.Andthereforeitmusttake21daystochangeahabit,maybe,perhaps!__2__，asanewstudybypsychologistPhillippaLallyand