选择性必修第三册Unit4AdversityandCourage

Unit4AdversityandCourage(主题语境:人与自我之优秀品质)读写融合·重温教材Asayoungmanofbothpassionand1.endurance(endure),PerceBlackborowhadlongbeendreamingofdecentadventure.Sohedidn’tgiveupwhenSirErnestShackletonturned2.downhisrequesttojointheexpedition.Percesecretlyhidhimselfinacupboard,onlytobefoundthreedaysaftertheysetoff.Hefelt3.fortunate(fortunately)andhappywhenhe4.wasassigned(assign)asastewardinsteadofbeingsentbackhome.

Itturnedouttobeatoughjourney.TheshipgotstuckintheiceastheyapproachedAntarcticaandtheyhadtoabandontheship.5.UndertheguidanceofSirErnest,theythrewawaynearlyeverythingexceptnecessitiesandabanjo,6.whichkepttheirspiritsupduringthejourney.Survivalwasnoteasyandthingswentfrombad7.toworse.FinallySirErnestleftforSouthGeorgiaIslandinordertofindhelp.ThedesperatesituationmadeyoungPerceBlackborowfeeldownandbecomebad-tempered.ItwasthegenuineencouragementandconcernfromBlessFrankWildthatcheeredhimup.FrankandErnest’sresolveand8.perseverance(persevere)filledhimwithhope.9.Realizingthatheshouldn’tbecome10.selfish(selfishness)justbecauseoftheadversitytheywerefacedwith,helearnedtobeoptimisticanddetermined.点评:本篇文本语篇亮点包括:onlytodo作结果状语;which引导非限制性定语从句;动词-ing形式短语作状语;强调句型等。考点聚焦·突破提升【重点单词】1.enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①Theactivitymadeastrongimpressiononusandarousedtheenthusiasm(enthusiastic)ofusstudentsforvariousplants.②(2023·四省联考新课标适应性考试)Theyfiredherenthusiasm(enthusiastic)forhelpingothers.③(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven’tbeenanenthusiastic(enthusiasm)exerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.(1)beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.对(做)……热情beenthusiastictodosth. 热衷于做某事(2)enthusiasm n.热情;热忱have/keepenthusiasmfor 有/保持……的热情arousesb.’senthusiasm激起某人的热情lack/befullofenthusiasm 缺乏/充满热情enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地withenthusiasm=enthusiastically 热情地写作微练完成句子④我不仅热情而且容易相处,这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(应用文写作之申请信)Iamnotonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalong/onwith,whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.

2.assignvt.分派;布置;分配;确定;转让步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(柯林斯词典)Theassessmentforthecourseinvolveswrittenassignments(assign)andpracticaltests.②(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassigned(assign)thecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves”.

③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignments(assign)tobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.④(2022·浙江高考)Iwasassigned(assign)toservethesaladwiththeladynexttome.

⑤(2022·浙江1月高考)Aboveall,Ihopedhewouldn’tassignmetowork(work)withthefiercelycompetitiveandextremelyseriousfellowwhoalwaysworedarkclothesandapparentlyhadapersonalitytomatch.

(1)assignsb.sth.=assignsth.tosb.安排/分配某事(物)给某人assignsb.to... 指派某人承担……;把某人分派到……assignsb.todosth. 指派某人做某事(2)assignment n.任务;作业;分配写作微练完成句子⑥他认真对待交给他的每一项任务,并且他有很强的解决问题的能力。(应用文写作之人物介绍)Heisseriousabouteverytaskassignedtohimandhasastrongabilitytosolveproblems.

3.sink(sank/sunk,sunk,sinking)vi.沉没;下沉;下降vt.使下沉;使沉没步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Writingwassodifficultandpnfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinking(sink)oftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.②(2023·浙江1月高考)Thesunwasbeginningtosink(sink)asIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.

③Whenthemanheardtheshiphadsunkintotheocean,hisheartsank.(sink)

sinkinto/down颓然坐下one’sheart/spiritssink 心情沉重;情绪低落asinkingfeeling/ship 颓丧感/沉船写作微练完成句子④悲伤如潮水一般涌来。他倒在椅子上,放声大哭。(读后续写之情感描写)Grief/Sadness/Sorrowcameinwaves.Hesankintothechr,cryinghiseyesout.

4.abandonvt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃;中止;陷入n.放任;放纵步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned(abandon).②(2020·江苏高考)LoveFone,acompanythatadvocatesrepringcellphonesratherthanabandoning(abandon)them,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.(1)abandon(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事abandononeselfto(doing)sth.沉湎于(做)某事;纵情于(做)某事(2)abandoned adj.被遗弃的;无约束的;无度的;放纵的beabandonedto(doing)sth.沉湎于(做)某事(3)withabandon纵情;放任地写作微练完成句子③他最后一句话深深地伤了她的心。她大哭起来,陷入绝望。(读后续写之情感描写)Hislastsentencewentlikeabullettoherheart.Sheburstintotearsandabandonedherselftodespr.

④面对这些愤怒的质问,他想说点什么,却一时语塞。(读后续写之场景描写)Facedwiththeseangryquestions,hetriedtospeak,butforonce,hisvoiceabandonedhim.

5.resolvevi.&vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难)n.决心;坚定的信念步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2024·北京高考)Conflictwasoftenresolved(resolve)inmusicalbattles.②Iresolvedtoturn(turn)downhisinvitationbecausemyteacherassignedtoomuchhomework.

(1)resolvetodosth.决定做某事(2)resolution n.决定;解决;决心makearesolutiontodo... 下定决心做……写作微练一句多译/完成句子③为了解决冲突,我们应该学会多沟通,并换位思考。(应用文写作之建议信)Toresolveconflicts,weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’shoes.

【核心短语】6.turnsb.down拒绝(某人)步入经典·即境活用用turn相关的短语填空①(2024·浙江1月高考)Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa“minicommunitylibrary”:anypasser-bycan“borrow”abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.②(2024·浙江1月高考)Afterthat,shetriedtoseeifshecouldcompleteherfirstlap.Onelapturnedintotwo,thenthree,thenfour.③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.turnin上交turndown 调小turnup 出现;把音量调大turntosb.(forhelp) 求助于某人turnoff 关闭,停止turnon 打开,开启turninto 变成turnout 结果是;最终成为;变得写作微练句式升级④Becausehedidn’tmakefullpreparationsfortheinterview,hewasrefused.→Nothavingmadefullpreparationsfortheinterview,hewasturneddown.(非谓语动词作原因状语;turn短语)

7.giveoff放出(热、光、气味或气体)步入经典·即境活用用give相关的短语填空①Itriedtopersuadehimthatjustbeingafrdofbeinglaughedatwasnoreasontogiveup.②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.③(2024·九省联考)Peoplewereafrdtogiveouttheircreditcardnumbers.givein屈服;投降;让步;上交giveaway 赠送;泄露;丧失giveback 归还giveout 分发;用完,耗尽,精疲力竭giveup 放弃givewayto 让位于写作微练完成句子④那个周末,我们去了附近的一个养老院并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。(应用文写作之活动介绍)Thatweekend,wewenttoanearbynursinghomeandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere.

【经典句型】8.Ifitweren’tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.(P44)如果没有海洋动物,我们都会挨饿。步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwewouldhavehad(have)agoodtimetogether.

②(2023·全国乙卷)Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeen(be)somuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.

③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iffoodwastewere(be)acountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用如下:假设虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)would/could/should/might+动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(2)wereto+动词原形(3)should+动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形写作微练完成句子④要不是你的帮助,我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。(应用文写作之感谢信)Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.

⑤要不是爸爸,我哪会有今天的成就。(读后续写之情感描写)Ifitweren’tforDad,Iwouldn’tbewhereIamtoday.

【要点拾遗】1.envyn.&vt.羡慕;妒忌步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(牛津词典)Hesawtheenvious(envy)lookintheotherboy’seyes.②Onlyshehasaccesstosuchpreciousresources,whichisenvied(envy)byherfellows.

③Manypeopleenviedmegoing(go)abroadforfurtherstudies,whichinfactwastochangemylife.④Iamenvious(envy)ofyou,becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.(1)betheenvyofsb.成为某人羡慕/嫉妒的对象;为某人所羡慕outofenvy 出于嫉妒withenvy 羡慕地;嫉妒地greenwithenvy 嫉妒地眼红(2)envysb.sth. 羡慕/嫉妒某人的……envysb.doingsth. 羡慕/嫉妒某人做某事(3)envious adj.羡慕的;妒忌的beenviousof... 羡慕/嫉妒……写作微练完成句子⑤我看到他那辆新汽车就非常眼红。(读后续写之情感描写)IwasabsolutelygreenwithenvywhenIsawhisnewcar.

⑥想到她得到我妈妈那么多的关爱,一股嫉妒之情如潮水般涌上我的心头。(读后续写之心理描写)Awaveofenvycameflooding/sweepingovermewhenIthoughtofhowmuchaffectionshehadreceivedfrommymother.

2.guidancen.指导;引导;导航步入经典·即境活用单句语法填空①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thegardenalsocontnsawindingpaththatguides(guide)visitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Theguided(guide)citytourstartsfromDamSquare.③(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrnerforfourormoredaysaweek.④Undertheguidance(guide)oftheirfather,theytookpositiveactionandstartedalloveragn.⑤Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted,andwealsoneedyourguidance(guide)onourperformance.(1)guidanceonsth./howtodosth.关于(做)某事的指导under/withtheguidanceofsb.=under/withone’sguidance 在某人的指导下(2)guidevt.给某人领路;指导;解释n.指南;向导guidesb.to... 领某人去……(to为介词)(3)aguideto... 关于……的指南写作微练完成句子⑥如果没有他的指导和鼓励,我不可能在市英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。(应用文写作之感谢信)Haditnotbeenforhisguidanceandencouragement,Icouldn’thavewonthefirstplaceinthecityEnglishspeechcontest.

⑦在他们爸爸的悉心指导下,没过多久,法式烤面包和鸡肉粥就做好了。(读后续写之动作描写)Underthecarefulguidanceoftheirfather/Withtheirfatherguidingthemcarefully,itdidn’ttakelongbeforetheFrenchtoastandchickenporridgewereready.

3.makefire生火步入经典·即境活用用make短语填空①(2024·浙江1月高考)However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextratobenefitfrompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.②(2024·浙江1月高考)Westillneedtotryontheactortomakesureeverythingfitsandlooksgood.③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)ShewouldhavestruggledwithextremepntomakeittothatdcheckpointwithoutBley’shelp.④(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Infact,don’twtuntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.makeit成功makesense 有意义;有道理;讲得通makealistof列清单makesure 确保makeanappointment 约会;预约makeadifference 有影响makeamistake 犯错写作微练完成句子⑤无论如何都不要失去信心。坚持下去,你迟早会成功的。(应用文写作之演讲稿)Innosenseshouldyouloseheart.Keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.

⑥幸运的是,老师觉察到我的问题,告诉我每一件小事都有可能产生很大的影响。(读后续写之主旨升华)Luckily,myteachersensedmyproblem,tellingmethateverysmallthingcanmakeabigdifference.

进阶演练·夯实基础Ⅰ语境填空|高考探究体验1.(2024·北京高考)Oursocialinstincts(本能)includetheintensedesiretobelong(belong).

2.(2024·北京高考)Typically,cruelty(cruel)andcheatingarediscouraged,whilecooperation,humblenessandcourageareprsed.3.(2023·全国乙卷)Shequalified(qualify)asasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.4.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Iwasalwaysanenthusiastic(enthusiasm)reader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.5.(2021·全国甲卷)Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(persevere),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”6.(2019·天津高考)Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned(assign),butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofreading.

7.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Emmasaysit’schallengingtobeahealthexpert,becausepeoplecanbeeasilyinfluencedbyadvertisements(advertise)thatlackscientificsupport.8.Ihopethenewspaperwilldobetterandhavemoreloyal(loyalty)readers.9.(2022·浙江高考)Goodmanagement,likegoodparenting,isalong-termcommitment(commit).10.Unfortunately,thelittleboygothislegbadlyhurtinthecaraccident.Andhehadtodropoutofschooltoseekhisfortuneinbigcities.Whenworkinginacompany,hefortunatelygotpromotedandbecamerich.(fortunate)Ⅱ熟词生义/一词多义|攻克阅读障碍1.(2023·浙江1月高考)Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations. vt.确定2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded. vt.布置3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread. n.洗碗槽4.(2019·天津高考)Erinhadgonebeyondwhatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,andforthatIwasextremelygrateful. adv.极其5.Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied. n.树皮6.roughA.汹涌的;风浪很大的B.崎岖的C.粗略的D.艰难的E.粗鲁的①Ican’ttolerateslinginroughsea. A

②He’shadareallyroughtimerecently. D

③(2023·全国甲卷)ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans. C

④Theiceontheroughroadhasmeltedanditissafetodriveonitnow. B

⑤Heissucharoughchildthathedoesn’tbehavehimself. E

串词成篇|提升关键能力MynephewBillledadecentandcosylife,buthewasfullofvigourandoftenshowedgreatcourageinadversity.Beingparticularly1.enthusiastic(enthusiasm)aboutadventures,hehadbeendreamingofmakingavoyage.Atage21,Billresolved2.tojoin(join)anexpedition,wherehewasassigned3.asastewardearningthelowestwage.Ona4.bitterly(bitter)coldday,thecrewgotaboardashipboundforAfrica.Billwasgood-temperedandloyaltohisduty.Moreover,hewasnotselfish,alwaysshowinggenuineconcernforothers.That’swhyeveryoneonboardlikedhim.5.Unfortunately(fortunate),theshipgotcrushedbyanicebergandwasabout6.tosink(sink).Atthiscriticalmoment,the7.qualified(qualify)captnmadeacommitmenttotakethecrewtosafety,expectingthemnever8.toabandon(abandon)thehopeofsurvival.All9.belongings(belonging)werethrownawayexceptforthesmallboats,food,stovesandblankets.Theylandedonadesertislandafterthreedaysatsea.Youcouldn’timaginehowmuchtheyhadsufferedinsuchcruelconditions.Itwastheirdisciplineandteamspiritaswellastheir10.endurance(endure)andperseverancethatcountedfortheirultimatesurvival.Amonthlater,theywererescuedbyapassingship.ItwasamiserablebutunforgettableepisodeinBill’slife.

写作提能·综合运用Ⅰ应用文写作提分练|困境与勇气(2024·广东模拟)你校英文报正在组织作文比赛,请你以“FlureIsNotNecessarilyBad”为题写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:1.你的理解;2.举例说明。注意:写作词数应为80左右。Step1辨模式(Patterns)Step2明实例(Examples)1.连词成句①人们常常为失败感到悲伤,因此不惜一切代价试图避免失败。Peopleoftenfeelsorrowfulforflurethustheytrytoavoiditatanycost.

②我们对待它的态度很重要。Ourattitudetowardsitcounts.③因此,我们应该把失败当作垫脚石而不是障碍。Thus,weshouldtreatflureasasteppingstoneinsteadofasablock.

④以我自己为例。Takemyselfasanexample.

⑤渐渐地,我取得了进步,并取得了最后的成功。Byandby,Imadeprogressandachievedmyfinalsuccess.

⑥从这次经历中,我学到了重要的一课,那就是永不放弃。Ilearntanimportantlessonaboutnevergivingupfromtheexperience.

⑦简而言之,失败并不一定是坏事。Inbrief,flureisnotnecessarilybad.

2.句式升级⑧将①使用现在分词短语作伴随状语改写。Peopleoftenfeelsorrowfulforflure,thustryingtoavoiditatanycost.

⑨将②使用强调句型改写。Itisourattitudetowardsitthatcounts.

Step3会实践(Practice)背诵默写连句成篇Peopleoftenfeelsorrowfulforflure,thustryingtoavoiditatanycost.However,indlylife,flureisunavoidable.Itisourattitudetowardsitthatcounts.Thus,weshouldtreatflureasasteppingstoneinsteadofasablock.Takemyselfasanexample.Iusedtodopoorlyinmath,howeverhardItried.Repeatedflureinthesubjectwasablowtomyconfidence.Ineverthoughtofgivingup,though.Ibegantoreflectonmyflure.Byandby,Imadeprogressandachievedmyfinalsuccess.Ilearntanimportantlessonaboutnevergivingupfromtheexperience.Inbrief,flureisnotnecessarilybad.Ⅱ读后续写提能练|困境与勇气辨模式困境与勇气1.故事背景设定:通常以一个主角面临某种困境作为故事的开端,这个困境往往与“人与自我”“人与自然”或“人与社会”的主题相关。主角可能是普通人,在特定情境下展现出勇气2.情节发展紧凑:故事情节紧凑且逻辑清晰,主角在困境中经历挑战、挣扎,逐渐展现出克服困难的勇气。过程中会详细描绘主角的心理活动、动作和语言,以体现其勇气和成长3.情感线索鲜明:情感线索贯穿整个故事,主角从最初的困惑、恐惧或绝望,到鼓起勇气面对困境,再到最终克服困难,情感变化丰富且合理4.结局积极向上:故事结局通常是主角通过勇气战胜了困境,实现了自我超越或成长。这种积极向上的结局符合社会主义核心价值观,能够激励读者5.语言风格一致:续写部分的语言风格需要与原文保持一致,包括词汇选择、句式结构和语气等。同时,要求语言生动