2026年山东德州市高三一模高考英语试卷试题（答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页高三英语试题2026.3注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Getanewcat.

B.Letthecatout.

C.Feedthecatwell.2.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Curious.

B.Amused.

C.Shocked.3.Whywilltheeventbepopularaccordingtotheman?A.Itisfreeofcharge.B.Thefoodanddrinkaregreat.C.Therewillberockbands.4.Whatdayisittoday?A.It’sSunday.

B.It’sSaturday.

C.It’sMonday.5.Wherearethespeakersmostprobably?A.Inaticketoffice.

B.Atapolicestation.

C.Onthestreet.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemanwanttolearnskiing?A.Toworkoutregularly.B.Tomakesomenewfriends.C.Totryoutsomethingnew.7.Whowillthemanasktoteachhimtoski?A.Hisaunt.

B.Hiscousin.

C.Hisbrother.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatdoesGoogleplantodoaccordingtotheman?A.Traintruckdrivers.B.Studydrivers’sleephabits.C.Promoteself-drivingtrucks.9.Whatdoesthewomanimplyaboutself-drivingtrucks?A.Driverswillbereplaced.B.Lotsofaccidentscouldbeavoided.C.Manyjobopportunitieswillbecreated.10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutself-drivingtrucks?A.Alittlescared.

B.Hardlysatisfied.

C.Veryconfident.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Afamilytrip.

B.Aschooltour.

C.Abirthdayparty.12.Whatwouldthemanliketodoiftheweatherisgood?A.Takethekidstoswim.B.Leadthemountainhike.C.Exploresomeplantsandanimals.13.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Confirmthereservation.

B.Makealistofactivities.

C.Checkthesafetyequipment.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?A.Makingadesign.

B.Attendingadinner.

C.Havingameeting.15.Whatisthewomanresponsiblefor?A.Designingtrains.B.Leadingabridgeproject.C.Launchinganewproduct.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.

B.Schoolmates.

C.Relatives.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthetalkintendedfor?A.Children.

B.Teenagers.

C.Adults.18.Whatdotheprogramsoffertobeginners?A.Survivalskillsintravelandwork.B.Traininginexpressingcomplexideas.C.Grammarimprovementcourses.19.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheteachers?A.Theyusefunclassrooms.B.Theyarenativespeakers.C.Theyofferflexibleschedules.20.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?A.Toadvertisecourses.B.Toteachcommunicationskills.C.Tointroducetheprogramhistory.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AScienceonWheelstravelsacrossthestatebringingengagingSTEMprogrammingtogradesK-8,withafocusoninteractiveandhands-onprogramsthatbringthejoyofscientificexplorationtolifeandempowerlearnerstoseethemselvesinSTEM.ProgramOfferings·GatheringsGuesteducatorswilldoapresentationaboutscienceforlargeaudiences,includingtheentireschool.Theymaydoloudorbrightexperiments.·Pop-upExhibitsDuringtheday,youwillgetaturntoexploreandtouchthescienceexhibitsthattheguestspeakersbring.·ClassroomWorkshopsGuesteducatorswillcometoyourroomandorganizedifferentworkshops.GoodVibrations:Diveintothewonderfulworldofsoundwithtuningforks,musicalinstrumentsandmore.Investigatehowpeoplemakeandhearsounds.CritterCoders:Assoftwareengineers,learnersprogramamouserobottodrivethroughamaze(迷宫).Noprogrammingexperiencenecessary.LightenUp:Ouroriginalstoryleadsanexplorationoftheamazingpropertiesoflightasweexperimentwithauniquecollectionofobjectsandflashlightstolearnaboutsunlight,rainbowsandmore.Eco-Sleuths:Whereshouldthetownbuildthenewmall?StudentsdeterminewaterqualitybytestingpHandanalyzingthepresenceofbioindicators.Learnersusetheirdatatoconstructanargumentaboutwheretobuildthemall.Registration&CancellationRegistrationisnowopenforbookingsthroughJune2026.Submitarequestformtoday!PreparationofstaffandmaterialsforyourScienceonWheelsisextensive.Pleasenotethatcancellationsinvolvefees:50%oftheprogramcostifcanceledwithinfourweeksofyourscheduledvisit,and100%withintwoweeks.Reschedulingcosts15%oftheprogramcost.1．HowmanyprogramsdoesScienceonWheelsinclude?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.2．Whichworkshopbestsuitsastudentinterestedinthelocalenvironment?A．GoodVibrations. B．CritterCoders. C．LightenUp. D．Eco-Sleuths.3．What’stheextrachargeforatwo-weekpostponement?A．Noadditionalcost. B．15%ofthecost. C．50%ofthecost. D．Thefullcost.BOnthesummitofamountaincalledShishapangma,an18-year-oldSherpa(夏尔巴人)climbercalledNimarecordedaselfievideo.Withthisclimb,hebecametheyoungestpersonevertotopall14oftheworld’s8,000-meterpeaks.Oncehedescended,Nimasharedthevideoonlineunderthetag(标签)“Sherpapower”,spreadingthemessagethathispeoplewereathletesintheirownright,notjustguidesofforeignclimbers.Fornearly120years,Sherpashaveservedasportersandguidesforforeignclimbersseekinggloryontheworld’shighestpeaks,whichmakesthemsocloselylinkedtothisworkthatmanyWesternersmistaketheword“Sherpa”foraprofession,notanethnicity.Duringhisfirstmountainclimbing,anavalanche(雪崩)claimedthelivesofhisbestfriend,Lama,andhisclientontheirsummitpush.HesawhowSherpassacrificedtheirownsafetyandevenlivestohelpotherssummit.Itwasatthatmomentthathebegantousetheword“sherpapower”withnewpurposeofbeingavoiceforhiscommunity.Toachievethis,NimahastobeaprofessionalclimbersponsoredbybrandsliketheRedBull.Thebrandsseldomsponsormountaineerswhofollowtraderoutesonfixedropes.His14-peaksrecordhasn’tbeenenoughtoearnsponsorships.Butforhim,sponsorshipsmeandignityinsteadofmoney.Hehadtoexplorenewroutesorpeakswithoutbottledoxygenorfixedropes.Therefore,twomonthsaftersettinghisrecord,Nimawaspreparingforhisnextproject.AlongsidefamedItalianclimberMoro,hewasattemptingawinterclimbingof8,163-meterManaslu,whichwaseventuallycancelledduetoextremeconditions.NimaimmediatelyplannedanotherattemptonManaslufornextwinterwithhispartner.ItremainstobeseenifNimawillbethebreakthroughathletehewantstobe.Afterall,he’sonly18.4．Whatisthecommonunderstandingof“Sherpa”toWesterners?A．Anoccupation. B．Anidentification. C．Aresolution. D．Aproposal.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“claimed”meaninparagraph3?A．Spared. B．Guarded. C．Took. D．Sustained.6．WhydidNimaseekadifferentclimbingroute?A．Tocompetewithtop-zclassathletes.B．Toqualifyasaprofessionalclimber.C．Tobuildhisfortuneinoutdoorindustry.D．Togetrecognisedasanexperiencedguide.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNima?A．Determinedandethnicallyconscious. B．Carefreeandstrong-willed.C．Straightforwardandwell-mannered. D．Modestandwarm-hearted.CYou’vefollowedallsleepexperts’advice—goingtobedontime,avoidingafternooncoffee,andkeepingyourbedroomcoolasyoulike,darkwithnolighton,andquietaspossible—yetyoustilltossandturn.Glancingatthesilverlightthroughthecurtains,youwonder:Couldthefullmoonberuiningyoursleep?Figuringoutthemoon’simpactonhumansleepischallenging,asemotionsandexpectationsoftencloudjudgments.Manypeopleromanticizefullmoons,especiallyspecialeventslikeharvestorbluemoons,whileothersanticipaterestlessnessunderafullmoon,whichalonecandisruptsleep.Scientificstudiessuggestrealphysiologicaleffectscausedbythemoon.Ina2013study,Swissresearchersanalyzeddatafromanexperimentinwhichparticipantshadnoideatheirsleepwasbeingstudiedforlunareffects.Aroundthefullmoon,participantsexperienceda30percentdropindeep-sleepbrainactivity,took5minuteslongertofallasleep,andslept20minuteslessoverall.Theyalsoreportedworsesleepqualityandhadlowerlevelsofmelatonin,thehormone(荷尔蒙)thatyourbodyreleasesnaturallyatnighttocalmyourbodydownandprepareyouforsleep.However,allthesestudiesshareonemajorlimitation:theywereconductedinsleeplaboratories,wherethesubjectsmaybedisturbedeasilybytheunfamiliarsetting.Toaddressthis,UniversityofWashingtonresearcherstrackedsleepinreal-worldenvironments:threeArgentiniancommunities(urbansuburbs,ruralvillagewithlimitedelectricity,remoteareawithnoelectricity)and464Seattleuniversitystudents.Acrossallgroups,regardlessofartificiallightaccess,participantssleptlessandtooklongertofallasleepinthenightsleadinguptoafullmoon.Theresearchersthinkthismayreflectanancientadaptation:Whenthemoonwasbrightest,ourancestorslikelystayeduplatertohunt,socialize,orworkbynaturallight.Thesleepchangesweremostobviousinlow-electricitycommunities,wheremoonlightremainedthemainlightsourceatnight.Sleepexpertsnotethatwhilethefullmoon’seffect,uptoonehourlesssleep,isprofound,artificiallightfromscreenslikelyhasanevengreaterimpactonmodernsleep.8．Whatisthedifficultyinstudyingthemoon’seffectonsleep?A．People’shabitsandhobbies. B．Healthconditionsandsleepspace.C．Artificiallightornoiseintheroom. D．People’semotionsandanticipations.9．Whatdidthe2013Swissstudyfindaboutfullmoons?A．Theycaused25minuteslesssleeponaverage.B．Theyaffectedpeoplemoreintherealworld.C．Theyhadlessimpactonsleepthanexpected.D．Theyledtoareduceddeep-sleepbrainactivity.10．WhydidUniversityofWashingtonresearchersadjuststudysurroundings?A．Tocomparesleeppatternsbyagegroup.B．Toanalyzetheinfluenceofartificiallightonsleep.C．Toavoidtheimpactofstrangesettingsonsubjects.D．Totestwhetherurbanlifestylecancelslunareffects.11．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheEndofMoonlightFolktales B．CityLights’effectsonHumanSleepC．Moonlight’sbattlewithartificiallight D．TheMoon’sSilentTheftofOurSleepDAustralia’stropicalforestshavebecometheworld’sfirsttoemit(排放)morecarbonintotheatmospherethantheyaretakingin,asanewstudyreportinNature.Thisswitchisanalarmbellfortheplanet’stropicalforests,soundingasgloballeaderspreparefortheCOP30meetingintheAmazonrainforesttoaddressthecrisisofglobalclimatechange.Thelong-termanalysisofAustralia’srainforestsfrom1971to2019revealedthattheforests’woodybiomass—itshardbranchesandtrunks—hasbeenshrinkingsincearoundtheyear2000.Risingtemperatures,droughtsandtropicalcyclones(气旋)drivenbyhumanactivitieshavedramaticallyincreasedtreedeathrate,releasingstoredcarbonbackintotheatmosphere.Surprisingly,theextraatmosphericcarbondioxide(CO₂)didn’tboostplantgrowthasclimatemodelspredicted,likelyduetolimitedavailabilityofnutrientsplantsneedlikephosphorusandotherbasicones—afactorthatmustbeconsideredinestimatingthefateofforests.TheAmazonrainforest,whichspansanareanearlyaslargeasthecontinentalUnitedStatesandiscurrentlyshoulderingaquarterofland-basedcarbondioxideannually,isalsoatrisk.Itsuffereditsworstdroughtin2024,withdeforestationreaching17percent.Scientistshavewarneditcouldfacewidespreaddiebackby2035underthepressureofclimatechange,deforestationandextremeweatherlikestorms.Othertropicalforestsfacesimilarthreats.Africa’sCongoBasinforests,oncerelativelystable,haveshownincreasedtreedeathratesince2010.SoutheastAsia’sforestsareendangeredbythedevelopmentofurbanizationandagriculture.AreportmadebytheU.N.EnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)notesthatabout291millionoftheworld’s1.6billionhectaresoftropicalforestaredelicate,easilyerasedofffromthegreenblockforever.Protectingtheseforestswillrequireglobalfinancialinvestmentstotripleto$300billionby2030,yetglobaleffortsfortheprotectionarefallingshortoftheintendedcommitments.“Tropicalforestsarehugecarbonreservoirsandwemustcherishtheforestcarbonstocksalreadybuiltupovercenturies,orevenmillennia.”saystheprogrammemanagerWannesHubauinthereport.“Losingthemwouldbelikesettingoffacarbonbomb,worseningclimatechange.”12．WhathappenedtotheAustralia’stropicalforests?A．Theywereexpandingrapidly. B．Theybecameacarbon-friendlyplace.C．Theirwoodybiomasswasonincrease. D．Theywereturningintocarbonemitters.13．WhatmightlimitAustralia’sforestgrowthwithmoreCO₂?A．Long-termdataanalysis. B．Insufficientbasicnutrients.C．Storageofcarbonintrunks. D．Climatemodelexpectations.14．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Tropicalforestswilldiebackby2035.B．Farmingdestroysforestsintropicalregions.C．Tropicalforestsfacegrowingglobalthreats.D．Droughtscausemostrainforestlossworldwide.15．WhatcanwelearnfromtheUNEPreport?A．Fewtropicalforestsareathighrisk.B．Tropicalforestconservationlacksfunds.C．Thedeathrateoftropicalforestsisdeclining.D．Africa’sforestshavethehighesttreedeathrate.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inatimewhencelebrities,socialmediainfluencers,andfamouspersonalitiesseemliketheyarejustaclickaway,it’seasytounderstandhowemotionalbondswithpublicfigureshavebecomemorepersonalandcomplexthanever.____16____Thetermwascoinedin1956whentelevisionsbecamewidelyavailable,andTVviewersbegantodevelopthesenseoffalseclosenesswiththecharactersonthescreen.Theparasocialrelationshipsareone-sidedrelationshipsinwhichapersondevelopsastrongsenseofconnectionorfamiliaritywithsomeonetheydon’tknow,mostoftencelebritiesormediapersonalities.____17____Theyexperienceabondthatlacksreciprocity(互惠).Thereisnofirmconclusionregardingwhypeopledevelopparasocialrelationships.____18____WhensomuchofourtimeisspentonlineorwatchingTVormovies,we’renaturallylikelytorecognizethefaceswerepeatedlyseeanddevelopwarmfeelingsforthem.Anotherpossiblecauseisloneliness.Someresearchsuggeststhatthelonelieranindividualfeels,themorelikelytheyaretoengageinparasocialrelationships,seekingaconnectioninsomeform,ifnotinreallife.____19____Someresearchershavefoundthathighlysocialindividualswhoaremorelikelytoformfriendshipsandrelationshipsinreallifearealsomorelikelytoformparasocialrelationships.Thereisalsothebeliefthatparasocialrelationshipscansimplybelessdemandingandmorefunthanreal-liferelationships.____20____Plusthesubjectsofparasocialrelationshipsaretypicallytalented,beautiful,orfunny.Originallybelievedtobeunhealthyduetotheirone-sidednature,theseparasocialrelationshipsaretypicallyharmlessand,infact,quitecommon.A．Otherresearchcontradictstheidea.B．Theycontributetoreal-liferelationships.C．Theseareknownasparasocialrelationships.D．Parasocialrelationshipscancertainlyhavebenefits.E．Butoneisthatthehumanbraindevelopedtobesocial.F．Theserelationshipsexistonlyinthemindoftheindividual.G．Therearenoconflictsormaintenancethatneedtobeattendedto.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Afterweekswrappedupinmyyoungestdaughter’swedding,itfeelslikeaquiet_________tosaveasmall,warmmoment.Tobehonest,thehousehadbeen_________withguestsfordays—bedsheetstoiron,mealstoarrange,last-minutedetailsatthevenue(宴会)to_________out—andscarcelydidIdrawabreathuntilthefinalfarewellwasexchanged.Giventhatlifehasreturnedtoitsaccustomedroutine,Igladly_________backintomyeverydayrhythm,startingwithanonlinegrocery_________.Thedeliverycamerightas_________:ayoungmanstoodatthedoorway,aheavybaghungonhisarm,hisvoicecalmashehandedovermypurchase.Iexpressedmygratitude,andhesetthebagdownontheentrytable_________.Justasheturnedtodepart,hepaused.“Wouldyoumindaquick_________?Whenliftingthebag,graspitfromthebottom—therearecartons(盒)ofmilkinside,andtheymight_________ifyouonlyholditbythetophandles,”heremarked.Inodded,smilingtomyselfathis_________.AsIwasputtingawaythegroceries,I_________themilkcartonsattheverybottomofthebag.Withouthiswords,Iwouldhavegrabbedthebag_________andwatcheditspill(洒)alloverthefloor.Inmoderntimes,wheneveryoneseems_________fromonetasktothenext,herewassomeonewho_________tothinkofothersandspeakpolitely.It’stheselittle,yetconsiderate__________thatlightupanordinaryday,don’tyouthink?21．A．regret B．responsibility C．excitement D．relief22．A．blessed B．equipped C．packed D．connected23．A．pick B．sort C．leave D．hand24．A．settled B．fell C．looked D．called25．A．review B．order C．promotion D．exchange26．A．expected B．imagined C．indicated D．described27．A．decisively B．carelessly C．cautiously D．randomly28．A．question B．discussion C．service D．reminder29．A．runout B．slipout C．fadeaway D．stealaway30．A．reliability B．diligence C．sympathy D．thoughtfulness31．A．spotted B．pressed C．smelled D．laid32．A．curiously B．slowly C．unthinkingly D．carefully33．A．nervous B．hurried C．eased D．patient34．A．paused B．hesitated C．promised D．pretended35．A．reflections B．moods C．desires D．gestures第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dronesspray(喷洒)pesticidesoverfields,livestreamingsalesaremadeonsmartphones,andhigh-speedtrainsrunonrailbridges____36____(stretch)acrosslandscapes.TheseruralyetmodernscenesappearinthepaintingsofZhangQingyi,____37____81-year-oldfarmerandpainterfromShaanxiprovince.Farmerpaintingdatesbacktothe1950s,whenit____38____(use)toserveproductionbypromotingagriculturalknowledgeandpractices.____39____(ground)inauthenticdescriptionsoflifeinthecountryside,Zhang’spaintingsdocument____40____dramaticallyruralcommunitieshavetransformedalongsidethecountry’sbroaderdevelopment.ZhangisoneofmanyfarmerpainterswhoaretrackingChina’srural____41____(prosper)throughtheirart.“Storiesoffarmersandtheirlifearecapturedintopaintings,____42____serveasalivingrecordofthedailylife,”Zhangsays,addingthathisinspirationoftensprings____43____ordinaryscenes.Supportedbythelocalgovernment’spushtocombineagriculturewithculture,arangeofrelatedinitiativeshaveemerged.Theseprojects____44____(accurate)targetthecoregoalofintegration,leadingtotherenewalofpublicartspaces.“Farmerpaintingisalocaltreasure.Mygoalis____45____(sow)creativityintheyoungsofuturegenerationscontinuetoportraythestoryofrurallife,”Zhangsays.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假设你是学校英语社团负责人李华。社团刚完成“纳新”活动，计划为新成员录制一段欢迎视频。请写出英文视频脚本，内容包括：1.表示祝贺；2.告知安排；3.表达期待。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hieveryone!I’mLiHua,presidentoftheEnglishClub._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Around15yearsago,IwasworkingataVeterans’Home(老兵之家)inasmalltownwhichwasnotfarfrommyhome.Itwasanicecarehomeandeveryonetherewaswelltreated.Wehadanelderlygentleman,John,whohadbeenasoldier.Hewaslovelybutalittlelonelybecausehiswifepassedawaylastyearandhehadnochildren.Wetriedourbesttocheerhimup—planningsmallactivitiesandcheckingonhimregularly—butJohnstillfeltlonely.Theonlytimehefeltalittlebetterwasduringhisdailywalkintheparknearby.Thatslowwalkwithhiswalkingstickwouldleadhimtoanoldoaktree,wherehe’dsitonthebenchtomisshiswife,findingalittlepeaceinhislonelydays.Onesummerday,Johncamebacktothecarehomelookingclearlyupset.Wesoonfoundoutwhatwaswrong:agroupofteenagerswearinghoods(兜帽)hadbeenhangingaroundthepark.Theyrushedaround,talkingloudly.Theirrudebehaviormadehimfeeluneasyandevenalittleannoyed.Thatquietplacehe’deverlovedwasnolongerpeaceful.Forseveraldays,Johndidn’tgothereforhiswalks.Buthemissedthatdailywalksobadly—hecouldn’tstandgivinguptheonlythingthatbroughthimcomfort.Dayslater,Johnapproachedmewithadeterminedlook.“Ineedtohandlethismyself,”hesaidfirmly,“that’swhatanoldsoldierdoes.”Withthat,hegrabbedhiswalkingstickandheadedtowardstheparkbeforeIcouldreact.Concernedabouthissafety,Ihandedovermydutiestoacolleague,andthenfollowedhimquietly,wonderingwhatmighthappen.Whenarrivingatthepark,whatIwitnessedwasfarbeyondimagination.注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Johnstoodamongtheteens—notangry,notdemanding,butcalm._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextday,theteensvisitedthecarehomeasinvited._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．B2．D3．B【导语】这是一篇应用文，本文介绍了移动科普项目ScienceonWheels，文中说明了该项目提供的三类核心服务，介绍了课堂工作坊下的四个不同主题课程，最后说明了项目的预约规则与退改收费政策。1．细节理解题。根据ProgramOfferings部分中明确列出了三个大类项目：Gatherings、Pop-upExhibits、ClassroomWorkshops，因此一共3个项目，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据表格中“Eco-Sleuths:Whereshouldthetownbuildthenewmall?StudentsdeterminewaterqualitybytestingpHandanalyzingthepresenceofbioindicators.Learnersusetheirdatatoconstructanargumentaboutwheretobuildthemall.(Eco-Sleuths：这座城镇应该把新购物中心建在何处？学生们通过检测酸碱度和分析生物指示物的存在情况来测定水质。学生们利用收集到的数据来阐述关于购物中心应建在何处的论点)”可知，Eco-Sleuths项目需要学生检测水质、分析环境生物指标，围绕城镇选址的环境问题探究，符合环境相关的兴趣，故选D。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Reschedulingcosts15%oftheprogramcost.(重新安排时间收取项目费用的15%)”可知，延期收取项目费用的15%，故选B。4．A5．C6．B7．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了18岁夏尔巴登山者Nima刷新世界纪录后，试图通过挑战非传统登山路线获得品牌赞助，以职业运动员身份改变外界对夏尔巴人“仅是向导”的刻板印象，为自己的族群争取尊严的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fornearly120years,Sherpashaveservedasportersandguidesforforeignclimbersseekinggloryontheworld’shighestpeaks,whichmakesthemsocloselylinkedtothisworkthatmanyWesternersmistaketheword“Sherpa”foraprofession,notanethnicity.(近120年来，夏尔巴人一直担任着外国登山者在世界最高峰上寻求荣耀时的搬运工和向导。由于他们与这项工作的紧密联系，许多西方人将“夏尔巴人”这个词误认为是一种职业，而非一个族群。)”可知，西方人通常将“夏尔巴人”理解为一种职业。故选A项。5．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“HesawhowSherpassacrificedtheirownsafetyandevenlivestohelpotherssummit.(他亲眼目睹了夏尔巴人为了帮助他人成功登顶而不惜牺牲自身安全甚至生命的行为。)”以及前面的主语“anavalanche(雪崩)(一场雪崩)”可知，此处指雪崩夺走了两人的生命，画线词意为“夺走（生命）”，与Took意思接近。故选C项。6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Toachievethis,NimahastobeaprofessionalclimbersponsoredbybrandsliketheRedBull.Thebrandsseldomsponsormountaineerswhofollowtraderoutesonfixedropes.(为了实现这一目标，Nima必须成为一名由诸如红牛等品牌赞助的职业登山者。而这些品牌通常不会赞助那些沿着固定绳索沿固定路线攀登的登山者。)”和“Hehadtoexplorenewroutesorpeakswithoutbottledoxygenorfixedropes.(他不得不在没有氧气瓶和固定绳索的情况下，探索新的路线或攀登新的山峰。)”可知，Nima寻求不同登山路线是为了获得职业登山者资格。故选B项。7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Therefore,twomonthsaftersettinghisrecord,Nimawaspreparingforhisnextproject.AlongsidefamedItalianclimberMoro,hewasattemptingawinterclimbingof8,163-meterManaslu,whichwaseventuallycancelledduetoextremeconditions.NimaimmediatelyplannedanotherattemptonManaslufornextwinterwithhispartner.(因此，在创下纪录两个月后，Nima开始筹备他的下一个项目。他与著名的意大利登山者Moro一起，尝试在冬季攀登海拔8163米的马纳斯鲁峰，但由于极端天气条件，这次尝试最终被取消。Nima随即与他的搭档计划在来年冬季再次尝试攀登马纳斯鲁峰。)”可知，Nima打破纪录后立即计划新挑战，在计划受阻时立即做出调整，准备继续尝试，表明他坚定地追求自己的目标。根据第二段中“Oncehedescended,Nimasharedthevideoonlineunderthetag(标签)“Sherpapower”,spreadingthemessagethathispeoplewereathletesintheirownright,notjustguidesofforeignclimbers.(Nima下来后，便将这段视频发布到了网上，并附上了“Sherpapower”这一标签，以此传达这样一个信息：他的族人本身就是优秀的运动员，而不仅仅是为外国登山者提供向导服务的人。)”和第三段中“Itwasatthatmomentthathebegantousetheword“sherpapower”withnewpurposeofbeingavoiceforhiscommunity.(就在那一刻，他开始有意地使用“Sherpapower”这个词，以此来代表自己的社群发声。)”可知，Nima强调夏尔巴人的运动员身份，并为族群发声，表明他具有民族意识。故选A项。8．D9．D10．C11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章围绕“满月是否会影响人类睡眠”展开，多项研究都证实满月会减少人们的睡眠时间、降低睡眠质量。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Figuringoutthemoon’simpactonhumansleepischallenging,asemotionsandexpectationsoftencloudjudgments.(要弄清楚月亮对人类睡眠的影响并非易事，因为情绪和期望常常会干扰判断)”可知，研究月亮对睡眠的难处在于人们的情绪和预期会干扰判断，故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Aroundthefullmoon,participantsexperienceda30percentdropindeep-sleepbrainactivity,took5minuteslongertofallasleep,andslept20minuteslessoverall.(在满月期间，参与者深度睡眠时的大脑活动下降了30%，入睡所需时间延长了5分钟，总体睡眠时间减少了20分钟)”可知，2013年的研究发现满月导致深度睡眠脑活动减少，故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“However,allthesestudiesshareonemajorlimitation:theywereconductedinsleeplaboratories,wherethesubjectsmaybedisturbedeasilybytheunfamiliarsetting.(然而，所有这些研究都存在一个主要的局限性：它们都是在睡眠实验室中进行的，而在这样的