2026春牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 4 A goodread 第 3 课时 Reading导学案（学生版）

Unit4Agoodread第3课时grammar八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）目标导航目标导航1. 疑问词+不定式（todo）疑问词有疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose和疑问副词when,where,how,why。此外，连接词whether也适用。“疑问词+不定式”结构有下列五种功能：⑴当主语

When

to

hold

the

meeting

has

not

yet

been

decided.

何时开会还没有定下来。

Where

to

live

is

a

problem.

住哪里是个问题。⑵当宾语

We

must

know

what

to

say

at

a

meeting.

我们必须知道在会上说些什么。

He

could

not

tell

whom

to

trust.

他无法分辨该信任谁。

⑶当表语

The

problem

is

where

to

find

the

financial

aid.

问题是到哪找到财政援助。

⑷当名词同位语

Tom

had

no

idea

which

book

to

read

first.

汤姆不知道先读哪本书。

⑸当宾语补足语

Jim

is

not

sure

whose

to

choose.

吉姆不确定选择谁的。

Mary

and

John

are

not

certain

whether

to

get

married

or

not.

玛丽和约翰不确定是否要结婚。

适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：know,

see,

decide,

tell,

ask,

consider,

discover,

explain,

forget,

guess,

hear,

imagine,

inquire,

learn,

remember,

think,

wonder,

understand等。

【注意】：1）当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句，

I

could

not

decide

which

dictionary

to

buy.

=

I

could

not

decide

which

dictionary

I

should

buy.

我不能决定买哪本字典。

Jack

did

not

know

where

to

find

such

a

good

teacher.=Jack

did

not

know

where

he

could

find

such

a

good

teacher.

杰克不知道到哪能找到这样一个好老师。

2）有些动词，如ask,

show,

tell,

advise,

inform,

teach等，可以先有个宾语，然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词”

结构。

Have

you

told

him

where

to

get

the

application

form?你告诉他哪里领申请表了吗？2.must和haveto的用法。【区别】1：must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而haveto多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。Imustcleantheroombecauseitistoodirty.（无人强迫）因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。Wemustbethereontime.（责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。Ihavetodomyhomeworknow.（不得不做）我现在不得不做作业。Ihavetoleaveschoolbecausemyfamilyispoornow.因为家里穷了，我不得不退学。【区别】2：must没有时态的变化，而haveto有时态的变化。Damingwashurt.Thedoctorsaidhehadtostayinhospitalforabouttwoweeks.Hisfatherhastogototakecareofhim.大明受伤了。医生说他大概得住院两周，他的父亲得去照顾他。Wedon’thavetogotoschoolonSundays.星期天我们不必上学。【区别】3：must的否定为mustn’t，多表示“禁令”。No!Youmustn’tturnleft!YoumustturnrightintoTheStrand.不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到strand中。由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或haveto，否定回答要用needn’t或don’thaveto，意思是“不必”；此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！1）—MustIfinishmyhomeworkbeforeeighto’clock?—Yes,youmust.我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？是的，必须。2）—MustIattendthemeeting?—No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.YoucanaskTomtogoinstead.我必须要参加这次会议吗？不。你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。能力拓展能力拓展完成句子1．他们或许不得不坐出租车去那里。（完成译句）Theymight________________takethetaxitogothere.2．我不得不用功学习，因此我睡眠不足。I__________study__________Idon’tgetenoughsleep.3．最后—班车已经开走了，所以我只好步行回家。Thelastbushadgone,soI________backhome.4．你不必担心钱的问题，我可以借一些钱给你。You________________________worryaboutmoney;Icanlendsomemoneytoyou.5．他不必10点前睡觉。He_____________tobeinbedbyteno’clock.6．他说他们必须努力工作。Hesaidthatthey_________workhard.分层提分分层提分题组A能力提升练7．—Let’sclimbtothetopofthemountain________youarenottired,shallwe?—You________bekidding!Iamafraidofhighplaces!A．if;must B．when;may C．since;should D．although;can8．—MustIreturnthebookthisweek?—No,you________.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．don’t D．can’t9．—MustIreturnthebookthisafternoon?—No,you_________.Youcankeepitforaweek.A．shouldn’t B．don’thaveto C．can’t D．mustn’t10．—MustIhandinmybookreviewthisevening?—Oh,you_______.Youcanhanditintomorrowmorning.A．must B．haveto C．mustn’t D．don’thaveto11．—Whoisthegirldancinginthehall?—It________beLucy.Onlysheenteredthehallthismorning.A．must B．may C．can’t D．could12．—Sixtyyuanforthisshirt?You_________bejoking!—I’mserious.Therewasasaleoninthatshop.A．must B．should C．may D．need13．Lucyhastodothesamethingeveryday.She_________beveryboredwithherjob.A．can B．must C．may D．need14．—Whosenotebookisthis?—It________beJim’s.Hisnameisonit.A．must B．maynot C．might D．can’t15．InEngland,you________sayMr.orMrs.whenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime.A．will B．must C．might D．could16．—When________Ihandinmyhomework,Mr.Wang?—________Tuesday.It’sthelastday.A．can;On B．must;By C．might;By D．should;On17．—Mom,canIgooutwithAnnatonight?—Sure,butyou________comebackhomeby9:00.A．can’t B．needn’t C．must D．need18．—Dad,canIgotothemoviesthisevening?—Sure,butyou________comebackhomebefore9o’clock.A．can B．may C．must D．might19．—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?—Something________tohim.A．musthappen B．shouldhavehappened C．musthavehappened题组B培优拔尖练20．—You________becarefulwhenyoudriveyourcarinsucharainyday.—OK,Mom.Iwill.A．may B．can C．shall D．must21．—CanIwearanyclothesIliketoschool?—No,youcan’t.You________weartheuniform.A．might B．must C．will D．would22．—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?—Yes,you________.A．must B．can C．may D．might23．—MayIplaycomputergamesnow,Mum?—No.You________finishyourhomeworkfirst.A．must B．can C．could D．may24．—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I’mafraidwe________.That’sthetrafficrule.A．can B．may C．haveto25．Ididn’tknow________thewall,Amydidn’tknow________.A．whichtopaintcolour;either B．whichtopaint;tooC．whichtocolourpaint;too D．whichcolourtopaint;either26．Ican’tdecide__________.A．whattodoit B．howshallIdoitC．howtodoit D．whatshallIdoit27．Weoftenmeettogetheranddiscuss___________.A．whattoread B．abouttoreadwhatC．toreadwhat D．aboutwhattoread28．—Wherewillyougoforyoursummerholiday?—Ihaven’tdecidedwhere__________.A．go B．went C．going D．togo29．—Haveyoudecidedwhen________atriptoSanya?—Notyet.A．taking B．taken C．totake D．took30．Wouldyoupleasetellme________todotomorrow?A．what B．how C．when D．w