2025北京二中高一（上）段考三英语试题及答案

试题2025北京二中高一（上）三学段段考英语英语必修Ⅱ第Ⅰ卷第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）第一节语音知识（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）请选出下列各组单词中下划线部分的发音与其他单词不相同的一个单词。1.A.creative B.investigate C.donate D.entrance2.A.harmony B.software C.confidence D.province3.A.electricity B.quality C.forgive D.authority4.A.button B.measure C.conduct D.function5.A.semester B.petrol C.credit D.request6.A.proposal B.tongue C.process D.outgoing7.A.length B.threat C.theft D.breathe8.A.searched B.pressed C.clicked D.preserved9.A.contacts B.pants C.packages D.flats10.A.hear B.near C.bear D.clear第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenSusanwasahighschoolsenior,herEnglishteacherMr.DiMeogavetheclassachallengingtask:Reciteapoeminfrontofthewholeclass.“Ihadamildstutter(结巴).I’dbe____11____togetawordoutthatmightbeginwith‘D’or‘TH’,orImightsay‘the’threetimes,”Susansaid.Thethoughtofgettingupinfrontofherclassmatesandstutteringthroughthepoemwastoomuchto____12____.Susanwenthomeand____13____howscaredshewastohermom,whoagreedtowriteanoteaskingforhertobe____14____fromdoingthetaskinfrontofthewholeclass.Whenthedayoftherecitationcame,Susanrecitedthepoemone-on-onetoMr.DiMeo.____15____shewasdone,Mr.DiMeosaidsomethingshe’dneverheardbefore:thathelikedlisteningtohervoice.Forthefirsttime,sheconsideredthepossibilitythatpublicspeakingdidn’thavetobeasourceof____16____.Susanwentontograduatefromhighschoolandgotocollege.ShenevergottoproperlythankMr.DiMeo.Butsometimeaftercollege,she____17____ajobasacorporatetrainer.Thenewpositionmadeherrealizehowbiga(n)____18____hehadhadonherconfidence.“Istandupinfrontofpeopleandspeak,andIdoitallthetime.IfIdostutteronceinawhile,nobigdeal,”shesaid.Susanrecentlyfoundawayto____19____herformerteacher,andplansonsendinghimaletterexpressingherappreciation.Inhermind,Mr.DiMeoisanunsunghero,becausehe’sabigreasonwhyshehasasuccessfulcareerandlife.“Idon’tknowwhereIwould’vegoneifIfeltlikeIhadtokeepmyvoice____20____becauseIwasafraidofembarrassingmyself.I’dliketothankhimforthatkindness.”11.A.continuing B.struggling C.pretending D.hoping12.A.share B.express C.find D.bear13.A.taught B.proved C.revealed D.promised14.A.excused B.prohibited C.corrected D.discouraged15.A.While B.Although C.Unless D.Once16.A.jealousy B.worry C.boredom D.loneliness17.A.wanted B.offered C.landed D.created18.A.impact B.idea C.choice D.stress19.A.judge B.contact C.study D.interview20.A.sweet B.loud C.quiet D.deep第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)CenterIfyou’relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatthey’restudyingintheclassroom.Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(荣誉徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模拟)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(驾驶舱)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwater-andland-survivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof＂downed＂pilot.Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineat.21.WhydopeoplecometoSAC?A.Toexperienceadventures.B.Tolookforjobsinaviation.C.Togetadegreeinengineering.D.Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.22.ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto.A.flytospaceB.getanAviationbadgefirstC.studytheprinciplesofflightD.buildandfiremodelrockets23.Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?A.Leadership. B.Teamspirit.C.Taskplanning. D.Survivalskills.BLocalbarber(理发师)goesaboveandbeyondforalittleboy“Thatdaystartedallwrong,”LaQuistaErinnasaid.“Andweforgothisheadphones.Wewererunninglate,trafficwashorrible,soIknewitwasgoingtobedifficultthatday.”WhenErinnaandhersonfinallyarrivedattheirappointment,itseemedliketherewasnoway6-year-oldJackson,aboywithautism(自闭症),wouldbegettinghishaircut.“Hejustimmediatelygotanxious,”Erinnaexplained.“UsuallyIhavetodosomecoachingtogethiminthechair.Hewillputonhisheadphones,andwepowerthrough.”ErinnasaidJacksonisatypicallittleboywholovestoplayandlovesart.Butsometaskscanbesensoryoverload,andhaircutsareoneofthem.ThestresswassointenseformomandsonthatalmosttwoyearswentbybeforeJacksongotanotherhaircut.Butthistime,hewasinthehandsofRee,thebarber,andthingsweregettingeasier.ReenoticedhisSuperMarioBrosshirtandtoldhimthatheneededtosaveMariobymakingsurenohairgotonhim.Shecuthishairwhilehemovedandranaroundtheshop.Shetalkedtohimthroughouttheentireprocess,encouraginghimandremindinghimaboutprotectingMariotokeephimengaged.“Itjusttouchedmesomuch,”Erinnasaid.“Shenurturedthatrelationship.Shegainedhistrust.”“IfeelgoodIcangoaboveandbeyondforachild,”Reesaid.“Iknowchildrenwanttobefree.TheywanttoexpressthemselvessoItrytofindadifferentstrategytomakethemfeelcomfortable.”Jackson’ssmiletoldtherestofthestory.Erinnawasverymovedbyherson’shaircut.Shesharedavideoonline,whichhasgottenmillionsofviews.Giventhehugeresponse,ErinnaalsosetupaspecialGoFundMetosupportReetomakesureshe’sabletocontinuetoworkandreplaceanylostincomefromtheimpactofthepandemic(流行病).24.WhatusuallyhelpedtocalmJacksonduringhaircuts?A.Hismotherstrust. B.Hisartbooks.C.Hisbarber’sencouragement. D.Hisheadphones.25.ToexpressthankstoRee,Erinna________.A.raisedmoneytosupporther B.advertisedherskillsC.gothaircutsathershopregularly D.postedphotosofJackson’shaircutonline26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeRee?A.Kindandhonest. B.Caringandgenerous.C.Patientandcreative. D.Confidentandfriendly.CMostgroupsofplantsandanimalsarericherinspeciesandmoreplentifulneartheequator.Intheocean,thatholdstrueforcold-bloodedpredators(掠食者).Butwarm-bloodedpredatorsaremorediversetowardthepolesandnoticeablymissingfromseveralwarmhotspots.Why?JohnGrady,anecologist,andhisteamconsideredthepossibility—warm-bloodedanimalsneedalottofueltheirmetabolism(新陈代谢).Perhapscolderwatersarejustricherinsmallfish?Buttheyfoundthatathigher,colderplaces,thereisn’tactuallymuchmorefoodaround.It’smorethatwarm-bloodedanimalsareeatingamuchbiggershareofitthantheircold-bloodedcompetitors.Therealexplanationissimple.Ananimal’sspeed,swiftness,andintelligencedependonitsmetabolism,whichinturndependsonitstemperature.Sincebirdsandmammalscankeepheatingtheirbodiesinicyconditions,theyremainfastandattentive.Bycontrast,thefishtheyhuntbecomeslowerandduller.Atsometippingpointoftemperature,seals,dolphins,andpenguinsstartoutswimmingtheirprey(猎物).Theybecomemorelikelytocomeupontargetsandoutpacethecold-bloodedpredatorsoftheirown.InGrady’swords,“Warm-bodiedpredatorsarefavouredwherepreysareslow,stupidandcold.”That’swhysharksandotherpredatoryfishdominateneartheequator,butcolderwatersarethekingdomofwhalesandseals.Bykeepingfoodtothemselvesinthepoles,thesecreaturescanthenspecializeonspecifictypesofprey,whichmakesthemmorelikelytosplitintoseparatespecies.ThekillerwhalesoftheNorthPacific,forexample,includemammal-eatingtransientsandfish-eating,year-roundresidents.Buttheworldischanging.It’slikelythatthesurfaceoftheoceanswillwarmby2to3℃withinthiscentury.Grady’steamestimatesthateverytimetheocean’ssurfacewarmsby1℃,populationsofseamammalswillfallby12%,andpopulationsofsealsandsealionswillfallby24%.But“predictionsarehard,”DonnaHauserfromtheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanksnotes.“Polarbearsarelosersofawarmingworld,butsomepopulationsarestilldoingwell.Somegroupsofwhaleshavechangedthetimingoftheirmigrations;othersarehuntingindeeper,colderwaters.Thesechangesmightmakeseamammalsmoreadaptabletochangingclimates.Maybetheyjustneedtofindtheplaceswherefishremainslow,stupidandcold.”27.Whyaretheremoretypesofwarm-bloodedpredatorsnearthepoles?A.Becausethereismorefood.B.Becausetherearefewerenemies.C.Becausetheyarefasterandwiser.D.Becausetheyconsumelessenergy.28.Theauthormentionsthekillerwhalestoshow______.A.thebenefitofbiologicalevolutionB.foodpreferenceofdifferentseamammalsC.thedistinctionofspecifictypesofpredatorsD.theadvantageofconstantbodytemperature29.WhatisDonnaHauser’sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheseamammals?A.Positive. B.Negative.C.Neutral. D.Sceptical.30.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ArethePolesHeavenforSeaPredators?B.HowDoSeaMammalsTrackTheirPrey?C.WhyDotheWarm-BloodedLikeFoodCold?D.IstheWorldTooHotfortheWarm-Blooded?DAlbertEinstein’s1915masterpiece“TheFoundationoftheGeneralTheoryofRelativity”isthefirstandstillthebestintroductiontothesubject,andIrecommenditassuchtostudents.Butitprobablywouldn’tbepublishableinascientificjournaltoday.Whynot?Afterall,itwouldpasswithflyingcoloursthetestsofcorrectnessandsignificance.Andwhilepopularbeliefholdsthatthepaperwasincomprehensibletoitsfirstreaders,infactmanypapersintheoreticalphysicsaremuchmoredifficult.AsthephysicistRichardFeynmanwrote,“Therewasatimewhenthenewspaperssaidthatonly12menunderstoodthetheoryofrelativity.Idobelievetheremighthavebeenatimewhenonlyonemandid,becausehewastheonlyguywhocaughton,beforehewrotehispaper.Butafterpeoplereadthepaper,alotunderstoodthetheoryofrelativityinsomewayorother,certainlymorethan12.”No,theproblemisitsstyle.Itstartswithaleisurelyphilosophicaldiscussionofspaceandtimeandthencontinueswithanexpositionofknownmathematics.Thosetwosections,whichwouldbeconsideredextraneoustoday,takeuphalfthepaper.Worse,therearezerocitationsofpreviousscientists’work,norarethereanygraphics.Thosefeaturesmightmakeapapernotevengetpastthefirsteditors.Asimilarprocessofprofessionalizationhastransformedotherpartsofthescientificlandscape.Requestsforresearchtimeatmajorobservatoriesornationallaboratoriesaremorerigidlystructured.Andanythinginvolvingworkwithhumansubjects,orputtinginstrumentsinspace,involvespilesofpaperwork.WeseeitalsointheRegeneronScienceTalentSearch,theNobelPrizeofhighschoolsciencecompetitions.Intheearlydecadesofits78-yearhistory,thewinningprojectswereusuallythesortofcleverbutnaive,amateurisheffortsonemightexpectoftalentedbeginnersworkingontheirown.Today,polishedworkcomingoutofinternships(实习)atestablishedlaboratoriesisthenorm.Theseprofessionalizingtendenciesareanaturalconsequenceoftheexplosivegrowthofmodernscience.Standardizationandsystemmakeiteasiertomanagetherapidflowofpapers,applicationsandpeople.Butthereareseriousdownsides.Alotofunproductiveeffortgoesintojumpingthroughbureaucratichoops(繁文缛节),andoutsidersfaceentrybarriersateveryturn.Ofcourse,Einsteinwouldhavefoundhiswaytomeetingmodernstandardsandpublishinghisresults.Itsscientificcorewouldn’thavechanged,butthepapermightnotbethesametastetoread.31.AccordingtoRichardFeynman,Einstein’s1915paper______.A.wasaclassicintheoreticalphysicsB.turnedouttobecomprehensibleC.neededfurtherimprovementD.attractedfewprofessionals32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extraneous”inParagraph4mean?A.Unrealistic. B.Irrelevant.C.Unattractive. D.Imprecise.33.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisaffectedasmodernsciencedevelops?A.Theapplicationofresearchfindings.B.Theprincipleofscientificresearch.C.Theselectionofyoungtalents.D.Theevaluationoflaboratories.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.WhatmakesEinsteingreat?B.Willsciencebeprofessionalized?C.CouldEinsteingetpublishedtoday?D.Howwillmodernsciencemakeadvances?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheBenefitsofMakingFunofYourselfBeingabletolaughatyourselfisn’talwayseasy.However,makinglightofyourweaknessesandlifechallengescanhaveanumberofbenefits.Whileitmightsoundsurprising,beingabletomakefunofyourselfcanbegoodforyourself-esteem(自尊).____35____Makingfunofyourselfisaformofself-criticalhumor,whichcaninvolvebeingtoomodest,orevenlaughingatyourselfhumorously.____36____However,researchsuggeststheytendtobemoreself-confident.Whenthistypeofhumorisusedtomaintainapositiveattitudeindifficultsituations,itcanhelpenhancewell-beingandself-esteem.____37____Makingfunofyourselfmayhelpmakeyoumorelikableandbuildstrongerrelationshipswithothers.Interestingly,researchsuggeststhatbothmenandwomenthinkthatbeingabletomakefunofyourselfisanattractivetrait,despitedifferencesintheirwaysofusinghumor.Laughterhasbeenshowntohaveanumberofstress-fightingbenefits.____38____Whenyouviewsituationsasthreats,stresslevelsincrease.Shiftingtoamindsetthatallowsyoutoseethesesituationsaschallengescantransformthisintowhatisknownas“goodstress”thathelpsyoufeelmoreempowered.Makingfunofyourselfcanhavesomebenefits,butit’simportantnottotakethingstoofar.Ifmakingfunofyourselfstartsnegativelyimpactingyourmentalhealthorwell-being,it’stimetotakeastepback.____39____Ifyouembraceyourweaknessandimperfectionstoareasonabledegree,youwillfeelhappierandimproveyourrelationshipsandoverallwell-being.A.Findabalancethatworksforyou.B.Laughingatyourselfhelpsacceptyourself.C.Peoplearemoredrawntootherswhocanlaughatthemselves.D.Beingabletolaughatyourselfcanrelievestressbychangingyourview.E.Makingfunofyourselfindifficultsituationscanreduceyourstressgreatly.F.Peoplewithsuchasenseofhumoraresometimesregardedashavinglowself-esteem.G.Itmightevenimproveyourrelationshipsandhelpyoufacechallengesmoreeffectively.第Ⅱ卷第一节阅读表达（共4小题；共12分。第1、2小题各2分，第3小题3分，第4小题5分。）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。IalwayswantedtobelikeexplorersMarcoPoloorIbnBattuta.Theytraveledtheworldwithcuriosityandadesiretosharewithothersthemarvelstheydiscovered.TheyhadnoInternet,guidebooks,socialmedia,blogs,vlogs,reviews,orslideshows.Andwithsomuchinformationavailable,howcanonepossiblybelikethesetravelwritingpioneers?Theanswermayshockyouasitdidmytraveljournalismstudents.Iplannothinginadvanceexceptforaplacetostayandlettheplacerevealitselftomeonitsownterms.Andhowdoesthatworkout?Ihavecontributedto130internationalpublicationswitharticlesaboutwhatIdiscovered.Idonotrecommendthisapproachtoeveryone.ButwhatIdosuggestisthatyougiveupyourdesiretohaveeverythingplannedinadvance,andthatyoustopobsessingaboutallthetripdetailsandtryingtomakeitaperfecttrip.Whetheryouaretravelingwithatourgroup,friends,family,orsolo,leaveunstructuredtime,somagiccanhappen.ManypeopleIknowapproachtravellikeajob,andastressfuloneatthat.Theywanttomakesuretheycoverallthebasesanddon’tmissanything.Butinmyopinion,theycopywhatothershavedonebeforethemandcheckeachsiteoffonalist.Sohowdoyoumakeyourtripunique?Icallitslowtravel.It’snotjustaboutslowingdown.Insteadofrunningfromplacetoplace,youlookaroundyou,youtakeyourenvironmentin,younoticethingsthatperhapsnoonehasevernoticedbefore,youcanstarttalkingtopeople.Randompeopleyoumeetandtalktoareakeyelementyoucannotplanfor.Theymaytellyouaboutplacesandeventsthatwillenrichyourtrip.Theygiveyouinsideinsidertips.Theymayevenaccompanyyouorinviteyoutojointhemforanexperience.TheyhaveenrichedeverytripIhavetaken.Andthemoreyoutalktopeople—evenifyouareshy—themoreyoudeveloptheself—confidencetodomoreofit.Andthenyouarereallyinthepresent,havinganexperiencethatisuniquelyyours.1.WhatdidMarcoPolodesiretosharewithothersthroughtravelling?__________________________________________________________________________________________2.Whatdoestheauthorplanforhistrip?__________________________________________________________________________________________3.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Youcanmakeyourtripuniquebymakingadetailedplan,noticingnewthingsintheplaceandmeetinglocalpeopletoexperiencelocallife.Accordingtothepassage,___________________________________________________________________4.Besidesslowtravel,inwhatotheraspect(s)inourlifedoyouthinkweshouldslowdown?Why?(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________________________________________________第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词；在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Whenwevisitmuseums,weseeculturalartifacts(古器物)—fromeverydayhouseholditemstopreciouscarvingsandstatues.However,debatesurroundstheseartifactsand____1____countriesshouldreturnthesepiecesofcultureiftheywerestolenorforcefullytakenduringcolonization(殖民时期).Duringthe18thand19thcenturies,EuropeancountriessuchasBritain,France,andtheNetherlandscolonizedmanyAfricanandAsiancountries.Duringtheirrule,theyseizedartifactsandbroughtthemtotheirowncountries,____2____theyarenowonshowinmuseums.Overtheseyears,Europeanmuseums____3____(ask)togivebacktheartifacts.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词；在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Long-tailedmacaquesareoneofonlyafewprimate(灵长类)species____4____(know)tousestonetools.Themacaquesusestonesthattheychoose____5____(careful)tohammertheshellsofshellfish,suchasoysters,seasnailsandcrabs.Theycrackthemopenandscoopout(挖出)theflesh____6____(eat).Ontwoneighbouringislands____7____thecoastofThailand,onegroupofmacaqueswereseenreusingtheirtools,calledhammerstones,whereasthemonkeysontheotherislandthrewtheirstonesawayafterusingthemonce.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词；在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Theword“robot”wascoinedin1920bytheCzechplaywrightKarelČapek.Čapekimaginedartificial,fullyfunctional___8___(servant).Formostoftheirhistory,however,robotshavebeeninelegantmechanicaldevicessittingoutofsightinfactories.Thingsarestartingtochange,however.Morerecentadvancesinmachinelearninghaveaddedsoftwaretomakerobotsbetter__9___(inform)abouttheirsurroundingsandequippedthemtomakewiserdecisions.Robots,inthecomingyears,willincreasinglyworkinsupermarkets,clinics,socialcareandmuchmore.Manyindustriesarefacinga____10____(short)oflabour.Robotsarenowindispensable,pickingitemsoffshelvesandhelpingpeoplepackarisingnumbersofboxes.第三节翻译（共5小题，每小题2分；共10分）根据已给出的题干和括号里的提示补全句子。注意每空一词(有些已给出首字母)，语法正确、语意通顺。1.AI__________________(缺乏自信)can____________(导致)alotofsuffering.(根据汉语提示完成句子)2.Iadmirehimbecausehehas__________________c______(做出了重大的贡献)top______the______h______(保护文化遗产).(根据中英文提示完成句子)3.It’shightimethatweshould______e______m______(采取有效措施)to